Kuki-Chin National Front

According to Bangladeshi law enforcement agencies, Kuki-Chin National Front has received weapons from the Kachin State of Myanmar.[2] It also has ties with Karen rebel.[3] The military wing of the party is called the Kuki-Chin National Army.[12] It has provided training to Islamist Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya in Chittagong Hill Tracts.[2][13] It is believed the training was provided for monetary reasons.[14]

From 11 to 17 January 2023, the Bandarban District administration banned tourists in the district due a drive against Kuki-Chin National Army by security forces in the district.[15] A bullet hit body of Kuki-Chin National Army personnel was found Ruma Upazila on 30 January 2023 after a gunfight with security forces.[16] Another gunfight took place between Rapid Action Battalion and the Kuki-Chin National Army.[17] On 12 March, the Assam Rifles detained two members of the Kuki-Chin National Army in Mirozam.[18] In March 2023, Kuki-Chin National Army attacked a convoy of Bangladesh Army that was escorting medical convoy for expectant mothers in Chittagong Hill Tracts.[19][20] A master warrant officer of Bangladesh Army, Nazim Uddin, in the ambush and two soldiers were injured.[19][21] The Kuki-Chin National Army kidnapped 12 workers constructing the Thanchi road and released some of them after getting their ransom.[19] It also kidnapped a retired sergeant of Bangladesh Army who was working as a contractor on road construction.[22] In April 2023, eight people were killed in a shootout between the United People's Democratic Front (Democratic), a fraction of the United People's Democratic Front, and Kuki-Chin National Army in Rowangchhari Upazila, Bandarban District.[12]

In 17 May 2023 two soldiers of the Bangladesh Army were killed and two officers were injured in Ruma upazila, Bandarban. The incident occurred as a result of an explosion caused by an improvised explosive device (IED) and unforeseen gunfire from the Kuki-Chin National Army.[23]