Chlorokybus

Chlorokybus is a multicellular (sarcinoid) genus of basal green algae or charophyte, a soil alga. It has been classified as the sole member of the family Chlorokybaceae,[3] which is the sole member of the order Chlorokybales,[2] in turn the sole member of the class Chlorokybophyceae.[1][6]

Chlorokybus
Scientific classification e
(unranked): Viridiplantae
(unranked): Charophyta
Class: Chlorokybophyceae
Irisarri & al.[1]
Order: Chlorokybales
Irisarri & al.[2]
Family: Chlorokybaceae
Irisarri & al.[3]
Genus: Chlorokybus
Geitler[4][5]
Species[4]
  • Chlorokybus atmophyticus Geitler
  • Chlorokybus bremeri Irisarri et al.
  • Chlorokybus cerffii Irisarri et al.
  • Chlorokybus melkonianii Irisarri et al.
  • Chlorokybus riethii Irisarri et al.

Taxonomy

Chlorokybus atmophyticus was once thought to be the only species in the genus.[7] In 2021, a study showed that there were at least four other species, morphologically indistinguishable, but with deep genomic differences, suggesting divergences possibly about 76 million years ago. Chlorokybus has been found in Eurasia, Central and South America.[8]

Chlorokybus was placed in a new class, order and family. The new class Chlorokybophyceae was basal within the charophytes.[8]

Mesostigmatophyceae

Spirotaenia

Chlorokybophyceae

Klebsormidiophyceae

Charophyceae

Coleochaetophyceae

Zygnematophyceae

Embryophyta

Within the genus, the species were related as shown in the cladogram:[8]

Chlorokybus

C. cerffii

C. riethii

C. bremeri

C. atmophyticus

C. melkonianii

References
  1. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Chlorokybophyceae". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
  2. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Chlorokybales". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
  3. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Chlorokybaceae". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
  4. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Chlorokybus". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
  5. Geitler, L. (1942). "Morphologie, Entwicklungsgeschichte und systematik neuer bemerkenswerter atmosphytischer Algen aus Wien". Flora NF. Vol. 136. pp. 1–29.
  6. Leliaert, Frederik; Verbruggen, Heroen; Zechman, Frederick W. (2011). "Into the deep: New discoveries at the base of the green plant phylogeny". BioEssays. 33 (9): 683–692. doi:10.1002/bies.201100035. ISSN 0265-9247. PMID 21744372.
  7. JSTOR The Zoospore of Chlorokybus Atmophyticus, a Charophyte with Sarcinoid Growth Habit
  8. Irisarri, Iker; Darienko, Tatyana; Pröschold, Thomas; Fürst-Jansen, Janine M. R.; Jamy, Mahwash & de Vries, Jan (2021). "Unexpected cryptic species among streptophyte algae most distant to land plants". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 288 (1963): 20212168. doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.2168.


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