Firewood-gatherer

The firewood-gatherer (Anumbius annumbi) is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae. It is the only member of the genus Anumbius.

Firewood-gatherer
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Furnariidae
Genus: Anumbius
d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1838
Species:
A. annumbi
Binomial name
Anumbius annumbi
(Vieillot, 1817)

The firewood-gatherer is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, pastureland, and heavily degraded former forest. It can be found at elevations of up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft).[1]

Within the ovenbird family, the firewood-gatherer is genetically most closely related to the lark-like brushrunner (Coryphistera alaudina).[2] The firewood-gatherer is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[3]

The firewood-gatherer is a brown bird with a long tail, streaked with darker brown, with a whitish eyestripe and some white on the tail. The strident call is uttered as a monotone chick-chick-chicl-chee-ee-ee-ee-ee. Both males and females vocalise, including from the nest.[4]

It typically inhabits open, bushy countryside, pasture and cropland, and even relatively unvegetated areas with scattered thistles and clumps of foliage. It is quite bold, sitting on fencing posts or wires, and walking about inconspicuously on the ground. It usually occurs singly or in pairs, and only at the end of the breeding season can more than two birds be seen at one time. It feeds on insects, beetles, flies and their larvae, and seeds.[5]

It got its name because it is frequently seen carrying sticks to its nest. It interweaves thorny twigs to build its globular nest, which has an entrance tunnel and can be up to 6.5 ft (2.0 m) tall, and decorated with grass or threads. The bulky nests are very durable and are used from year to year. The young from the first brood may be ejected from the territory, but may help raise the second brood.[6]: 356 [4]

The nest of the firewood-gatherer

References
  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Anumbius annumbi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22702661A93885286. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22702661A93885286.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.
  3. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Ovenbirds, woodcreepers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
  4. Wetmore, Alexander (1926). Observations on the Birds of Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Chile. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 275–277.
  5. Remsen, J.V., Jr (2020). Del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David; De Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Firewood-gatherer (Anumbius annumbi)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. doi:10.2173/bow.firgat1.01. S2CID 216412738. Retrieved 4 May 2020.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. Frances, Peter, ed. (2007). Bird: the Definitive Visual Guide. New York, New York: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 9781405306331.
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