Power system reliability

The power system reliability is the probability of a normal operation of the electrical grid at a given time. Reliability indices characterize the ability of the electrical system to supply customers with electricity as needed[1] by measuring the frequency, duration, and scale of supply interruptions.[2] Traditionally two interdependent components of the power system reliability are considered:[1]

  • power system adequacy, a presence in the system of sufficient amounts of generation and transmission capacity;
  • power system security (also called operational reliability[3]), an ability of the system to withstand real-time contingencies (adverse events, e.g., an unexpected loss of generation capacity).[4]

Ability of the system to limit the scale and duration of an power interruptions is called resiliency. The same term is also used to describe the reaction of the system to the truly catastrophic events.[4]

Economics

Electric grid is an extremely important piece of infrastructure; a single daylong nationwide power outage can shave off 0.5% of the country's GDP. The cost of improvements is also high, so in practice a balance is sought to reach an "adequate level of reliability" at an acceptable cost.[2]

Adequacy
Main article: Resource adequacy

References
  1. Heylen et al. 2018, p. 22.
  2. Heylen et al. 2018, p. 21.
  3. Prada 2017, p. 5.
  4. Geocaris 2022.

Sources
  • Heylen, Evelyn; De Boeck, Steven; Ovaere, Marten; Ergun, Hakan; Van Hertem, Dirk (26 January 2018). "Steady-State Security". Dynamic Vulnerability Assessment and Intelligent Control for Sustainable Power Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. pp. 21–40. doi:10.1002/9781119214984.ch2.
  • Geocaris, Madeline (August 10, 2022). "Assessing Power System Reliability in a Changing Grid, Environment". NREL.gov. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  • Prada, Jose Fernando (2017). Ensuring the Reliable Operation of the Power Grid: State-Based and Distributed Approaches to Scheduling Energy and Contingency Reserves (PhD). Carnegie Mellon University.
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