Daniel Bernardi

Daniel Leonard Bernardi (born June 16, 1964) is a professor of Cinema at San Francisco State University,[1] founder and President of El Dorado Films[2] and Commander in the United States Navy Reserve. Bernardi earned a Bachelor of Arts in Radio-TV (1984) and a Masters of Arts in Media Arts (1988) from the University of Arizona. He went on to earn a PhD in Film and Television Studies from UCLA (1994) and he completed a University of California postdoctoral research fellowship in 1997.

Daniel Bernardi
Born (1964-06-16) June 16, 1964
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Alma materUniversity of Arizona, UCLA
SpouseHelen Na
Scientific career
Fieldsmedia studies, cultural studies,
narrative theory, critical race theory
InstitutionsSan Francisco State University, United States Navy Reserves, El Dorado Films


His main academic interests are media studies, narrative theory, critical race theory, and rumors as narrative IEDS. His work in media, which is perhaps most well known, emphasizes whiteness as a historical formation of meanings. Borrowing from Michael Omi and Howard Winant's theory of racial formation, he argues that whiteness is a historically powerful set of meanings that serves to either implicitly or explicitly dominate the shifting and reforming meaning of race in U.S. media.[3]

Bernardi is also an award-winning documentary filmmaker and his current body of work focuses on telling the veteran story.[4] Among his many documentaries, notables are Ultimate Sacrifices: CPT Jennifer Moreno (2022) which tells the story of nurse Jennifer Moreno, a San Diego High School heroine who gave her life attempting to save fellow Rangers in Afghanistan. The American War (2018) a documentary that uses obscure archival footage, animated illustrations and interviews, in order to tell the story of the Vietnam War from the perspective of five Vietcong veterans: a soldier, an officer, an informant, a guerilla, a My Lai survivor, and the leader of the Long Hair army. In 2019, Professor Bernardi directed the award-winning documentary The War to End all Wars... and its American Veterans (2019). The documentary explores the First World War by relying on newly discovered archival footage, memoirs from the fallen, and expert commentary from scholars. This film tells the story of the Great War from the American perspective: Its ace pilots, mine-laying Sailors, heroic doughboys, Harlem Hell Fighters, and courageous nurses.[5]


Career

Bernardi has taught film, television and new media at UC Riverside (1997–1998), UCLA (1999-2000), Arizona State University (1999-2011), and SFSU (2011–Present). He was awarded a Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship (1994), a UC President's Post-Doctoral Fellowship (1995–1997), and a Fulbright Fellowship (2009). Nonetheless, his deployment to Iraq prevented his acceptance of the Fulbright Fellowship. From 1998 to 2000, he worked for the Sci-Fi Channel as a consultant, writer and producer/host of the web feature Future Now (since deleted).

Since his years at UCLA, Daniel L. Bernardi has earned a reputation of notoriety among the more avid Star Trek fans due to his writings about the role of race in the films, especially through his 1998 book Star Trek and History: Race-ing Toward a White Future".[6]

Bernardi is also an officer in the United States Navy Reserves. He has served at sea on the USS Coronado, the USS John C. Stennis (CVN-74), the USS Blue Ridge (LCC-19), and the USS Cleveland (LPD-7), as well as at shore in Italy, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and at the Pentagon with the Chief of Navy Information. From May 2009 to February 2010 he was recalled to Active Duty in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom for ten months. In Iraq, Bernardi served with US Special Forces as the Public Affairs Officer for Special Operations Task Force-Central, where he trained Iraqi Special Operations Forces (ISOF) and Emergency Response Brigade (ERB) Soldiers on combat camera and media operations. He also managed US media embeds, including CNN, NBC and AP, and US Army and US Navy journalists and photographers. In 2011 he returned to Active Duty for nine months and served as the Mission Public Affairs Officer for Pacific Partnership 2011, an annual humanitarian assistance initiative sponsored by the U.S. Pacific Fleet. Bernardi managed a team of military (U.S., Australian and New Zealand) and NGO (Project Hope) photographers, videographers and writers assigned to document and report on the mission.[7]

