Mobile harassment

Mobile harassment refers to the act of sending any type of text message, sext, photo message, video message, or voicemail from a mobile phone that causes the receiver to feel harassed, threatened, tormented, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise victimized. It is recognized as a form of cyberbullying.

Prevalence

Mobile harassment has emerged as a worldwide trend due to the prevalence of mobile devices. Based on recent studies, harassment through mobile texting is particularly prevalent in the United Kingdom and Australia. In the United States, the Internet is usually used.[1]

In 2009, a survey in the United Kingdom showed that approximately 14 percent of participants reported they had been victims of mobile harassment ranging from name calling, threatening text messages, or photos or videos intended to frighten or intimidate.[2] Another study from Queensland, Australia, found that 93.7 percent of teenagers experienced mobile harassment of some kind. This study concluded that girls tend to experience and perpetrate more mobile bullying than boys. A 2021 study found that there are 1.8% more girls who claim to be cyberbully victims.[3]

Students who identify as transgender are cyberbullied at a rate 11.7% higher than boys and girls who identify with their biological sex.[4] Teenagers who identify as transgender are less likely to commit mobile harassment, while non-heterosexual teenagers are more likely to be victims and be the offenders.

Cyberbullying offending peaks at around 13 years old, but the age of victims peaks at about 14 to 15 years old.[5] Researchers also revealed that about a third of adolescents have been harassed or cyberbullied.[6] The actual number of victims could be higher because some victims do not realize they've experienced mobile harassment, while others do not want to acknowledge it due to a sense of humiliation.[7]

Cases of mobile harassment often transpire outside of school. However, situations where the perpetrators and victims are classmates can cause the harassment to spill over to the students' school environment.[6]

Solutions

In the U.S., there isn't federal legislation that specifically addresses mobile harassment and cyber bullying.[8] However, numerous schools have policies and regulations to prevent mobile harassment. For example, administrators in some schools prohibit students from taking pictures and sharing visual materials within the school premises.[9]

Some schools have also introduced proposals to completely ban the use of mobile devices on school grounds.[10] Waldorf Schools implement a strict anti-technology philosophy meant to eliminate cyberbullying on campus. This strategy has been embraced by many Silicon Valley families, and it is used in more than 1,000 institutions across 91 countries, including 136 schools in the U.S.

Private organizations are also increasingly adopting regulatory policies to prevent mobile harassment. For instance, Facebook adopted internal harassment and bullying policies.[11] The social media company, which is cited as one of the most commonly used networks to harass people,[12] also adopted measures that enable them to "remove content that appears to purposefully target private individuals with the intention of degrading or shaming them.”[13]

Awareness

In November 2009, LG Mobile Phones released an advertising campaign in the United States that used humor to encourage teens to think before they text. The adverts were produced by DiGennaro Communications and featured James Lipton with the tagline “Before you text, give it a ponder.[14]

The television show Gossip Girl contains many episodes with storylines that revolve around misinterpreted or questionable text messages.

References
  1. Morgan, Konrad; Brebbia, C.A.; Spector, Michael (2016). The Internet Society II: Advances in Education, Commerce & Governance. Boston: WIT Press. p. 155. ISBN 978-1845641702.
  2. Conwell, Chris (2009). Cyber Bullying. UK.
  3. Drennan, Judy, Mark Brown, and Gillian Sullivan Mort. 2007. The Impact of M-Bullying on Self-Esteem and Subjective Well Being Archived 2014-03-22 at the Wayback Machine Social Entrepreneurship, Social Change and Sustainability: Proceedings of the 2007 International nonprofit and Social Marketing Conference, Brisbane, Australia
  4. "Cyberbullying Statistics 2021 | Age, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Race". Cyberbullying Research Center. 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
  5. "Cyberbullying Statistics 2021 | Age, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Race". Cyberbullying Research Center. 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
  6. Zheng, Yan (2015). Encyclopedia of Mobile Phone Behavior. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. p. 533. ISBN 9781466682399.
  7. Katz, Adrienne (2012). Cyberbullying and E-safety: What Educators and Other Professionals Need to Know. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 25. ISBN 9781849052764.
  8. "Laws Against Cyberbullying – A Complete Guide". TopLegalFirm.org. 29 July 2021.
  9. Greener, Sue; Rospigliosi, Asher (2012). Electronic Journal of E-Learning: EJEL. Academic Conferences Limited. p. 332.
  10. Baker, Jordan (2018-06-21). "'Massively overdue' smartphone review to tackle predators, cyberbullies". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2018-07-12.
  11. "Responding to Workplace Complaints | FB People Practices". Retrieved 2018-07-12.
  12. Thompson, Rachel. "Facebook is no longer the worst social network for online bullying". Mashable. Retrieved 2018-07-12.
  13. "Tech giants are failing to address cyber-bullying, pushing children to brink: Inquiry". NewsComAu. Retrieved 2018-07-12.
  14. "LG Give It a Ponder". Ads of the World. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
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