Arab-Israeli relations

Arab–Israeli relations refers to relations between Israel and the multiple Arab nations who have begun full diplomatic relations with Israel.

For the conflict, see Arab–Israeli conflict.

Arab countries that have full diplomatic relations with Israel include:

History

Israel–United Arab Emirates relations

The Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement officially the Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace, Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel,[1] was initially agreed to in a joint statement by the United States, Israel and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on August 13, 2020, officially referred to as the Abraham Accords.[2][lower-alpha 1] The UAE thus became the third Arab country, after Egypt in 1979 and Jordan in 1994, to agree to formally normalize its relationship with Israel,[3][4][5] as well as the first Persian Gulf country to do so.[6][7] Concurrently, Israel agreed to suspend plans for annexing parts of the West Bank.[6][8] The agreement normalized what had long been informal but robust foreign relations between the two countries.[9][10] The agreement was signed at the White House on September 15, 2020.[11] It was approved unanimously by the Israeli cabinet on October 12[12] and was ratified by the Knesset on October 15.[13] The UAE parliament and cabinet ratified the agreement on October 19.

On August 16, 2019, Israel's foreign minister Israel Katz made a public declaration about military cooperation with the UAE amidst rising tensions with Iran.[14] Also, on the same day, the UAE for the first time established telephone links to Israel by unblocking direct dialling to Israel's +972 country code. [15]

The first direct commercial flight from Israel to the UAE took place on August 31, 2020,[16] and the first ship carrying cargo from the United Arab Emirates to Israel entered the Port of Haifa on October 12.[17]

See also

Notes
  1. There is a separate short undated statement headed "The Abraham Accords Declaration": signed by all 4 parties while the agreement between the UAE and Israel contains the following statement "Reaffirming the 'Joint Statement of the United States, the State of Israel, and the United Arab Emirates' (the 'Abraham Accords'), dated 13 August 2020".

References
  1. "READ: Full text of the Abraham Accords and agreements between Israel and the United Arab Emirates/Bahrain". CNN. September 15, 2020. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
  2. Federico-O'Murchú, Seán (August 13, 2020). "Read the full statement by the US, Israel and UAE on normalizing Israel-UAE relations". CNN. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
  3. El Dahan, Maha; Heller, Jeffrey; Holland, Steve (August 13, 2020). "Israel, UAE to normalize relations in shift in Mideast politics; West Bank annexations on hold". Reuters. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020. Israel had signed peace agreements with Egypt in 1979 and Jordan in 1994. But the UAE, along with most other Arab nations, did not recognise Israel and had no formal diplomatic or economic relations with it until now. It becomes the first Gulf Arab country to reach such a deal with the Jewish state.
  4. Baker, Peter; Kershner, Isabel; Kirkpatrick, David D.; Bergman, Ronen (August 13, 2020). "Israel and United Arab Emirates Strike Major Diplomatic Agreement". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020. If fulfilled, the pact would make the Emirates only the third Arab country to have normal diplomatic relations with Israel along with Egypt, which signed a peace agreement in 1979, and Jordan, which signed a treaty in 1994.
  5. Smith, Saphora; Lederman, Josh (August 13, 2020). "Israel, United Arab Emirates agree full normalization of relations". NBC News. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020. Israel currently has peace deals with only two Arab countries — Egypt and Jordan — where it has fortified embassies. If Israel and the UAE go ahead and sign bilateral agreements, it would be the first time Israel has normalized relations with a Gulf state.
  6. "Israel, UAE announce normalisation of relations with US help". Al Jazeera. August 13, 2020. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  7. Marcus, Jonathan (August 13, 2020). "Israel and UAE strike historic deal to normalise relations". BBC News. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  8. "Israel and United Arab Emirates strike historic peace accord". Financial Times. August 13, 2020. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  9. Halbfinger, David M. (August 13, 2020). "Netanyahu Drops Troubled Annexation Plan for Diplomatic Gain". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  10. Hendrix, Steve (August 14, 2020). "Inside the secret-not-secret courtship between Israel and the United Arab Emirates". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  11. Crowley, Michael (2020-09-15). "Israel, U.A.E. and Bahrain Sign Accords, With an Eager Trump Playing Host". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  12. Harkov, Lahav (October 12, 2020). "Cabinet authorizes Israel-UAE peace treaty". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  13. Hoffman, Gil; Lazaroff, Tovah (October 15, 2020). "Knesset approves Israel-UAE deal". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
  14. Egozi, Arie (August 16, 2019). "Israel Meets with UAE, Declares It's Joining Persian Gulf Coalition". Breaking Defense. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  15. "Israel and UAE in historic direct flight following peace deal". BBC News. August 31, 2020. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  16. "First maritime cargo shipment from UAE enters Haifa Port". The Jerusalem Post. 12 October 2020. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
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