Following his tour in Iraq and the South Pacific, Bernardi, working with a larger research team including H. L. (Bud) Goodall Jr., received a $1.6 million renewable grant from the Office of Naval Research to catalogue and study the impact rumors have on counterinsurgency operations. As an example, when multinational forces began a cattle vaccination program in 2005, a rumor spread among the Iraqis that U.S. forcers were poisoning their livestock. Though they had intended on using modern medicine to protect their food supplies, the rumor completely disarmed their efforts. In order to combat such debilitating narratives, Bernardi and his team worked to create a comprehensive database of known Islamist narratives and reveal how these narratives are used to influence populations in the Middle East and North Africa. The hope is that expeditionary forces would have access to these narratives and, through the team's analysis' on hand, work against them.

In 2012, Bernardi launched the Veteran Documentary Corps [8] (VDC) project. Founded by donations and grants, the VA and National Cemetery Administration including, VDC produces and exhibits short documentaries on the struggles and successes of veterans from across the world. The Veteran Documentary Corps has produced and distributed more than fifty short documentaries on veterans dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the fall-out of the former "don't ask, don't tell" policy, and a range of other topics. Bernardi contributes to the project both as filmmaker and producer, and all the films are made by professional filmmakers including Jesse Moss, Andrés Gallegos, Silvia Turchin, Eliciana Nascimento, among others.[9]

The Veteran Documentary Corps was met with wide acclaim, and was received positively from veterans and public alike. Following these successes, Bernardi created in 2018 El Dorado Films, the distributor of Veteran Documentary Corps (VDC) films. Indeed, El Dorado Films is a specialized filmmaking collective that works across the U.S. and around the world to craft compelling documentaries, shorts, and commercials, which offers also an online streaming platform.

Daniel Bernardi's documentaries have received a wide international reception on the international film festival circuit and won many prizes. In 2023 two of his latest documentaries on women in the military[10]: Time for Change: the Kathy Bruyere Story and Ultimate Sacrifices: Cpt. Jennifer Moreno screened at the opening night of the 2023 GI Film Festival San Diego.[11]

Bibliography

As author
  • Off the Page: Screenwriting in the Era of Media Convergence (co-author). 2017. University of California Press.

Examines the business and craft of screenwriting in the era of media convergence. Daniel Bernardi and Julian Hoxter use the recent history of screenwriting labor coupled with close analysis of scripts in the context of the screenwriting paraindustry—from "how to write a winning script" books to screenwriting software—to explore the state of screenwriting today. They address the conglomerate studios making tentpole movies, expanded television, Indiewood, independent animation, microbudget scripting, the video games industry, and online content creation. Designed for students, producers, and writers who want to understand what studios want and why they want it, this book also examines how scripting is developing in the convergent media, beneath and beyond the Hollywood tentpole. By addressing specific genres across a wide range of media, this essential volume sets the standard for anyone in the expanded screenwriting industry and the scholars that study it.[12]

  • Narrative Landmines: Rumors, Islamist Extremism, and the Struggle for Strategic Influence Rumors (co-authored). 2012. Rutgers University Press.

Bernardi and his co-authors characterize rumors as bits and pieces of prevailing narrative systems and local cultural artifacts, and that their anonymous origin and dubious truth claims afford them a type of concealment until their effects are known and the damage is done. Focusing on the impact of rumors on counterinsurgency operations (Iraq), counter terrorism whisper campaigns (Indonesia), and civil disobedience online (Singapore), they argue that rumors are narrative IEDs, or Improvised Explosive Device, in that they're constructed of locally available materials and hidden in the landscape until detonation. Bernardi and his co-authors see rumors as similarly ad hoc, constructed of bits and pieces of narrative systems, and lying unseen to the military information operator, diplomat, civic outreach coordinator, or business strategist until exploding and disrupting expensive and highly wrought communication campaigns.[13]

  • Star Trek and History: Race-ing Toward a White Future". 1998. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-2466-0

