Turricephaly
Turricephaly is a type of cephalic disorder where the head appears tall with a small length and width.[3][4] It is due to premature closure of the coronal suture plus any other suture, like the lambdoid,[5] or it may be used to describe the premature fusion of all sutures.[2] It should be differentiated from Crouzon syndrome. Oxycephaly (or acrocephaly) is a form of turricephaly where the head is cone-shaped, and is the most severe of the craniosynostoses.[4]
| Turricephaly | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Oxycephaly,[1] Acrocephaly, Hypsicephaly,[1] Oxycephalia,[1] Steeple head,[1] Tower head,[1] Tower skull, High-head syndrome, Turmschädel[2] |
 | |
| Specialty | Dysmorphology |
| Symptoms | reduced head length and width for age |
Presentation
Common associations
It may be associated with:[6]
Conditions with turricephaly
- Achondrogenesis type 1A[7]
- Acrocephalopolydactyly[8]
- Acrocephalosyndactyly type V (Goodman syndrome)[8]
- Acrocraniofacial dysostosis[8]
- MEGF8-related Carpenter syndrome[8]
- Pfeiffer syndrome
- Potocki-Shaffer syndrome[7]
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome[8]
- Spondyloenchondrodysplasia with immune disregulation[7]
- Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Sedaghatian type[7]
- Summitt syndrome[8]
- TWIST1-related craniosynostosis[7][8]
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Pfeiffer syndrome[lower-alpha 1]
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome[lower-alpha 2]
Diagnosis
See also
References
- Patient with turribrachycephaly ("Marked anteroposterior nondevelopment and excessive vertical development of the cranium") and exophthalmos, features consistent with Pfeiffer syndrome
- Described as pyrgocephalus; features consistent with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
- Mosby's Medical Dictionary (8th ed.). Elsevier. 2009. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- Bodian, Martin (May 6, 1950). "Oxycephaly". Journal of the American Medical Association. 143 (1): 15–8. doi:10.1001/jama.1950.02910360017006. PMID 15415226.
- "Turricephaly". Elements of Morphology. National Human Genome Research Institute. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
- Allanson, Judith E.; Cunniff, Christopher; Hoyme, H. Eugene; McGaughran, Julie; Muenke, Max; Neri, Giovanni (January 2009). "Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the head and face". American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 149A (1): 6–28. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.32612. ISSN 1552-4833. PMC 2778021. PMID 19125436.
- "oxycephaly". TheFreeDictionary. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- Weerakkody, Yuranga; Goel, Ayush. "Oxycephaly". Radiopaedia.org. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- "Turricephaly (Concept Id: C5399823)". MedGen. NCBI. Retrieved March 21, 2023.
- "Oxycephaly (Concept Id: C4551646)". MedGen. NCBI. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
Further reading
- NINDS Overview
- Ebenezer, Roy (1960). "Craniostenosis or oxycephaly". Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 8 (3): 77–80. ISSN 0301-4738. PMID 13819157.
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