People of the Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein Organization

People of the Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein Organization is a list of participants, associates and helpers of the Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein Organization, which was one of the largest anti-nazi resistance organisations that came into existence during World War II in Germany.[1] It was formed in Berlin and had contacts to many other regions that hosted industrial manufacturing. It is therefore also referred to in the literature as the operational leadership of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). However, it was not only communists among the groups of the Saefkov Jacob Bästlein organisation. The 506 known persons included about 200 before 1933 to the KPD, 22 to the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) or to the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAP) and around 200 were non-party; one in four was a woman. 160 men and women were unionized before 1933, more than 60 of them in the German Metal Workers' Union (DMV).[1] The local or region is indicated for the people who worked outside Berlin and Brandenburg.

A
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Hans Ackermann Retired civil servant Argus. Hid Max Krakauer and his wife in tents, helped to procure identity cards and gave shelter to two other Jewish women. [2]
Paul Albrecht toolmaker Kärger AG Worked with the toolmaker August Ditzell, labourer Herbert Hirl, and the locksmiths Bruno Lauermann and Otto Rosentreter to resist in the 600 person company.[3]
Bernhard Almstadt (1897-1944) Managing director of the Arbeiter-Sport-Verlag, KPD member 12 July 1944 and sentenced to death on the 19th Executed on 6 November 1944 in the Brandenburg-Görden penitentiary Courier, participated in the dissemination of the illegal paper, Die Innere Front (The Inner Front). [4]
Judith Auer (1905-1944) Stenographer, KPD member Kabelwerk Oberspree Arrested 7 July 1944 Executed in October 1944 in Plötzensee Prison by hanging Worked with Fritz Plön to organise resistance. Eventually managed the Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein group finances and acted as a courier while on company business trips.[5]

B
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Ellie Bänsch (1909-1974) Seamstress 4 December 1944, sentenced to five years in prison for "aid to preperation for high treason". Survived the war Wife of Willhelm Bänsch.[6]
Marth Bänsch (1912-?) Houswife, KVJD member 4 December 1944, sentenced to five years in prison for "aid to preperation for high treason" Sister of Willi Bänsch.[6]
Willhelm Bänsch (1908-1944) Locksmith, KJVD member Arrested 12 November 1944, sentenced to death in December 1944 Executed in Brandenburg-Görden prison on 11 December 1944 Worked with the KPD to distribute illegal leaflets. [7][8]
Bernhard Bästlein (1894-1944) Precision mechanic, KPD member Arrested 30 May 1944 and sentenced to death on 5 September 1944 for "preparation for high treason, enemy favour and defence decomposition" Executed on 18 September 1944 at Brandenburg-Görden Prison. Organiser of the Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group.[9]
Karl Baier (1887-1973) Carpenter, later politician. SAPD member Arrested on 22 August 1933 Sentenced on 5 December 1934 to 2 and a half years in prison by the 2nd senate of the Volksgerichtshof. Organised the exchange of information, the collection of money and food stamps for Nazi opponents and Jewish families.[10]
Julius Balkow (1909-1973) Mechanical engineer Siemens Arrested on 20 In July 1944 by the Gestapo Sentenced to 7 years in prison by the Volksgerichtshof "for the reason of favour and preparation for high treason". Liberated by the Red Army on April 1945. He was active there in the group leadership and passed on money and food stamps to Saefkow.[11]