Bernardi traces the shifting and reforming meaning of race articulated throughout the Star Trek television series, feature films, and fan community, investigating and, in his word, "politicizing" the presentation of race in Star Trek in the original series of the 1960s, the feature films and television spin-offs of the 1980s and 1990s, and the current fan community on the Internet. Through both critical and historical analysis, he proposes a method of studying the framing of race in popular film and television that integrates sociology, critical theory and cultural studies. Bernardi goes on to examine the representational and narrative functions of race in Star Trek and explores how the meaning of "race" in the science fiction series has been facilitated or constrained by creative and network decision-making, by genre, by intertextuality, and by fans.[14] He interprets how the changing social and political movements of the times have influenced the production and meaning of "Trek" texts and the ways in which the ongoing series negotiated and reflected these turbulent histories. Unpopular with many Trekkers, Star Trek and History went into a second printing after a year of its original publication.[15] Other readers feel Bernardi apologies for Star Trek's racial vision.[16]

As editor

In these books, Bernardi relies on a range of scholars to show how race in general and whiteness in particular formed unique representational, narrational, and institutional patterns across U.S. film history. The introductions to each book set out a broad theory of whiteness in American film that, in brief, positions whiteness as a performance about who passes and who doesn't pass as white — and what it means in specific films and periods of film history to either pass or not pass as white. The last book in the series, Filming Difference, includes essays and interviews by filmmakers who address critically and creatively how they go about representing race, gender and sexuality in their work.

Filmography
Film Year Role Production company Synopsis
Tim Kochis: Purple Heart 2013 Director El Dorado Films The story of Vietnam War veteran Tim Kochis, who earned a Purple Heart after being wounded in action. Kochis is a world-renowned wealth manager living in San Francisco, California. He provides some key lessons which led to his success and expresses his appreciation for the Veteran's Administration and their support.[23]
Michael Blackwell: Combat Camera 2014 Director El Dorado Films Michael Blackwell entered the United States Navy on Veteran's Day, 2002 and served for more than nine years. While stationed with the now-disestablished Fleet Combat Camera Group Pacific, he served alongside United States Army 5th and 10th group Special Forces in Iraq.[24]
Ralph Rush: Concentration Camp Liberator 2015 Director El Dorado Films Ralph Rush, a Scout in General George S. Patton's World War II Intelligence & Reconnaissance Platoons went from digging up German mines to being the first American to enter the Ohrdruf Concentration Camp; the first concentration camp liberated by the Allies.[25]
Jack Ensch: Hanoi Hilton POW 2016 Director El Dorado Films Jack "Fingers" Ensch served in the Navy for 30 years. Recounting his experience of getting shot down and held as a POW in the infamous Hanoi Hilton, Jack explains how he was able to move forward from the experience and enjoy a full life.[26]
The American War 2018 Director El Dorado Films Using obscure archival footage, animated illustrations and interviews, this film tells the story of the Vietnam War from the perspective of five Vietcong veterans: a soldier, an officer, an informant, a guerilla, a My Lai survivor, and the leader of the Long Hair army.[27]
Noble Sissle's Syncopated Ragtime 2018 Director El Dorado Films Combining footage unseen since WWI with original scores from the era, this film tells the story of Noble Sissle's incredible journey that spans "The Harlem Hell Fighters" of World War I, Broadway Theatre, the Civil Rights movement, and decades of Black cultural development.[28]
Noble Sissle Jr. 2018 Director El Dorado Films The story of Noble Sissle Jr., a production company owner, community development expert, and veteran of the Vietnam War. Combining archival footage with interviews and family portraits, the film explores his life to include carrying on the legacy of his father, Noble Sissle, the famous WWI Harlem Hell Fighter and leader of the Harlem Renaissance. Includes original music and footage of Noble Sissle.[29]
The War to End All Wars… and its American Veterans 2019 Director El Dorado Films Relying on newly discovered archival footage, memoirs from the fallen, and expert commentary from scholars, this documentary tells the story of World War I from the American perspective: Its ace pilots, mine-laying Sailors, heroic doughboys, Harlem Hell Fighters, and courageous nurses.[30]
The Forgotten War 2020 Director El Dorado Films The Korean War saw three years of heavy combat take place on the small Korean peninsula, ending in a stalemate that remains contested to this day. This documentary tells the story of the Forgotten War from the point of view of the veterans that were sent to fight it.[31]
Buck Southworth: U.S. Air Force Flight Crew 2021 Director El Dorado Films Buck Southworth's life as an Air Force aircrewman narrated by his wife, Priscilla Southworth, now a volunteer at Cape Canaveral National Cemetery, she tells a story about her husband, bravery, dedication to the mission and love.[32]
Ultimate Sacrifices: Capt. Jennifer Moreno 2022 Director El Dorado Films After a stellar high school career as a leader in the JROTC program at San Diego High School and finishing nursing school at the University of San Francisco, Jennifer Moreno joined the Army. She pursued her dream, becoming an elite member of an all-female Cultural Support Team and served in Afghanistan with U.S. Rangers. She was killed in action while running to the aid of a fallen Ranger. Her story is told by her battle buddy, mentor, and sister that have to live with her sacrifice.[33]
Navigator: Ken Murray 2022 Director El Dorado Films A former U.S. Air Force air tanker navigator, Lt. Col. Ken Murray's career takes us from the horrific accident that killed 70 people at an airshow demonstration in Ramstein, Germany to Operation Just Cause in Panama to the Iraq War. Through it all we experience air operations, post-deployment divorce, a new career as a famed sports photographer to new loves.[34]
Time for Change: Kathy Bruyere 2022 Director El Dorado Films A remarkable woman challenges two centuries of Navy tradition and discrimination, becoming a champion for equal opportunities to serve on board ship and in combat—all while rising to the rank of captain and becoming a source of strength to her family.[35]

