Rosedale, North Yorkshire

Rosedale is a valley located almost in the centre of the North York Moors national park in North Yorkshire, England. The nearest town is Kirkbymoorside, some 7 miles (11 km) to the south. Rosedale is surrounded by moorland. To the north-west sits Blakey Ridge at over 1,300 feet (400 m) above sea level. At Dale Head is the source of the River Seven,which flows down the valley to join the River Rye at Little Habton near Malton. At its southern end Rosedale is squeezed between Spaunton Moor and Hartoft Rigg, where the river flows out through Forestry Commission woodland before passing the village of Cropton to reach the plains of the Vale of Pickering.

View towards Rosedale Abbey

The modern village of Rosedale Abbey, built around the site of a former Cistercian Priory[1] is the main settlement in the valley. There is also a small hamlet at Thorgill.

Natural England maps

Maps for Rosedale showing Access, Designations and other criteria from Natural England:

Rosedale Head maps

Rosedale Abbey maps
  • MAGiC MaP : Thorgill – Rosedale West Side – Rosedale East Side. [10] [7]

Ironstone mine maps
  • MAGiC MaP : Ironstone mine – Rosedale East. [15] [7]
  • MAGiC MaP : Ironstone mine – Rosedale West. [16] [7]

Name

Name history

There was no mention of Rosedale in the Domesday Book of 1086 A.D. [lower-alpha 8]

However the name Rozebi [lower-alpha 11] [lower-alpha 13] is shown in the paragraph for Pickering. [lower-alpha 15]

Survey of English Place-Names : [21]

  • Russedal(e) 1130[21]
  • Rossedal(e) 1186[21]
  • Rossdale 1328[21]
  • Rosedale, Rosedall 1376[21]

Name toponym

The toponym might be:

The name element dale is from Old Norse dalr or Middle English dale. [lower-alpha 17] [lower-alpha 18]

The name element rose is from Brittonic < rōs > and might be a reference to Blakey Ridge that defines the west side of the dale.

The name might have a Cornish influence since " Rose " place names are very common in Cornwall. [lower-alpha 19] The Cornish language was introduced into the area by the migration of tin miners from Cornwall. The majority of those came during the Cornish diaspora, [lower-alpha 20] [lower-alpha 21] however place name evidence suggests that Cornish miners might have arrived at an earlier date.[lower-alpha 22]

Examples of place names that might have a similar etymology:

History
Ruins of calcining kilns near Rosedale East Ironstone Mine

Mining
Main article: Ironstone mining in Rosedale

The extraction of ironstone probably began during the Roman period. [lower-alpha 25] [lower-alpha 26]

In the late 19th century the valley quickly became a major centre for iron-ore extraction. [lower-alpha 27] [lower-alpha 28] Mining took place from 1857[25] to 1928.[26] The ore was pre-processed by calcination, for which special kilns were built.[25]

The mines were served by the freight-only Rosedale Branch railway line that ran round the head of the valley, serving mine workings on either side, and across the moors to reach what is now the Esk Valley Line at Battersby Junction.[27][28] The railway line closed in 1929 after the last of the calcine dust extracted from the kiln waste had been sold.[26]

Rosedale Chimney Bank, one of the steepest roads in the United Kingdom,[29] provides a popular entrance point into the valley. A row of disused kilns and a former Royal Observer Corps Underground Monitoring Post[30] are both situated yards from its summit. In the adjacent Farndale Valley wild daffodils bloom around Easter time.[31]

Governance (19th century)

Historically the governance of Rosedale was split east–west by the River Seven.

In the 19th century Rosedale East Side was in the parish of Middleton and the wapentake of Pickering – Lythe ,[lower-alpha 29] while Rosedale West Side was in the parish of Lastingham and the wapentake of Ryedale. [lower-alpha 30]

Name Parish Wapentake[lower-alpha 31] Population[32]
Rosedale East Side Middleton Pickering – Lythe 339
Rosedale West Side Lastingham Ryedale 179

Recent history

Few inhabitants of Rosedale work in farming. The majority of houses are bought as second homes and as such the permanent local population has been significantly reduced.

In mid-August Rosedale Show is held at Rosedale Abbey and attracts some 5,000 people from all parts of Britain. The show dates back to 1871 and is one of the oldest in North Yorkshire.[33][34]

The Frank Elgee memorial was erected in 1953 at Blakey Ridge on The North York Moors, overlooking Loose Howe at Rosedale Head.[35]

