Bantoanon language

Bantoanon[1] or Asi is a regional Bisayan language spoken, along with Romblomanon and Onhan, in the province of Romblon, Philippines. Asi originated in the island of Banton, Romblon and spread to the neighboring islands of Sibale, Simara, and the towns of Odiongan and Calatrava on Tablas Island. The Asi spoken in Odiongan is called Odionganon, Calatravanhon in Calatrava, Sibalenhon in Concepcion, Simaranhon in Corcuera, and Bantoanon in Banton.

Bantoanon
Asi
Binantoanon
Native toPhilippines
RegionRomblon
Native speakers
75,000 (2011)[1]
Dialects
  • Bantoanon
  • Odionganon
  • Calatravanhon
  • Sibalenhon
  • Simaranhon
Latin (Bantoanon Alphabet)
Baybayin locally known as Suyat (historical)
Language codes
ISO 639-3bno
Glottologbant1288
Bantoanon language map

Specifically, it is spoken on the following islands within Romblon:

Linguist David Zorc notes that Bantoanon speakers may have been the first Bisayan speakers in the Romblon region. He also suggests that Asi may have a Cebuan substratum and that many of its words may have been influenced by the later influx of other languages such as Romblomanon.[3]

Nomenclature

While Bantoanon is the original and most common name of the language, the name Asi, meaning 'why', is also commonly used especially in formal and academic papers. Considering that the language has four other dialects other than Bantoanon: Odionganon, Calatravanhon, Sibalenhon, and Simaranhon, Asi is occasionally used instead of Bantoanon to distinguish between the language and the dialect of it spoken in Banton. The term Asi has uncertain origins, and may have been coined around the 1980s–1990s. Several native Bantoanons have expressed dislike of the new name, saying that it does not represent themselves, but rather promotes something foreign.[4] Speakers of dialects that have evolved through the Bantoanon diaspora prefer Asi, or just their dialect's name. In casual speech, however, native speakers often refer to the language as Bisaya, not to be confused with other Bisayan languages.

The Commission on the Filipino Language or KWF prescribes the use of Ási[5] with the acute accent on the Á, although the native pronunciation is closer to Ásì with the acute Á and a grave accent on the ì.

Sounds

Bantoanon has fifteen consonant phonemes: p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n, ng, s, h, w, l, r and y. There are three vowel phonemes: a, i/e, and u/o. The vowels i and e are allophones, with i always being used when it is the beginning and middle and sometimes in final syllables, and e always used when it is in final syllables. The vowels u and o are allophones, with u always being used when it is the beginning and middle and sometimes in final syllables, and o always used when it is in final syllables. This is one of the Philippine languages that do not exhibit [ɾ]-[d] allophony.

Grammar

Pronouns
Absolutive Ergative Oblique
1st
person		 singular akó nako, ko akò
plural exclusive kami namo amo
inclusive kita nato ato
2nd
person		 singular ikaw, ka nimo, mo imo
plural kamo ninro inro
3rd
person		 singular sida nida ida
plural sinra ninra inra

Cardinal Numbers
One-digit
English Tagalog Bantoanon Spanish-derived
one isa usá uno, una
two dalawa ruhá dos
three tatlo tatló tres
four apat ap-át kuwatro
five lima limá singko
six anim án-om sais
seven pito pitó siyete
eight walo wayó otso
nine siyam sidám nuwebe

Bantoanon speakers prefer using Spanish-derived or English numbers for financial situations.

Two-digit
English Tagalog Bantoanon Spanish-derived
ten sampu sampúyò diyes
eleven labing-isa sampúyò ag usá onse
twelve labindalawa sampúyò ag ruhá dose
thirteen labintatlo sampúyò ag tatló trese
fourteen labing-apat sampúyò ag ap-át katorse
fifteen labinlima sampúyò ag limá kinse
sixteen labing-anim sampúyò ag án-om disisais
seventeen labimpito sampúyò ag pitó disisiyete
eighteen labingwalo sampúyò ag wayó disiotso
nineteen labinsiyam sampúyò ag sidám disinuwebe
twenty dalawampu ruhámpúyò baynte
twenty-one dalawampu't isa ruhámpúyò ag usá baynte uno
twenty-two dalawampu't dalawa ruhámpúyò ag ruhá baynte dos
twenty-three dalawampu't tatlo ruhámpúyò ag tatló baynte tres
thirty tatlumpu tatlómpúyò treynta
fourty apatnapu ap-át nak púyò,ap-átampúyò kuwarenta
fifty limampu limámpúyò singkuwenta
sixty animnapu án-om nak púyò,an-omnapúyò sesenta
seventy pitumpu pitómpúyò sesenta
eighty walumpu wayómpúyò otsenta
ninety siyamnapu sidámnapúyò nobenta

For numbers 11 to 90, Bantoanon speakers rarely use Bantoanon numbers, but instead their Spanish-derived counterparts even in contexts not related to finances.