As producer

Daniel Bernardi is the producer of both short and feature documentaries for his production company, El Dorado Films, and for the Veteran Documentary Film Corps.

Documentary Features:

From Mexico to Vietnam: A Chicano Story (2022, Andrés Gallegos) After losing her father at an early age, Tina Duran explores the rich history of her father, the story of her ancestors who migrated from Mexico to the United States, and the implications the Vietnam War had on the Chicano & Latino community.

The War to End All Wars… and its American Veterans (2020, Daniel L. Bernardi) Relying on newly discovered archival footage, memoirs from the fallen, and expert commentary from scholars, this documentary tells the story of World War I from the American perspective: its ace pilots, mine-laying Sailors, heroic doughboys, Harlem Hell Fighters, and courageous nurses.

The Forgotten War (2020, Daniel L. Bernardi) The Korean War saw three years of heavy combat take place on the small Korean peninsula, ending in a stalemate that remains contested to this day. This documentary tells the story of the Forgotten War from the point of view of the veterans that were sent to fight it.Objector (2019, Molly Stuart) Like all Israeli youth, Atalya is obligated to become a soldier. Unlike most, she questions the practices of her country's military, and becomes determined to challenge this rite of passage. Despite her family's political disagreements and personal concerns, she refuses military duty and is imprisoned for her dissent. Her courage moves those around her to reconsider their own moral positions and personal power. OBJECTOR follows Atalya to prison and beyond, offering a unique window into the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from the perspective of a young woman who seeks truth and takes a stand for justice.[36]

Ultimate Sacrifices: Capt. Jennifer Moreno (2022, Daniel L. Bernardi) After a stellar high school career as a leader in the JROTC program at San Diego High School and finishing nursing school at the University of San Francisco, Jennifer Moreno joined the Army. She pursued her dream, becoming an elite member of an all-female Cultural Support Team and served in Afghanistan with U.S. Rangers. She was killed in action while running to the aid of a fallen Ranger. Her story is told by her battle buddy, mentor, and sister that have to live with her sacrifice.[33]


