Ingushskiy Okrug

It was located in the central part of the North Caucasus in the basin of the Terek, Sunzha, Assa and Fortanga rivers, covering the territory of modern Ingushetia, parts of the Mozdok and Prigorodny regions of North Ossetia, Sernovodsky and parts of the Achkhoy-Martanovsky regions of the Chechen Republic.[1]

It bordered in the west with the Ossetinskiy Okrug, in the northwest with the Kabardinskiy Okrug, in the north with the Stavropol Governorate, in the east with the Chechenskiy Okrug, in the southeast with the Argunskiy Okrug, in the south along the Caucasus Range with the Tiflis Governorate.

Ingushskiy Okrug on the Road map of the Caucasus region in 1853.

Ingushskiy Okrug on the map of the Caucasus region, 1869.

Until 1860 of the 19th century, the mountain population of the North Caucasus was subordinate to the military authorities of the Left (North-Eastern Caucasus) and Right (North-Western Caucasus) flanks of the Caucasian Line. Civil administration was only in the Stavropol Governorate. After the end of the Caucasian War, the military administration of the Caucasus was eliminated and in 1860, the entire territory of the North Caucasus was divided into the Stavropol Governate, Kuban, Terek and Dagestan oblasts. The Terek Oblast consisted of 8 districts (okrugs), one of which was Ingushskiy Okrug.

The administrative center of the Ingushskiy Okrug, together with the Ossetian Okrug, was Vladikavkaz. The Okrug consisted of three uchastoks: Nazranovskiy, Psedakhskiy, Gorsky and also Karabulakskiy, which was liquidated in 1865.[2][1] Significant lands of the plain of Ingushetia in 1864-1865, after the construction of Cossack villages on them, were directly subordinated to the Terek Cossack Host. In 1866, the territory of the Meredzhin and Akkin societies was separated from the Gorskiy Uchastok of the Ingushskiy Okrug and subordinated to the administration of the Argunskiy Okrug.[3][4][note 2]

On February 2, 1870, a project was approved to establish an agricultural farm and school in the Ingush district.[6]

In 1870, the Ingushskiy Okrug was disestablished when, together with the Cossack villages on the Sunzha, it was merged with the Ossetinskiy Okrug into one Vladikavkazsky Okrug,[7] which covered a vast territory from the Urukh River in the west to the Fortanga River in the east.

In administrative terms, initially in 1862 Ingushkiy Okrug was divided into 4 subcounties (uchastoks) and the lands of the villages on the Sunzha subordinate to the Terek Cossack army. However, in 1865 the number of sites was reduced to three. The subcounties of the Ingushskiy okrug were as follows:

• Settlements of Nazranovskiy Uchastok: Bazorkino, Kantyshevo, Surkhakhi, Ekazhevo, Nasyr-Kort, Alty, Gamurzievo, Bursuk, Plievo, Dolakovo, Upper Achaluki.

• Settlements of Psedakhskiy Uchastok: Sagopshi, Geirbek-Yurt, Psedakh, Keskem, Lower Keskem, Bekovichi, Guchuk-Yurt, Lower Achaluki, Middle Achaluki, Upper Achaluki.

• Settlements of Gorskiy Uchastok: Dzheyrakh, Pamyat, Armkhi, Lyazhgi, Tsori, Khamkhi, Tumgi, Khuli, Egikhal, Bisht, Doshkhakle, Kyazi, Shoan, Salgi, Metskhal, Garkh, Furtoug, Kusht, Koshk Morch, Eban, Kerbete, Kharp, Beyni, Olgeti, Tsoli, Niy, Pyaling, Targim, Barkhane, Barakh, Leimi, Kart, Ozdik, Nilkh, Pui, Tsorkh, Kyakhk, Ersh, Ezmi, Kost, Nyakist, Hani, Gadaborsh, Torsh, Tori, Khay, Koli, Myashkhi, Vovnushki, Tsyzdy, Gul. In 1866, the settlements of Akki and parts of the Meredzhi societies — Yalkhoroy, Akki, Vilah, Kerete, Galanchozh, Kerbychi, Orzmikale, Vauge — were separated from the Gorsky section of the Ingushsky Okrug and attached to the Argunskiy Okrug.[3][4]

• Settlements of Karabulakskiy Uchastok: Botash-Yurt, Gazi-Yurt, Shinal-Yurt, Akhbarzoy, Arshty, Nesterovsky, Bamut, Chemulga, Mergist, Bereshki, Dattykh.[note 3]

• Албогачиева, М. С.-Г. (2015). "Демаркация границ Ингушетии" [Demarcation of the borders of Ingushetia] (PDF). In Карпов, Ю. Ю. (ed.). Горы и границы: Этнография посттрадиционных обществ [Mountains and Borders: An Ethnography of Post-Traditional Societies] (in Russian). СПб.: МАЭ РАН. pp. 168–255. ISBN 978-5-88431-290-6.
• Грабовскій, Н. Ф. (1870). "Экономическій и домашній бытъ жителей Горскаго участка Ингушевскаго округа" [Economic and domestic life of the inhabitants of the Gorsky Uchastok of the Ingushevskiy Okrug]. Сборникъ свѣдѣній о кавказскихъ горцахъ. Вып. 3 [Collection of information about the Caucasian highlanders. 3rd issue] (in Russian). Тифлис: Типографія Кавказскаго Горскаго Управленія. pp. 113–144.
• Дубровин, Н. Ф. (1871). Исторія войны и владычества русскихъ на Кавказѣ [The history of the war and domination of Russians in the Caucasus] (in Russian). Vol. 1: Book 1. СПб.: Типографія Департамента удѣлов. pp. 1–656.
• Долгиева, М. Б.; Картоев, М. М.; Кодзоев, Н. Д.; Матиев, Т. Х. (2013). Кодзоев, Н. Д. (ed.). История Ингушетии [History of Ingushetia] (4nd ed.). Ростов-на-Дону: Южный издательский дом. pp. 1–600. ISBN 978-5-98864-056-1.
• Картоев, М. М. (2020). Ингушетия в политике Российской империи на Кавказе. XIX век. Сборник документов и материалов [Ingushetia in the policy of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus. 19th century. Collection of documents and materials] (in Russian) (2 ed.). Ростов-на-Дону: Южный издательский дом. pp. 1–760. ISBN 978-5-98864-060-8.
• "Горская лѣтопись" [Mountain chronicle]. Сборник свѣдѣній о кавказскихъ горцахъ [Collection of information about the Caucasian highlanders] (in Russian). Тифлисъ: Типографія Главнаго Управленія Намѣстника Кавказскаго. 1868. pp. 1–72 (338–408 as PDF).
• Албогачиева, М.С.-Г.; Мартазанов, А. М.; Соловьева, Л. Т., eds. (2013). Ингуши [The Ingush] (in Russian). Москва: Наука. pp. 1–512.