Mari Ushem

Mari Ushem (Meadow Mari and Russian: Марий ушем; Hill Mari: Мары ушем, lit. 'Mari Union') is a Russian non-governmental organization, whose activity is dedicated to preservation of the Mari culture.

Mari Ushem
Established1917
1989 (re-established)
TypeNGO
Location
Region served
Mari El
PublicationMari Chang
Websiteмарийушем.рф

Origins

Mari Ushem traces its history back to March 1917, when the first ethnic organizations appeared among the Eastern Mari (north of modern Bashkortostan), followed by the Mari of Tsaryovokokshaysk and Urzhum uyezds. They aimed to provide education for Mari and to bridge the 'culture gap' between the Mari and their neighbours (Russians and Tatars). These groups were united by the Central Mari Union (Mari Ushem) in Kazan. It was banned in December 1918, soon after the Bolsheviks took over Kazan, and the Mari societies were later replaced by Mari sections under local Communist party committees.[1]

Re-establishment

Mari Ushem was re-established in 1989 at the joint meeting of regional offices of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, the Soviet Culture Foundation and Memorial society in Mari ASSR. The inaugural congress was held on 8 April 1990.[2] As of May 2023, the latest Mari Ushem meeting was the 11th Congress, held in April 2020 in Yoshkar-Ola.[3]

Mari National Rebirth Party

Mari National Rebirth Party "Ushem" was a political party in Mari El, founded in December 1994 as the political wing of the Mari Ushem movement.[4] The party had around 300 members.[5] Mari Ushem supported Anatoly Popov in 1991 and 1996 presidential elections in Mari El.[6][7]

References
  1. Tebenko, Vyacheslav (2016). К вопросу о создании Карельской автономии 1920—1923 гг [To the question of the creation of the Karelian autonomy in 1920–1923] (in Russian). p. 9.
  2. Энциклопедия Республики Марий Эл [Encyclopedia of the Republic of Mari El] (in Russian). 2009. p. 502. ISBN 978-5-94950-049-1.
  3. "На съезд мари в Йошкар-Оле соберутся более 400 делегатов" [More than 400 delegates to gather in Yoshkar-Ola at the Mari congress] (in Russian). Mariyskaya Pravda. 2020-01-17. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-04-05.
  4. Ryan, Atticus J.. Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization : yearbook 1997. The Hague;Cambridge: Kluwer Law International, 1998. p. 108.
  5. Simmons, Mary Kate. Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization : yearbook 1995. The Hague;Cambridge: Kluwer Law International, 1996. p. 119.
  6. Ivanov, Vitaly (2019). Глава субъекта Российской Федерации. История губернаторов [Head of the subject of the Russian Federation. History of governors] (in Russian). p. 136. ISBN 978-5-907250-14-7.
  7. "Gubernatorial elections — 1996". politika.su (in Russian).
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