Short Documentaries
  • Historical Profiles Series: Brevet Major Pauline Cushman-Fryer (2017, Alice Ondricka), Buffalo Soldiers, Victorio and Manifest Destiny (2017, Alexander Zane Irwin), Pride of the Buffalo Soldier (2017, Alice Ondricka), Fighting Fred Funston (2017, Andrés Gallegos), Admiral Chester Nimitz (2017, Alexander Zane Irwin).
  • World War I Experience: Raoul Lufbery: Fighter Ace (2018, Alexander Zane Irwin), Samuel Wilder King: Fighting Statehood (2018, Carolina Gratianne), John Henry Balch: Congressional Medal of Honor (2018, Sreang Hok), Nurse Helen Fairchild: Killed in Action? (2018, Eliciana Nascimento), Noble Sissle's Syncopated Ragtime (2018, David de Rozas and Daniel L. Bernardi).
  • World War II Experience: Season I - European Theater: David Gan: The Front Lines (2012, David Washburn), Richard Hank Sciaroni: Shot Down (2015, Robert Barbarino), Nisei Soldiers: Japanese American G.I. Joes (2017, Alexander Zane Irwin), Vincent Faulls: A Collection of My Father (2021, Jesse Collier Sutterley).
  • World War II Experience: Season II - Pacific Theater: Aldo Giannini: Pacific Theater (2015, John Giannini), Bataan Death March (2021, Jesse Collier Sutterley), Remembering Port Chicago (2017, Alexander Zane Irwin), Merchant Marine Paul Goercke and the Alexander Hamilton Post (2022, Alexander Zane Irwin), Adele Shimanoff: U.S. Marine (2016, Hannah Anderson).
  • Korean War Experience: John Stevens: Storming the Beach (2017, Jesse Moss), Frank Maselskis: From WWII POW to Chosin Reservoir Survivor (2020, Andrés Gallegos), Ralph Parr: Fighter Ace of the Twentieth Century (2020, Alexander Zane Irwin), Rudy Hernandez: Congressional Medal of Honor (2020, David de Rozas)
  • Vietnam War Experience: Season I - Battlefield Memories: John Baumhackl: Chemical Unit (2014, Adan Pulido), Buck Southworth: U.S. Air Force Flight Crew (2021, Daniel L. Bernardi), Fighter Pilots of Vietnam (2018, Carolina Gratianne).
  • Vietnam War Experience: Season II - Healing Memories: Immigrant Service: Focus on Jesus Duran (2021, Andrés Gallegos), Cpl. Richard Carlson: A Brother's Loss (2017, Andrés Gallegos), Leo Patrick McKurdle (2019, Alice Ondricka), Jack Lyon: Veterans Serving Veterans (2013, John Giannini).
  • Iraq War Experience: Giorgio Mattia: From Kosovo to Iraq (2014, Maria Luisa Forenza), Casey Conklin: Ranger Battalion (2013, Adan Pulido), Michael Blackwell: Combat Camera (2014, Daniel L. Bernardi), PFC Benjamin Tollefson: A Mom's Loss (2017, Andrés Gallegos), Pam Roark: Iraq War Nurse (2020, Natalya Sharapova).
  • PTSD & Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Bobby Hollingsworth: Army CID (2013, Silvia Turchin), Scott Castle: Battle of Falujah (2013, Silvia Turchin), Julie Mendez: From PTSD to Art (2013, Silvia Turchin), Casey Conklin: Ranger Battalion (2013, Adan Pulido), Joel Hunt: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (2015, Valerie Soe).
  • Women in the Military: Season I - Warriors: Brevet Major Pauline Cushman-Fryer (2017, Alice Ondricka), Nurse Helen Fairchild: Killed in Action? (2018, Eliciana Nascimento), Tiffany McKinley: Sailor (2014, David Washburn), Julie Mendez: From PTSD to Art (2013, Silvia Turchin), Pam Roark: Iraq War Nurse (2020, Natalya Sharapova).
  • Women in the Military: Season II - Pioneers: Adele Shimanoff: U.S. Marine (2016, Hannah Anderson), Time for Change: Kathy Bruyere (2022, Daniel L. Bernardi), Zoe Dunning: Repealing "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (2013, Silvia Turchin), Jackie Speier: Sexual Assault in the Military (2016, Jennifer Hammett).
  • Fighter Pilots & Flight Officers: Raoul Lufbery: Fighter Ace (2018, Alexander Zane Irwin), Ralph Parr: Fighter Ace of the Twentieth Century (2020, Alexander Zane Irwin), John Heroux: Gulf War Fighter Pilot (2012, David Washburn), LCDR Che Barns: Fallen Brother (2017, Alexander Zane Irwin), Fighter Pilots of Vietnam (2018, Carolina Gratianne), Navigator: Ken Murray (2022, Daniel L. Bernardi).


