Chinese Cultural Renaissance

The Chinese Cultural Renaissance or the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement (Chinese: 中華文化復興運動; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Wénhuà Fùxīng Yùndòng) was a movement promoted in Taiwan in opposition to the cultural destructions caused by the Chinese Communist Party during the Cultural Revolution.[1] The Chinese Cultural Revival Movement is an ideological and cultural movement launched by the government of the Republic of China with the aim of reviving Chinese culture.In order to maintain traditional Chinese culture and carry forward the revolutionary spirit.[2]Contend with the Cultural Revolution movement of the Chinese Communist Party to show that the Republic of China is the representative of orthodox Chinese culture.In November 1966, 1,500 people, including Sun Ke, Wang Yunwu, Chen Lifu, Chen Qitian, Kong Decheng, and Zhang Zhiben, wrote a letter to the Executive Yuan,the "Chinese Cultural Revival Movement" was proposed and the "Chinese Cultural Revival Festival" was designated as November 12 each year.[3]On July 28, 1967, people from all walks of life in Taiwan held the initiation meeting of the Chinese Cultural Revival Movement Implementation Committee (now known as the Chinese Cultural Federation), The President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek as the president, and the movement was implemented in Taiwan and overseas.[3]

Origin

Because Chinese mainland was in the midst of the catastrophe of the "Cultural Revolution" at that time, under the slogan of "shattering the old and building the new", a number of Chinese cultural heritage was greatly damaged, and the entire Chinese mainland cultural and intellectual circles were humiliated and destroyed; This is another major disaster after the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, which has had a very negative impact on the normal development of Chinese culture; The Government of the Republic of China then raised the banner of reviving Chinese culture, hoping to establish itself as the successor and defender of Chinese culture.[4]

Movement process

Chiang Kai-shek, the then President of the Republic of China who launched the movement in November 1966—on the 100th anniversary of Sun Yat-sen's birthday—by publicly announcing the official start of the renaissance movement.[5] It was the Kuomintang's first structured plan for cultural development on Taiwan. Chiang himself was the head of the movement promotion council.[5] Future president Lee Teng-hui was also involved in the movement and served as the president for the cultural renaissance.[1]

Chiang announced ten goals:[5]

  1. To improve educational standards and promote family education with an emphasis on the Confucian principles of filial duty and fraternal love
  2. To reissue Chinese classic literary works and translate important works with a view toward disseminating Chinese culture abroad.
  3. To encourage the creation of new literary and art works that are relevant to contemporary society and informed by the ideals of the cultural renaissance
  4. To launch the government planning and construction of new theaters, opera houses, auditoriums, and art galleries, as well as stadiums throughout the country, and to improve existing facilities.
  5. To utilize all mass media for the promotion of the cultural renaissance with an emphasis upon encouraging good customs and morals.
  6. To guide the modernization of national life under the influence of the Confucian Principles of the "Four Social Controls" (propriety, rectitude, honesty and a sense of shame)[6] and the "Eight Virtues" (Loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, love, faithfulness, justice, harmony and peace), a goal to be achieved with the help of the newly launched New Life Movement.
  7. To promote tourism and the preservation of historical relics
  8. To increase support for overseas Chinese education, including the publication of newspapers and the promotion of cultural activities abroad.
  9. To maintain close ties with foreign institutions and intellectuals, particularly those whose research focuses on China.
  10. To revise tax statutes and regulations in order to encourage wealthy individuals, private industries, and private businesses to make donations to government-endorsed cultural and educational establishments.

Evaluate
  • Chen Lifu: It has been 13 years since the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement was launched. What are the achievements? Society has its fair judgment; But here it is necessary to say:
    • First, the cultural revival has guided the correct line. Ethics, democracy and science are the cornerstone of Chinese culture and the essence of the Three People's Principles. To revive Chinese culture, we must practice the Three Principles of the People.
    • Second, the cultural Renaissance has promoted the flourishing of culture. In the past, international people called Taiwan a cultural desert. Now, Taiwan has a variety of cultural relics activities, books and periodicals printing, lectures, symposiums, viewing parties, exhibitions... Held almost every day, visible at any time, resulting in a general state of the ZTE scene.
    • Third, cultural revival has elevated our country's cultural reputation and status. Internationally, Taiwan is regarded as the richest place to preserve the fine traditional culture of China, which has increased the admiration and reverence of international scholars for Taiwan, and even the love for Taiwan, which has increased the number of tourists to Taiwan and changed the perception of international scholars on Taiwan.
  • Mou Zongsan: "National cultural and spiritual education", like other aspects of education, is "material" and "teaching". There is no "spirit" at all. Naturally, it cannot be called "education".

See also

References
  1. Wachman, Alan M. [1994] (1994). Taiwan: National Identity and Democratization. M.E. Sharpe publishing. ISBN 1-56324-398-9. pg 274.
  2. 李守孔 (1973). 《中國現代史》. 台北: 三民書局. ISBN 978-957-14-0663-3.
  3. 李松林 (1993). 《蔣介石的台灣時代》. 台北: 風雲時代出版. ISBN 957-645-416-6.
  4. 陳鐵健、黃鐵炫 (1992). 《蔣介石與中國文化》. 香港: 中華書局. p. 122.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  5. Guy, Nancy. [2005] (2005). Peking Opera and Politics in Taiwan. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02973-9.
  6. De Bary, William Theodore; Lufrano, Richard John, eds. (2001). Sources of Chinese Tradition: From 1600 Through the Twentieth Century. Introduction to Asian civilizations. Vol. 2 (2 ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 342. ISBN 978-0-231-11271-0. Retrieved 2011-11-05. The meaning of Li, Yi, Lian, and Chi[.] [...] li, yi, lian, and chi have always been regarded as the foundations of the nation [...] they may be interpreted as follows: Li means 'regulated attitude.' Yi means 'right conduct.' Lian means 'clear discrimination.' Chi means 'real self-consciousness.'
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