Loyumba Shinyen

The Loyumba Shinyen (Old Manipuri: Loyumpa Shinyen), also termed as the Loyamba Sinyen (Old Manipuri: Loyampa Sinyen), is an 11th-12th century written constitution, regulated in the Manipur kingdom during the regime of King Loyumba (1074 AD-1112 AD).[1] A promulgation of the proto-constitution in 429 AD by King Naophangba was reduced to a final format in 1100 AD.[2][3][4] Historically, it is the first written constitution,[5] and one of the well recorded antique manuscripts of the kingdom.[6][7] Its Constitutionalism was replaced by the Manipur State Constitution Act, 1947, that was functional until Manipur was merged into India on October 15, 1949.[8]

See also: Magna Carta
Loyumba Shinyen
CountryAncient Manipur - Medieval Manipur
LanguageMeitei language (Manipuri language)
Subjectslaw, rules and regulations, social system
GenreConstitution
Published1100 AD
PublisherKing Loyumba
It is an 11th-12th century written constitution of the Manipur kingdom.

It includes the accounts of the distribution of the duties to the subjects of the king.[9][10] Its rules and regulations remains to be an authoritative work in the Meitei social system till the present day Manipur.[11]

Religious duties

The following is the list of Meitei families who were given the duties of serving particular pantheons of gods and goddesses of the ancient Meitei religion.

Selected Families Latin-Roman transliteration Deities to be served Latin-Roman transliteration
ꯍꯩꯔꯣꯝ Heirom[12] ꯃꯩꯔꯩꯃ Meireima[12][13]
ꯏꯔꯣꯝ Irom[14] ꯈꯝꯂꯥꯡꯕ Khamlangba[14]
ꯁꯣꯔꯦꯜꯁꯪꯕꯝ Sorelsangbam ꯁꯣꯔꯥꯔꯦꯟ Soraren[15]
ꯁꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ Sharang Leishangthem* ꯂꯟꯃꯥꯕꯤ Lanmabee[16]
ꯁꯔꯣꯠꯈꯥꯏꯕꯝ Sharotkhaibam ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ Phouoibi[17]
ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯪꯕꯝ Potshangbam ꯁꯪꯂꯥꯡꯃꯩ (ꯀꯪꯂꯥ) Shanglangmei (Kangla)[18]
ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯝꯕꯝ Moirang Pukhrambam ꯀꯨꯠꯆꯨ (ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯟꯁꯪ) Kutchu (Wayenshang)[19]
ꯁꯧꯕꯝ Shoubam ꯃꯋꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯃ Mawao Leima[20]
ꯍꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯝ Heishnam ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯕꯤ Panthoibi[21]
ꯈꯣꯏꯁꯅꯥꯝ Khoisanam ꯄꯦꯇꯪꯉꯥ Petangnga[22]
ꯇꯥꯏꯕꯪꯖꯝ Taibangjam ꯂꯥꯏꯈꯨꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ Laikhurembi[23]
ꯀꯣꯟꯊꯧꯖꯝ Konthoujam ꯍꯨꯏꯃꯨꯔꯩꯃ Huimureima[24]
ꯑꯁꯥꯡꯕꯝ Ashangbam ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯕꯤ Lainaotabi[25]
ꯆꯤꯡꯈꯥꯝ Chingkham ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯦꯜꯂꯩꯃ Nugthelleima[26]
ꯑꯔꯥꯝꯕꯝ Arambam ꯁꯧꯕꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯃ Shoubon Leima[27]
ꯌꯦꯟꯈꯣꯝ ꯐꯤꯁꯥꯕꯝ Yenkhom Phisabam ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ (ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ) Awangba[28]
ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡꯁꯪꯕꯝ Luwangshangbam ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡ Luwang Ching (idolized)[29]
ꯁꯤꯅꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯪꯕꯝ Sinam Laishangbam* ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ Lainingthou[30]
ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯊꯦꯝ Moirangthem Puthem* ꯄꯨꯊꯤꯕ Puthiba (idolized)[31]
ꯃꯪꯁꯥꯇꯥꯕꯝ Mangsatabam ꯄꯨꯔꯩꯔꯣꯝꯕ Pureiromba[32]
ꯂꯪꯃꯥꯏꯊꯦꯝ Langmaithem ꯇꯦꯟꯂꯣꯡꯕ Tenlongba[33]
ꯉꯔꯥꯡꯌꯥꯟꯄꯝ Ngarangyanpam ꯊꯣꯡꯉꯥꯛ Thongak[34]
ꯅꯥꯀꯜꯕꯝ Nakalbam ꯆꯤꯡꯀꯣꯜ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ Chingkol Ningthou[35]
ꯈꯨꯔꯥꯏꯖꯝ Khuraijam ꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥꯜ ꯂꯩꯃ Chingbal Leima[36]
ꯃꯩꯌꯦꯡꯕꯝ Meiyengbam ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯩꯕꯤ Yaoreibi[37]
ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ Leishangthem* ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯦꯜ Koubarel[38]
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯝ Ningthoujam* ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯃ Numit Leima[39]
ꯄꯨꯛꯀꯂꯕꯝ Pukkalabam ꯀꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯨ Koubru[40]
ꯆꯦꯡꯂꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯥꯡꯕꯝ Chenglei Laishangbam* ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯡ Marjing[41]
ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ Moirangthem* ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯐꯛꯇꯣꯝ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ Moirang Phaktom Ariba[42]
ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯨꯆꯝ Kangpucham ꯍꯣꯡꯅꯦꯝꯌꯣꯏ ꯈꯨꯟꯖꯥꯎ Hongnemyoi Khunjao[43]
ꯆꯤꯡꯈꯥꯜꯕꯝ Chingkhalbam ꯆꯤꯡꯉꯥ Chinga[44]
ꯂꯣꯡꯖꯝ ꯐꯩꯔꯣꯏꯖꯝ Longjam Pheiroijam ꯂꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ Langjing[45]
ꯇꯦꯛꯆꯝ Tekcham ꯂꯥꯡꯉꯣꯜ Langgol[46]
ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏꯊꯦꯝ Nongmaithem ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏꯆꯤꯡ (ꯂꯪꯃꯥꯏꯆꯤꯡ) Nongmaiching (Langmaiching)[47]
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯝ Ningthoujam* ꯆꯤꯡꯉꯥ ꯂꯩꯃ Chinga Leima[48]
ꯍꯩꯊꯧ ꯈꯣꯡꯇꯦꯛꯆꯝ Heithou Khongtekcham ꯂꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯃ Langching Hiyangthou Leima[49]
ꯊꯥꯎꯄꯤꯆꯝ Thaopicham ꯌꯨꯝꯖꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯃ Yumjao Leima[50]

References
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