Lorenzo Monaco

In 1390, Piero di Giovanni joined the Camaldolese monastery of Santa Maria degli Angeli. He was thenceforth generally known as Lorenzo Monaco ('Lawrence the Monk').

Starting from around 1404, his works show the influence of the International Gothic, of Lorenzo Ghiberti's earliest works and of Gherardo Starnina. From this period is the Pietà in the Galleria dell'Accademia in Florence. His works, often over a gilded background, showed in general a spiritual value, and usually did not feature profane elements.

In 1414, he painted the Coronation of the Virgin (now at the Uffizi), characterized by a great number of saints and brilliant colours. In the late part of his life, Lorenzo did not accept the early Renaissance innovations introduced by artists such as Masaccio and Brunelleschi. This is visible in the Adoration of the Magi of 1420–1422, where the now widespread geometrical perspective is totally absent. Lorenzo's works remained popular in the 1420s, as testified by the numerous commissions he received, such as the Stories of the Virgin in the Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel of Santa Trinita, one of his few frescoes.

Giorgio Vasari includes a biography of Lorenzo Monaco in his Lives. According to Vasari, he died from an unidentified infection, perhaps gangrene or a tumour.

His works include:

• Coronation of the Virgin (1388–1390), Courtauld Gallery, London
• Madonna and Child with Saints (1395–1402)
• Episodes in the Life of Saint Benedict (c. 1407–1409)
• Nativity (1409), a panel believed to form part of a predella
• Coronation of the Virgin (1414), also for Santa Maria degli Angeli
• Annunciation Triptych (1410–1415), Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence
• Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel (1410–1415), Santa Trinita, Florence
• Adoration of the Magi (1422), Uffizi, Florence
• Beheading of St Paul, Princeton University Art Museum
• Processional Cross, Chicago Art Institute
• Crucifixion of St Peter, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
• Madonna and Child, National Gallery, Washington, D.C.
• Madonna of Humility, Treasure Museum of the Basilica of Saint Francis, Assisi
• Virgin and Child, Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh

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  Coronation of the Virgin, c. 1388–1390, Courtauld Gallery, London
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  Madonna of Humility, Treasure Museum of the Basilica of St. Francis in Assisi
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  Virgin and Child with Six Angels, c. 1415–1420
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  Madonna, c. 1381–1425, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
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  Polyptych of the Madonna Enthroned with Saints, 1410, Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence
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  Scene from the Life of St. Benedict, c. 1413–1414
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  Nativity, c. 1406–1410
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  Nativity, 1414
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  Nativity, before 1424
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  Crucifixion, c. 1405–1410

• Sienese School

• Pope-Hennessy, John & Kanter, Laurence B. (1987). The Robert Lehman Collection I, Italian Paintings. New York, Princeton: The Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press. ISBN 0870994794.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) (see index; plates 71-72)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lorenzo Monaco.

• National Gallery of Art
• Biography and works (in Italian)
• Italian Paintings: Florentine School, a Metropolitan Museum of Art collection catalog containing information about Lorenzo Monaco and his works (see pages 62–68).