Huincul Formation
The Huincul Formation is a geologic formation of Late Cretaceous (Early Cenomanian to Late Turonian) age of the Neuquén Basin that outcrops in the Mendoza, Río Negro and Neuquén Provinces of northern Patagonia, Argentina.[1] It is the second formation in the Río Limay Subgroup, the oldest subgroup within the Neuquén Group. Formerly that subgroup was treated as a formation, and the Huincul Formation was known as the Huincul Member.[2]
| Huincul Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Late Cenomanian-Early Turonian ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Neuquén Group Río Limay Subgroup |
| Underlies | Lisandro Formation |
| Overlies | Candeleros Formation |
| Thickness | 250 m (820 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Sandstone |
| Other | Claystone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 39.4°S 69.0°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 46.1°S 46.0°W |
| Region | Mendoza, Río Negro & Neuquén Provinces |
| Country | Argentina |
| Extent | Neuquén Basin |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Plaza Huincul |
| Named by | Keidel |
| Year defined | 1929 |
  Huincul Formation (Argentina) | |
Description
The type locality of the Huincul Formation is near the town of Plaza Huincul in Neuquén Province after which the formation was named by Wichmann in 1929.[3] This formation conformably overlies the Candeleros Formation, and it is in turn overlain by the Lisandro Formation.
The Huincul Formation is thought to represent an arid environment with ephemeral or seasonal streams.[4] In some areas, it is up to 250 metres (820 ft) thick. It is mainly composed of green and yellow sandstones and can easily be differentiated from the overlying Lisandro Formation, which is red in color. The Candeleros Formation, underlying the Huincul, is composed of darker sediments, making all three formations easily distinguishable.[2][5]
Fossil content
Size of dinosaurs named from the Huincul Formation compared to a human
Fossil bones are rarely found in the Huincul Formation. However, remains of Argentinosaurus huinculensis, one of the largest land animals known, were found in the Huincul Formation, and this species is named after it.[2] One of the largest terrestrial predators known, Mapusaurus, has also been recovered from a bonebed in this formation.[4]
Dinosaurs
Fossils found in the Huincul Formation include those of dinosaurs:
| Saurischians | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sauropods | ||||
| Taxa | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Argentinosaurus | A. huinculensis | Post cranial remains |  | |
| Cathartesaura | C. anaerobica[6] | A rebbachisaurid | ||
| Choconsaurus | C. baileywillisi[7] |  | ||
| Chucarosaurus | C. diripienda | A complete left humerus, partial left radius, complete left metacarpal II, left ischium, partial left femur and fibula, partial right tibia, and partial indeterminate metapodial.[8] |  | |
| Theropods | ||||
| Aoniraptor | A. liberataem | Aacral vertebra, six proximal caudal vertebrae, four mid-caudal vertebrae.[9] | A megaraptoran theropod. | |
| Huinculsaurus | H. montesi | Several vertebrae[10] | A noasaurid dinosaur |  |
| Gualicho | G. shinyae | A neovenatorid theropod. | ||
| Mapusaurus[11] | M. roseae | A carcharodontosaur theropod | ||
| Meraxes | M. gigas[12] | A carcharodontosaur theropod |  Meraxes_gigas_reconstruction | |
| Overoraptor | O. chimentoi[13] | A paravian theropod. |  | |
| Taurovenator[14] | T. violantei[15] | A carcharodontosaurid theropod | ||
- several titanosaurian sauropods (including Argentinosaurus, Choconsaurus, and Chucarosaurus[8])
- rebbachisaurid sauropods (including Cathartesaura and Limaysaurus)
- carcharodontosaurid theropods (including Mapusaurus[16], Meraxes[12] and Taurovenator[14])
- a possible neovenatorid theropod (Gualicho)
- a megaraptoran theropod (Aoniraptor)
- several abelisaurid theropods (including Skorpiovenator, Tralkasaurus and Ilokelesia)
- several iguanodonts
- ichnofossils of abelisaurids and hadrosaurids[17]
References
- Huincul Formation at Fossilworks.org
- Sánchez et al., 2006
- Wichmann, 1929
- Coria & Currie, 2006
- Leanza et al., 2004, p.68
- Gallina, Pablo A.; Apesteguía, Sebastián (2005). "Cathartesaura anaerobica gen. et sp. nov.,a new rebbachisaurid (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Huincul Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Rio Negro, Argentina". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Nueva Series. 7 (2): 153–166. doi:10.22179/REVMACN.7.332.