Selected publications

References
  1. [“School of Cinema| College of Liberal & Creative Arts.” n.d. https://cinema.sfsu.edu/.]
  2. El Dorado Films
  3. Daniel Bernardi | School of Cinema. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://cinema.sfsu.edu/daniel-bernardi
  4. El Dorado Films
  5. “Daily Inspiration: Meet Daniel Bernardi.” 2023. SD Voyager. April 17, 2023. Accessed April 17, 2023. http://sdvoyager.com/interview/daily-inspiration-meet-daniel-bernardi/.
  6. Di Rado, Alicia. 2019. “Trekking Through College : Classes Explore Modern Society Using the World of ‘Star Trek’ - Los Angeles Times.” Los Angeles Times, March 5, 2019. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-03-15-mn-42986-story.html.
  7. “University of Arizona Graduate Participates in Humanitarian Mission.” n.d. DVIDS. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/73582/university-arizona-graduate-participates-humanitarian-mission.
  8. “Veteran Documentary Corps | College of Liberal & Creative Arts.” n.d. https://lca.sfsu.edu/veteran-documentary-corps.
  9. “Filmmakers – El Dorado Films.” n.d. https://www.eldoradofilms.net/filmmakers/.
  10. Dyer, Andrew. “Documentaries Recognize Sacrifice, Achievement of Military Women.” KPBS Public Media, May 16, 2023. https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2023/05/16/documentaries-recognize-sacrifice-achievement-of-military-women.
  11. Coddon, David L. “Director Keeps Stories of Military Women Alive at GI Film Festival San Diego.” Tribune, May 12, 2023. https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/entertainment/movies/story/2023-05-12/director-keeps-stories-of-military-women-alive-at-gi-film-festival-san-diego.
  12. “Off the Page: Screenwriting in the Era of Media Convergence Available Now for Courses.” n.d. UC Press Blog. https://www.ucpress.edu/blog/29639/off-the-page-screenwriting-in-the-era-of-media-convergence-available-now-for-courses/.
  13. Bernardi, Daniel Leonard, Pauline Hope Cheong, Chris Lundry, and Scott W. Ruston. Narrative Landmines: Rumors, Islamist Extremism, and the Struggle for Strategic Influence. Rutgers University Press, 2012. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5hjdvd.
  14. “University of Arizona Graduate Participates in Humanitarian Mission.” n.d. DVIDS. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/73582/university-arizona-graduate-participates-humanitarian-mission.
  15. Darden, Jeneé. 2023. “How a Couple Saved ‘Star Trek’ While Living in Oakland.” KALW, February 27, 2023. https://www.kalw.org/arts-culture/2022-09-29/how-a-couple-saved-star-trek-while-living-in-oakland.
  16. Bernardi, Daniel. 1998. Star Trek and History: Race-Ing Toward a White Future. Springer Science & Business.
  17. Bernardi, Daniel, and Michael Green. 2017. Race in American Film: Voices and Visions That Shaped a Nation. Greenwood.
  18. Bernardi, Daniel, Murray Pomerance, and Hava Tirosh-Samuelson. 2013. Hollywood’s Chosen People: The Jewish Experience in American Cinema.
  19. Bernardi, Daniel. 2009. Filming Difference: Actors, Directors, Producers, and Writers on Gender, Race, and Sexuality in Film. University of Texas Press.
  20. Bernardi, Daniel.2008. The Persistence of Whiteness: Race and Contemporary Hollywood Cinema. Taylor & Francis.
  21. Bernardi, Daniel.2001. Classic Hollywood, Classic Whiteness. U of Minnesota Press.
  22. Bernardi, Daniel. 1996. The Birth of Whiteness: Race and the Emergence of U.S. Cinema. Rutgers University Press.
  23. “Tim Kochis (Short 2013) - IMDb.” 2013. IMDb. September 1, 2013. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7940956/.
  24. “Michael Blackwell: Combat Camera (Short 2014) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3601878/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1.
