Kepler-51

Kepler-51 is a Sun-like star that is only about 500 million years old.[2] It is orbited by three super-puff planets—Kepler-51b, c, and d—which have the lowest known densities of any exoplanet. The planets are all Jupiter-sized but with masses only a few times Earth's.[2]

Kepler-51
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cygnus
Right ascension 19h 45m 55.1428629445s[1]
Declination +49° 56′ 15.650520690″[1]
Characteristics
Spectral type G[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−4.3[3] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 0.075±0.020[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −7.451±0.019[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)1.2457 ± 0.0165 mas[1]
Distance2,620 ± 30 ly
(800 ± 10 pc)
Details[4][2]
Mass0.985±0.012 M☉
Radius0.881±0.011 R☉
Luminosity0.66[5] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.51+0.03
−0.04 cgs
Temperature5,662+64
−65 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.04±0.04 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)5.5±1.0[3] km/s
Age500±250 Myr
Other designations
KOI-620[6]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Planets
The Kepler-51 planetary system[7][2]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 3.69+1.86
−1.59 M🜨		 0.2514±0.0097 45.1542±0.0003 0.03±0.01 89.78+0.15
−0.17°		 6.89±0.14 R🜨
c 4.43±0.54 M🜨 0.384±0.015 85.3139±0.0017 0.01+0.02
−0.01		 — 8.98±2.84 R🜨
d 5.70±1.12 M🜨 0.509±0.020 130.1845±0.0007 0.01±0.01 89.91+0.06
−0.08°		 9.46±0.16 R🜨

Kepler-51 has three planets, all super-puffs. Kepler-51b, c and d have some of the lowest known densities of any exoplanet.[2]

References
  1. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.; et al. (2020). "The Featureless Transmission Spectra of Two Super-puff Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (2): 57. arXiv:1910.12988. Bibcode:2020AJ....159...57L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5d36. S2CID 204950000.
  3. Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (September 2017). "The California-Kepler Survey. I. High-resolution Spectroscopy of 1305 Stars Hosting Kepler Transiting Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (3): 20. arXiv:1703.10400. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..107P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa80de. S2CID 55183141. 107.
  4. Johnson, John Asher; et al. (September 2017). "The California-Kepler Survey. II. Precise Physical Properties of 2025 Kepler Planets and Their Host Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (3): 9. arXiv:1703.10402. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..108J. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa80e7. S2CID 119241581. 108.
  5. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  6. "KOI-620". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-01-08.
  7. Masuda, Kento (2014). "Very Low Density Planets Around Kepler-51 Revealed with Transit Timing Variations and an Anomaly Similar to a Planet-Planet Eclipse Event". The Astrophysical Journal. 783: 53. arXiv:1401.2885. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/783/1/53. S2CID 119106865.

Further reading
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