Paul Bartsch (1885-?) Lathe operator, KPD member Arrested 9 August 1944 Sentenced to three years in prison for paying Red Aid contributions. Carried out courier services to procure money and food stamps.[12]
Walter Basalay Gardener Sentenced to two years in prison [13]
Gustav Basse (1894-1944) Fitter, engineer. KPD member Nicolaus & Co Arrested 16 July 1944 On September 1944 sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof. Executed in Brandenburg-Görden prison on 6 November 1944. Supplied underground communist newspapers and other publications to resistance members.[14]
Reinhard Baum (1902-?) Mechanic and technician FA. Bosse Sentenced to five years in prison. [15][16]
Richard Bergow Plasterer and manager Askania Arrested on 12 July 1944 and sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof Survived pre-trial detention by being liberated on 14 April 1945 One of the three-man leadership team in Askania along with Paul Junius and Paul Hirsch. Ran the 60 member resistance group in the factory.[17]
Ernst Beuthke (1903-1943) Warehouse man, KPD member, Soviet parachutist. Siemens Arrested with his wife after returning from the USSR and exposing himself in the Little Moscow garden colony. Shot without trial in Sachsenhausen concentration camp Killed by what the Nazis called Sippenhaft, whereby they were inclined to kill the whole family in revenge whenever a Red Orchestra member was discovered. Shot without trial.[18]
Charlotte Bischoff (1901-1944) Stenographer, KPD member Survived the war Participated in the dissemination of the illegal paper, Die Innere Front. SED functionary. [19]
Margarete Blank (1901-1945) Leipzig, doctor Arrested 14 July 1944 as a "Bolshevik spy and agent" 6th Senate of the Volksgerichtshof sentenced Blank to death on 15 December 1944. Executed in the courtyard of the court. Looked after the children of arrested anti-fascists. Linked to the resistance group of Alfred Frank in 1935, but not active as a resistance fighter. Enunciated doubts about the final victory and a colleague informed on her, leading to her arrest.[20]
Willi Bolien (1907-1944) Plumber, KPD member Hans Windhoff Apparate- und Maschinenfabrik AG Arrested on 13 October 1944 Died on 14 October 1944 by jumping out a window of Gestapo headquarters Established a resistance group at the factory and supplied underground publications and pamphlets to the factory.[21]
Max Borrack (1901-1945) Commercial representative for wine company. SPD member Arrested in April 1944. Sentenced to death for "preparation for high treason in difficult form" On the 19 February 1945, he was executed in Brandenburg-Görden Prison Belonged to group around Paul Hinze. [22]
Marta Borrack Sentenced to two years in prison for not reporting wherabouts of Paul Hinze. Wife of Max Borrack
Wilhelm Bösch (1897-1945) Machine fitter AEG Turbine in Moabit Arrested April 1945 Sentenced to death for "decomposition of military strength" and "preparation for high treason". Executed in Plötzensee Prison on 6 April 1945 Member of resistance group in the AEG factory. Worked with Richard Klotzbücher to undermine factory.[23]
Bruno Braun (1901-1990) Daimler-Benz AG Arrested on September 1944 Remained in custody until the end of the war In a resistance cell with Paul Klimmek and Robert Uhrig. Worked to undermine the factory.[24][25]
Hermann Bruse (1904-1953) Painter and graphic artist. KPD member First arrested 1934, released 1937. Arrested again in 1944 Survived the war due to the advancing Allied army. Member of the Rote Hilfe group, later the Danz-Schwantes Group. Created illustrations and drawings for the underground communist KPD newspaper Tribüne.[26]
Richard Budach (1901-?) Lathe operator, KPD member AEG Wildau Sentenced to 4 years in prison [27]
Gustav Boguslawski (1895-1971) Locksmith. KPD member FA. Ludwig Loewe Survived the war Disributed leaflets and underground KPD publications to factory workers.[28]