- Simón, Edith; Leonardo Salgado, and Jorge O. Calvo. 2017. A new titanosaur sauropod from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Neuquén Province, Argentina. Ameghiniana 55. 1–29. Accessed 2020-03-16. doi:10.5710/AMGH.01.08.2017.3051
- Agnolin, Federico L.; Gonzalez Riga, Bernardo J.; Aranciaga Rolando, Alexis M.; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Motta, Matías J.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; Novas, Fernando E. (2023-02-02). "A new giant titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Cretaceous Research: 105487. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105487. ISSN 0195-6671.
- Motta, Matías J.; Aranciaga Rolando, Alexis M.; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico E.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; Egli, Federico Brissón; Novas, Fernando E. (June 2016). "New theropod fauna from the Upper Cretaceous (Huincul Formation) of northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 71: 231–253 – via ResearchGate.
- Mattia Baiano; Rodolfo Coria; Andrea Cau (2020). "A new abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Huincul formation (lower upper Cretaceous, Neuquén Basin) of Patagonia, Argentina". Cretaceous Research. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104408.
- Canale et al., 2012
- Canale, J.I.; Apesteguía, S.; Gallina, P.A.; Mitchell, J.; Smith, N.D.; Cullen, T.M.; Shinya, A.; Haluza, A.; Gianechini, F.A.; Makovicky, P.J. (2022). "New giant carnivorous dinosaur reveals convergent evolutionary trends in theropod arm reduction". Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.057.
- Matías J. Motta; Federico L. Agnolín; Federico Brissón Egli; Fernando E. Novas (2020). "New theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia sheds light on the paravian radiation in Gondwana". The Science of Nature. 107 (3): Article number 24. Bibcode:2020SciNa.107...24M. doi:10.1007/s00114-020-01682-1. hdl:11336/135530. PMID 32468191. S2CID 218913199.
- Motta, Matías J.; Aranciaga Rolando, Alexis M.; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico E.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; Egli, Federico Brissón; Novas, Fernando E. (June 2016). "New theropod fauna from the Upper Cretaceous (Huincul Formation) of northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 71: 231–253 – via ResearchGate.
- Motta, Matías J.; Aranciaga Rolando, Alexis M.; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico E.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; Egli, Federico Brissón; Novas, Fernando E. (June 2016). "New theropod fauna from the Upper Cretaceous (Huincul Formation) of northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 71: 231–253 – via ResearchGate.
- Canale et al., 2012
- Leonardi, 1994, p.30
Bibliography
- Canale, Juan Ignacio; Sebastián Apesteguía; Peter Makovicky; Pablo Ariel Gallina; Federico Gianechini; Natan Smith; Ignacio Maniel, and Alejandro Haluza. 2012. New carcharodontosaurid theropod remains from El Chocón Neuquén Group, Huincul Formation, Neuquén, Argentina. Ameghiniana 50. . Accessed 2020-12-11.
- Coria, R.A., and P.J. Currie. 2006. A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. Geodiversitas 28. 71–118. Accessed 2019-02-16.
- Leanza, H.A.; S. Apesteguia; F.E. Novas, and M.S. De la Fuente. 2004. Cretaceous terrestrial beds from the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) and their tetrapod assemblages. Cretaceous Research 25. 61–87. Accessed 2019-02-16.
- Leonardi, Giuseppe. 1994. Annotated Atlas of South America Tetrapod Footprints (Devonian to Holocene) with an appendix on Mexico and Central America, 1–248. Ministerio de Minas e Energia - Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais, Geological Service of Brazil. Accessed 2019-03-25.
- Sánchez, María Lidia; Susana Heredia, and Jorge O. Calvo. 2006. Paleoambientes sedimentarios del Cretácico Superior de la Formación Plottier (Grupo Neuquén), Departamento Confluencia, Neuquén (Sedimentary paleoenvironments in the Upper Cretaceous Plottier Formation (Neuquen Group), Confluencia, Neuquén). Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 61. 3–18. Accessed 2019-02-16.
- Wichmann, R. 1929. Los Estratos con Dinosaurios y su techo en el este del Territorio del Neuquén ("The dinosaur-bearing strata and their upper limit in eastern Neuquén Territory"). Dirección General de Geología, Minería e Hidrogeología Publicación 32. 1–9. .
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