Three-digit
English Tagalog Bantoanon Spanish-derived
one-hundred isang daan usáng gatós (un) siyento
two-hundred dalawang daan ruháng gatós dos siyentos
three-hundred tatlong daan tatlóng gatós tres siyentos
four-hundred apat na raan ap-át nak gatós kuwatro siyentos
five-hundred limang daan limáng gatós kinyentos
six-hundred anim na raan án-om nak gatós sais siyentos
seven-hundred pitong daan pitóng gatós siyete siyentos
eight-hundred walong daan wayóng gatós otso siyentos
nine-hundred siyam na raan sidám nak gatós nuwebe siyentos
one-hundred-twenty-three isang daan at dalawampu't tatlo usáng gatós ag ruhampúyò ag tatlo siyento baynte'y tres
Four-digit and above
Number Tagalog Bantoanon Spanish-derived
1,000 isang libo usáng líbo (un) mil
2,000 dalawang libo ruháng líbo dos mil
10,000 sampung libo sampúyòng líbo diyes mil
100,000 isang daang libo usáng gatós nak líbo siyen mil
1,000,000 isang milyon usáng milyón (un) milyon
1,234,567 isang milyon dalawang daan at tatlumpu't apat na libo limang daan at animnapu't pito usáng milyón ruhámpúyòng gatós ag tatlómpúyòng ap-át nak líbo limáng gatós ag an-óm nak púyò ag pitó (un) milyon dos siyentos treynta'y kuwatro mil kinyentos sesenta'y siyete

Ordinal Numbers
English Tagalog Bantoanon Spanish-derived
first una primero primero
second pangalawa,

ikalawa

 pangaruhá, ikaruhá segundo
third pangatlo, ikatlo pangatló, ikatatlo tersero
fourth pang-apat, ika-apat pang ap-át, ikaap-át kuwarto
fifth panlima, ikalima panlima, ika-limá kinto
sixth pang-anim, ikaanim pang-an-óm, ika-an-óm seksto
seventh pampito, ikapito pampito, ikapitó septimo
eighth pangwalo, ikawalo pangwayó, ikawayó oktabo
ninth pangsiyam, ikasiyam pangsidám, ikasidám nobeno
tenth pangsampu, ikasampu pangsampúyò desimo

Legend

In Italics = rarely used and/or reconstructed based on existing vocabulary and grammar.

Examples
Basic Phrases
English Tagalog Bantoanon
Yes Oo Óhò
No Hindi Indî - used to refuse or reject.

Bukô - used when negating something.

Hello / How are you? Kumusta ka? Kumusta ka?
I'm fine, how about you? Mabuti naman, ikaw? Maayo ra, ikaw?
What's your name? Anong pangalan mo? Nio ka imo ngayan?
My name is... / I am... Ako si... Ako si...
How old are you? Ilang taon ka na? Piláng túigey ka?
I am 24 years old. Bente-kuwatro anyos na ako. Báynte-kuwátro ányosey akó.
Please Pakiusap Palihog
Thank you Salamat Salamat
Thank you very much Maraming Salamat Maramong Salamat,

Salamat nak gador

I don't know Hindi ko alam.

Ewan.

 Bukô náko ayám.

Ilam.

Help! Tulong! Tábang!
Help me! Tulungan n'yo 'ko! Tabángi akó!
Where is the restroom? Nasaan po ang CR? Hariin kag CR?
How much is this? Magkano po ito? Tigpíla kalí?
What time is it? Anong oras na? Nióng órasey?
Just a minute! Sandali lang! Ánay yang!

References
  1. Bantoanon at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) closed access
  2. Gordon, M. Ruth; Kilgour, Heather J. (1986). Sociolinguistic Survey of Bantoanon. Studies in Philippine Linguistics, vol. 6, no. 2.
  3. Zorc, David Paul (1977). The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Pacific Linguistics, Series C, No. 44. Canberra: Australian National University. doi:10.15144/PL-C44. hdl:1885/146594. ISBN 0-85883-157-0.
  4. "Bantoanon or Asi Language suno kay Wikipedia". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
  5. "Ási - Repositoryo ng Wika at Kultura ng Pilipinas". kwfwikaatkultura.ph.
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