C
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Martha von Ceminski (1905-1978) Workshop clerk, KPD member and liaison Askania Arrested 11 July 1944 Sent to Ravensbrück concentration camp and liberated 1 May 1945 by the Red Army Ceminski was a workshop clerk that enabled her to speak to may different groups in the Askania factory. When they began to resist, she established the connection to the KPD. Her fiance Rudi Grosse was killed by the Gestapo, in a supposed accident.[29]
Gerhard Churfürst Painter and draughtsman Alkett Altmärkisches Kettenwerk Supported Jewish communities with money, food and identity papers.[30]

D
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Hermann Danz (1906–1945) Blacksmith, KPD member, Comintern agent Arrested on 9 July 1944. Sentenced to death on November 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof. Executed at Brandenburg-Görden Prison on 5 February 1944 KPD organiser in Magdeburg.[31]
Erich Dawideit (1909-?) Metal worker Siemens Dynamo plant Arrested in 1938 and sentenced three and half years prison due to "mass propaganda". In 1943, drafted into 999th Light Afrika Division (Wehrmacht) penal battalion. In 1945 was captured and died in Veles under unclear circumstances Worked with an illegal group in the Siemens plant. He collected money and food for the resistance. One of the most active organisers in the group.[32]
Werner Deckers (1913-1993) Sales representative and later soldier Arrested on 17 July 1944. Sentenced to 7 years in prison due to his association with the Saefkow group Survived the war when on 27 April 27, 1945 was liberated by the Red Army in the prison in Potsdam. Working-class professional athelete who turned to resistance. Collected money and food for illegal immigrants and distributed leaflets with his sister Helene.[33]
Walter Demant (1900–?) KPD member. Instructor at Red Aid before 1933 Argus Motoren where he led interventions to sabotage products Red Aid Communist instructor in agitprop. At Argus worked along with his fellow collaborators to paralyse war production.[34]
Franz Demuth (1895-1971) Editor, KPD member and secretary Hamburger Volkszeitung, later March to April 1933 in Sonnenburg concentration camp. Survived the war Communist activist who resisted with Georg Dünninghaus, Jakob Schlör, Willi Schönbeck, Albert Almstedt, Otto Marquardt and Karl Baier.[35]
Arthur Deutschmann NKFD member Daimler-Benz AG Ran a propaganda campaign along with Bruno Braun. [36]
Georg Dimentstein (1897-1897) Fine artist and commercial artist Bruns & Stauff GmbH, United Graphische Kunstanstalten. Arrested on 17 August 1944. As he was jewish, he was sent straight to a concentration camp 6 January 1945 shot dead in Sachsenhausen concentration camp Worked with the engineer Hugo Kapteina and Hans Lippmann, Arthur Grimmer, Reinhold Hermann. [37]
August Ditzell Toolmaker Kärger AG, KPD member [38]
Heinz Dohrenberg (1910-?) Appointment clerk Sentenced to 10 years in prison [39]
Rudolf Drabinski (1919-?) Industrial clerk, later drafted Müller Gummiwaren AG Helped to improve the lifes of Soviet and French forced labourers at Müller Gummiwaren AG. Later drafted into the Wehrmacht, but was then able to provide security to his former resistance cell, as he was in uniform.[40]
Arthur Drelse (1896–?) Lathe operator
Alfred Drüsener (?–1943) Part of a group of thirty people who resisted Siemens Plania. Part of a group led by Fritz Goll, who collected money, food and food stamps for forced labourers who worked in Siemens.[41]
Heinz Drzymala (1918-1944) Toolmaker, KPD Member Alfred Teves Arrested on 10 August 1944 Sentenced to death on 10 October 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof. Executed on 27. November 1944 at Brandenburg-Görden prison He distributed leaflets and collected money and food for those living illegally. Established a cell in the Alfred Teves factory. Worked as the liaison to the organisation. However, when a list of donations he kept in small book was discovered by the Gestapo, he was arrested.[42]

E
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Max Eckert Knorr-Bremse Worked with Ernst Klein, Jahn Masek, Gustav Schlaupitz, Richard Weißensteiner as well as Fritz Giersch but could do little in the large factory.[43]
Peter Paul Eickmeier (1890-1962) Commercial artist and political cartoonist, KPD member Deutsche Volkszeitung, Berliner Zeitung, Neues Deutschland newspapers Arrested multiple times Survived the war Co-publisher of the semi-legal newspaper "Welt und Leben" (World and Life) and the illegal newspaper "Der Maulwurf" (The mole). After the war Eickmeier had a successful career in a number of East German newspapers as a press draughtsmen.[44]
Fritz Emrich (1894–1947) Bricklayer, Politician, KPD member Schneider Survived the war KPD functionary. Originally theReichsleiter of the Revolutionären Gewerkschafts-Opposition in 1930, later KPD politician. Arrested in 1933 as a communist until 1936. Worked with the KPD during the interwar period and when the war started, became a resistance fighter when he joined forces with the group associated with Anton Saefkow.[45][46]
Hertha Engel
Otto Engert (1895–1945) Carpenter, Politician, KPD member Arrested July 1944 Sentenced to death and executed on the 11 January 1945 in the courtyard in Dresden Regional Court In the early-to-mid 1930's worked with Georg Schumann and Kurt Kresse. During the war worked with Theodor Neubauer and Magnus Poser. Later during the war wrote leaflets calling for the end of the Nazi regime.[47]
Helene Ettig Housewife Survived the war Made her apartment available for illegal meetings and fugtives.[48]

F
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Erich Fähling (1899–1981) Printer, SAP member, instructor Bertinetti Went into hiding when the arrests of the group started Survived the war Worked as a Socialist Workers' Party of Germany functionary.[49]
Theodor Feuerherdt (1893-1970) Fitter, KPD member Askania Arrested in 1944 Sentenced to three years for paying contributions to International Red Aid. Survived the war Contacted the SPD while working in the Askania factories but no resistance formed so contacted KPD. Worked to carry out acts of sabotage in every form,

distributing illegal leaflets, establishing contacts with like-minded people and to organize collections for the surviving dependents of political prisoners.[50]

