Caesium hydroxide

Caesium hydroxide is a strong base (pKa= 15.76) containing the highly reactive alkali metal caesium, much like the other alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Caesium hydroxide is corrosive enough to quickly dissolve through glass.[7]

Caesium hydroxide
Names
Other names
Cesium hydrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.040.298
EC Number
  • 244-344-1
RTECS number
  • FK9800000
UNII
UN number 2682
  • InChI=1S/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 checkY
    Key: HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
    Key: HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-REWHXWOFAG
  • [OH-].[Cs+]
Properties
CsOH
Molar mass 149.912 g/mol
Appearance Whitish-yellow deliquescent crystals
Density 3.675 g/cm3
Melting point 272 °C (522 °F; 545 K)[1]
300 g/100 mL at 30 °C
Solubility Soluble in ethanol[2]
Acidity (pKa) 15.76 [3]
Thermochemistry
69.9 J·mol−1·K−1[4]
104.2 J·K−1·mol−1
−416.2 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS05: CorrosiveGHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H302, H314, H361, H373
P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P314, P321, P330, P363, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flash point Not flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
570 mg/kg (oral, rat)[5]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 none[6]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 2 mg/m3[6]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.[6]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 1592
Related compounds
Other anions
 Cæsium oxide
Cæsium fluoride
Other cations
 Lithium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Rubidium hydroxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Due to its high reactivity, caesium hydroxide is extremely hygroscopic. Laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a hydrate.

It is an anisotropic etchant of silicon, exposing octahedral planes. This technique can form pyramids and regularly shaped etch pits for uses such as Microelectromechanical systems. It is known to have a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used potassium hydroxide.

This compound is not commonly used in experiments due to the high extraction cost of caesium and its reactive behaviour. It acts in similar fashion to the compounds rubidium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, although more reactive.

References
  1. "ICSC 1592 - Cesium Hydroxide".
  2. Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 4–51, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
  3. "Sortierte Liste: pKb-Werte, nach Ordnungszahl sortiert. – Das Periodensystem online".
  4. Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 5–14, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
  5. Chambers, Michael. "ChemIDplus - 21351-79-1 - HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Cesium hydroxide - Similar doin yo ma in 3864.structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information".
  6. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0111". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. "Cesium | Cs (Element) - PubChem". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.