  25. “Ralph Rush (Short 2015) - IMDb.” 2015. IMDb. September 1, 2015. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7945816/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1.
  26. “Jack Ensch (Short 2016) - IMDb.” 2016. IMDb. September 1, 2016. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7940938/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_1_nm_0_q_Jack%2520Ensch%253A%2520Hanoi%2520Hilton%2520POW.
  27. “The American War (2018) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8075286/.
  28. “Noble Sissle’s Syncopated Ragtime (Short 2018) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9377262/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_1_nm_0_q_Noble%2520Sissle%27s%2520Syncopated%2520Ragtime.
  29. “Noble Sissle Jr. (Short 2018) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10740784/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1.
  30. “The War to End All Wars: And Its American Veterans (2020) - IMDb.” 2020. IMDb. April 17, 2020. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9441390/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_7_nm_0_q_The%2520War%2520to%2520End%2520All%2520Wars%25E2%2580%25A6%2520and%2520.
  31. “The Forgotten War (2020) - IMDb.” 2021. IMDb. September 3, 2021. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11540480/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_2_tt_8_nm_0_q_the%2520Forgotten%2520War.
  32. “Buck Southworth: U.S. Air Force Flight Crew (Short 2021) - IMDb.” 2021. IMDb. March 1, 2021. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt12618064/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_1_nm_0_q_Buck%2520Southworth%253A%2520U.S.%2520Air%2520Force%2520Flight%25.
  33. “Ultimate Sacrifices Cpt. Jennifer Moreno (2022) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15527054/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_1_nm_0_q_Ultimate%2520Sacrifices%253A%2520Capt.%2520Jennifer%2520Moren.
  34. “Navigator: Lt. Col. Ken Murray (Short 2022) - IMDb.” n.d. IMDb. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21277600/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_1_nm_0_q_Navigator%253A%2520Ken%2520Murray.
  35. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15527108/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_8_nm_0_q_Time%2520for%2520Change%253A%2520Kathy%2520Bruyere
  36. Felperin, Leslie. 2021. “Objector Review – Israeli Anti-Occupation Documentary Wears Its Politics on Its Sleeve.” The Guardian, May 10, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/may/10/objector-review-israel-documentary.
  37. Bernardi, D. (1996). The Birth of Whiteness: Race and the Emergence of U.S. Cinema. Rutgers University Press.
  38. Bernardi, D. (1998b). Star Trek and History: Race-ing Toward a White Future. Springer Science & Business.
  39. Daniel Bernardi / Arizona State University. (2005, April 1). Where’s the Beef? – Flow. Retrieved from https://www.flowjournal.org/2005/04/cyborg-donna-haraway-race-pornography-hate-speech/
  40. Narrative Landmines | Small Wars Journal. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/narrative-landmines
  41. Audiomack | Free Music Sharing and Discovery. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://audiomack.com/word-christchurch/song/james-gleick-time-travel
  42. Prof. Daniel Bernardi on Star Trek and Race. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://startrekdom.blogspot.com/2007/06/prof-daniel-bernardi-on-star-trek-and.html
  43. Federal News Network Staff. (2014, January 13). In Depth Show Blog – January 10, 2014. Federal News Network. Retrieved from https://federalnewsnetwork.com
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