Margarethe Fischer (1910–1999) KPD member Arrested on 15 November 1934 Sent to Moringen concentration camp Survived the war Margarete Fischer was the organiser of the residential party cell "Ebert-Siedlung" in the western part of the district. She worked illegally with August Creutzburg, a former Reichstag deputy, and was imprisoned in March 1934 along with her family due to the Schwalbach group's activities. She was released at the end of the year due to the Hindenburg amnesty.[51]
Hans Fischer Askania [52]
Margarete Fischer
Herbert Förster
Siegfried Forstreuter (1914–1944) Turner Zahnradfabrik Friedrich Stolzenberg & Co. Arrested in July 1944 On 30 October 1944, Forstreuter was exected in Brandenburg penitentiary Supplied into the Heereszeugamt. Part of a resistance cell with Karl Lüdtke, Harry Harder and Waldemar Hentze and Max Sauer who was the main contact with Saefkow.[53]
Alfred Frank (1884–1945) Artist and graphic artist. KPD member Created and produced linocuts, pamphlets, leaflets and posters for the KPD Arrested on 19 July 1944 Executed in the courtyard of Dresden regional court on 12 January 1945. In 1935/36, together with other intellectuals such as Margarete Blank, Wolfgang Heinze and Georg Sacke, he founded a resistance group that joined the Schumann-Engert-Kresse group around Georg Schumann, Georg Schumann, Otto Engert and Kurt Kresse at the beginning of World War II.[54]
Erwin Freyer
Karl Fübinger (1900-1944) Mechanical engineer The Teves machinery and valves factory Arrested on 17 August 1942 Sentenced to death on 14 December 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof. Executed in Brandenburg-Görden Prison. Established a resistance group at the factory where he arranged six cells with about forty member. They made contact in Saefkow in 1941.[55]

G
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Fritz Giersch (1915-1981) Locksmith, KPD member Knorr-Bremse Sent to a penal battalion. Survived the war. Later worked for the German Economic Commission and in a government ministry of the GDR Worked with Max Eckert, Ernst Klein, Jahn Masek, Gustav Schlaupitz, Richard Weißensteiner. Resistance efforts had little real effect.[56]
Werner Goethert KPD member Hasse & Wrede Established 10 resistance cells of three people each by 1944.[57]
Otto Gohlke (1886-1945) Bricklayer, KPD member Allemeine Werkzeugmaschinen AG Part of a group along with Bernhard Jeschkeit and Erdmann Meyer.[58][59]
Fritz Goll (1897–1985) Tailor, KPD member Siemens-Plania Survived the war Group leader of resistance network in the factory. Main liaison to the Saefkow organization. Distributed underground pamphlets among trusted colleagues.[60]
Fritz Goltz (1914–1984) Schneider, Argus (Reinickendorf). Survived the war Worked as the leader in the operational area of the north and east of the Berlin. Group organiser.[61][62]
Max Grabowski (1897–1981) Painter and graphic designer, KPD member Survived the war Printed the "Die Innere Front" leaflet in his paint store.[63]
Otto Grabowski (1892–1961) Locksmith and later sculptor. KPD member, Red Aid member Survived the war Worked with the Red Aid until 1934. Linked to John Sieg and helped to produce the "Die Innere Front" magazine. Drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1944. [64]
Otto Grabowski (1901-1944) Turner KPD member Berliner Maschinenbau AG, before. L. Schwartzkopff (BMAG) in Wildau Arrested on 21 May 1943 and sentenced to death on 30 March 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof Executed in 10 July 1944 in Brandenburg-Görden Prison
Otto Gresch Model carpenter Arrested in July 1944 Sentenced to 12 years in prison. Liberated in April 1945 and survived the war Worked as a courier distributing underground leaflets and posters. Worked with Herbert Fölster and Helmut Wagner.[65]
Arthur Grimmer Painter Alkett. Collaborated with Hugo Kapteina to establish a resistance cell in Alkett.[66]
Grete Groh-Kummerlöw (1909–1980) Textile worker, KVJD member, KPD member, later politician Arrested on 10 August 1944 in connection with the 20 July plot Charged with "preparation for high treason". Was to stand trial but liberated on 27 April 1945 by the Red Army. Through Kurt Sindermann, made contact with the organisation around Anton Saefkow.[67]
Richard Grubitz (1914-2005) Bookbinder, resistance fighter Survived the war Contacted the organisation through Hans Paucka. Worked with Saefkow on several operations and hid several resistance fighters at his home. [68][69]
Melchior Gruda (1886-1945) Baker later pipe-layer Arrested in August 1944. Sentenced in the SS Court Main Office in Munich. Released in April 1945 along with all other political prisoners. Died on 30 April 1945 during fighting in Prenzlauer Berg Sergeant of the air protection police in the Prenzlauer Berg section command. Started to resist in autumn 1944. Worked closely with Helmut Wagner from the military-political branch of the Saefkow organization[70]

H
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Auguste Haase (1899–1945) Domestic worker Bergmann. Head of the companies forced labour camp Arrested 3 August 1944 by the Gestapo. Sentenced to death. Executed at Barnimstraße Women's Prison in December 1944 Supported Soviet and French forced labourers in the camp.[71]
Bruno Hämmerling (1896–1944) Plumber, KPD functionary Arrested on 6 July 1944 and Sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof on 31 August 1944. Executed on executed 30 October 1944. Sentenced on the same day as Judith Auer and Franz Schmidt.[72]
Harry Harder (1904-1944) Stolzenberg factory in Berlin Executed 4 November 1944 Worked with Karl Lüdtke and Waldemar Hentze and Max Sauer.[73]
Otto Hartmann Siemens Plania Part of a group of resistance fighters at Siemens, led by Fritz Goll.[74]
Hedwig Hartung (1914-1945) Nursery teacher, resistance fighter Arrested 15 July 1944 Acquitted on 18 September 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof. Sent to a concentration camp but released in December 1944 due to life-threatening illness. Succumbed to heart failure in February 1945 due to her imprisonment. SPD and SAP member. Part of a resistance group associated with Elisabeth Schumacher. Later formed a resistance cell while working in the propaganda department of the OKW along with Heinrich Werner.[75]
Auguste Hegenbarth
Paul Hegenbarth (1884-1945) Upholsterer and saddler, KPD member Arrested on 17 August 1944 Sentenced to death on 18 January 1945 and executed on 26 February 1946 KPD instructor in Agitprop in the district of Berlin. Worked with Wilhelm Heinze and Julius Wordelmann. Donated money and food to resistance fighter in hiding. Distributed leaflets.[76]
Willi Heinze (1910–1945) Tailor, KPD functionary Arrested in August 1944 On 18 January 194 sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof. Distributed pamphlets. Worked with Robert Uhrig and Wilhelm Selke. Liaised with the Saefkow organisation.[77]
Wolfgang Heinze (1911–1945) Lawyer Köllmann Werkzeugfabrik GmbH Arrested in August 1944. Sentenced to death on 12 August 1944 Executed in January 1945 in the courtyard of Dresden Regional Court. Worked with Alfred Frank to resist the Nazis. In Leipzig, he was involved in the publication of an illegal newspaper. For the forced labourers employed in the company of the Köllmann-Werke, he organised food, clothing and medicines and tried to disrupt the production of parts of the armour there.[78]
Waldemar Hentze (1902-1945) KPD member Friedrich Stolzenberg & Co Arrested on 11 July 1944 On 14 December 1944 the 1st senate of the Volksgerichtshof to three years in prison. Worked in a resistance cell at the factory along with Max Sauer and Siegfried Forstreuter.[79]
Reinhold Hermann (1885–1945)
Willy Hielscher (1904–1945)
Gerhard Hildebrandt
Paul Hinze (1906–1945)
Herbert Hirl
Paul Hirsch (1907–1945)
Georg Hirschberg
Martin Hirschberg
Adolf Hofmann
Josef Höhn (1902–1945)
Arthur Hoffmann (1900–1945)
Walter Homann (1906-1945)
Cäsar Horn (1914–1945)
Erwin Hübenthal
Richard Huwe

I
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
August Imhof (1876-?) former Secretary of the bookbinders' association [80]

J
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes
Franz Jacob (1906–1944) Machinist
Herbert Jacobi Entrepreneur and welder
Max Jacobi (1890-? Ludwig Loewe
Otto Jahn Painter Hasse & Wrede in Marzahn
Alfred Janitzky (1904–1969) Machinist AEG Turbine in Moabit
Erich Janke FA. Ludwig Loewe
Hans Jendretzky (1897–1992) Locksmith
Bernhard Jeschkeit
Wilhelm Jungmittag (1908-1944) Typesetter
Paul Junius (1901–1944) Machinist Askania Werke Sentenced to death. Executed at Brandenburg-Görden penitentiary.
Werner Jurr

K
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

L
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

M
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

N
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

O
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

P
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

Q
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

R
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

S
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

T
Name Life Employment Position Arrested Fate Notes

See also

References
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