See also

References

Notes
  1. WiKtionary : < seavy > " overgrown with rushes ".
  2. WiKtionary : Old Norse < sef > " sedge or rush ".
  3. Reeking Gill is a tributary of the River Seven and rises on Seavey Hill. The name Seven is a variation of local dialect seavy. [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2]
  4. Rosedale Head - Scheduled Monuments
    • TOP LEFT – Old Ralph cross
    • Young Ralph cross
    • Western howes
    • BOTTOM – Flat howe.
  5. OLD RALPH CROSS (Historic England).[8] . . .List Entry Summary: List Entry Description:
    • Wayside cross, possibly C11.
    • Hard gritstone.
    • Large, worn, roughly-shaped base.
    • Monolith cross with much-weathered interlace covering front and back.
    • About 6 feet tall.
    • Has been broken in one place and repaired; and cemented into its socket.
  6. PRIORY REMAINS (Historic England).[14] . . .List Entry Summary:
  7. See Rosedale Abbey > Rosedale Priory.
  8. Parishes: Middleton ( William Page ).[17] . .No mention of ROSEDALE. . .is found in the Domesday Book. It must, however, have been in the king's hands together with Middleton [18] and Cropton, for these places afterwards formed part of the honour of Rosedale. The first lord of this fee was Turgis Brundos, lord of Liddell, who is styled Turgis de Rosedale in a charter of about 1125. He died before 1130–1 and was succeeded by William his son, founder of Rosedale Priory for nuns of the Cistercian order. . .[17]
  9. Note the different meanings:
    • " homestead "[19] from Norway (Old West Norse)
    • " village "[19] from Denmark (Old East Norse)
    • " boundary "[19]
  10. Chapter Seven THE SCANDINAVIAN ELEMENT (P H Reaney) [19] < -by > . . .The element '-by' is extremely common wherever the Scandinavian's settled in England, particularly in: . . .In England the usual meaning is " village "[19] [lower-alpha 9]
  11. The name element '-by' ( " village " ) suggests Old Norse influence. [lower-alpha 10]
  12. See Roose , Cumbria > . . .Roose was pronounced with a hard S, as in goose; now it is locally pronounced 'Rooze', due to the Cornish accent.
  13. Note the spelling with a 'Z', suggesting a Cornish or Brittonic influence. [lower-alpha 12]
  14. See Rosedale > History > Governance (19th century) > . . .Pickering – Lythe
  15. Historically Rosedale was in the parish of Middleton and the wapentake of Pickering – Lythe. [lower-alpha 14] The place name Rozebi is shown on line 10 of paragraph 4 on Page 3 Yorkshire in the Domesday Book. Middleton is shown on line 12 of the same paragraph.[20]
  16. Brittonic Language ( Alan James ) < rōs >.[22] .Proto-Semitic root *ra'š
    • " headland, promontory "
    . . .Watson, CPNS p.116
    • " something forth-standing "
    . . .Sanskrit prastha
    • " something spread out "
    • " something that can be proceeded across "
    . . . so a broader sense
    • " high but relatively level ground "
    • " upland pasture, moorland "
    . . .[22]
  17. WiKtionary : Old Norse < dalr > " dale, valley ".
  18. WiKtionary : Middle English < dale > " dale, valley ".
  19. Chapter Five THE CELTIC ELEMENT (P H Reaney) Cornish < ros >.[23] .originally " projection, hill, hill spur ". . .later " hill covered with heath ". . .Among the numerous examples are:
    • Roose, Rose, Rowse
    • Rosecare
    • Roskear, " hill-fort " < caer >
    • Roseglos, " hill church " < eglos >
    • Rosemullian
    • Rosewarne, " hill with alder grove " < gwerne >
    • Treskilling (Roskelin 1251), " holly hill " < celin >
    • Tresmarrow (Rosmarc 1201), " horse hill " < margh >
    • Penrose
    • Trerose
    . . .[23]
  20. See Cornish diaspora > United Kingdom > . . .Ironstone mining in Cleveland. . .
  21. Note the Cornish place name Trennet ( " new home " ) at Raisdale near Chop Gate. See Rosedale > Name > Examples > Raisdale.
  22. See Ironstone mining in Cleveland and North Yorkshire > Early history > Killing Pits from Cornish kelin " holly ".
  23. Etymology for Trennet: See also:
  24. Note the Cornish name Trennet ( " new home " ) [lower-alpha 23]
  25. See Ironstone mining in Cleveland and North Yorkshire > History > References > . . .Wilson, P R (2016)
  26. See also Mining in Roman Britain > Iron mining
  27. See Ironstone mining in Rosedale
  28. Parishes: Middleton ( William Page ).[17] . .there are ironstone mines on Rosedale Moor, a vein of great richness having been discovered some years ago, but being now nearly exhausted. Jet, alum shale, cement stones and excellent freestone are found in Rosedale, as well as coal, which, however, is no longer worked. . . .[17]
  29. ROSEDALE, EAST-SIDE ( Thomas Langdale ).[32] . .in the parish of Middleton , wapentake of Pickering-Lytbe - Pop. 339. . . .[32]
  30. ROSEDALE, WEST-SIDE ( Thomas Langdale ).[32] . .in the parish of Lastingham , wapentake of Rydale - Pop. 179 . . .[32]
  31. See List of wapentakes in Yorkshire

Citations
  1. "Rosedale History". Rosedale Abbey. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  2. "MAGiC MaP : Rosedale Head". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  3. Mapping criteria : See Table of Contents:
    • Designations > Moorland Line
    Use Table of Contents for Colour Mapping
  5. "MAGiC MaP : Reeking Gill". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  6. "MAGiC MaP : Rosedale Head - Ralph cross". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  7. Mapping criteria : See Table of Contents:
    • Administrative Geographies > Parish boundary.
    • Designations > Scheduled Monument.
    • Designations > Listed Buildings.
    Use Table of Contents for Colour Mapping
  9. "MAGiC MaP : Thorgill". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  10. "MAGiC MaP : Thorgill – Parish boundary". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  11. "MAGiC MaP : Rosedale Abbey – Listed buildings". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  12. Mapping criteria : See Table of Contents:
    • Designations > Listed Buildings.
    Use Table of Contents for Colour Mapping
  13. "MAGiC MaP : Rosedale Priory – Grid ref SE724959". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  15. "MAGiC MaP : Ironstone mine – Rosedale East". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  16. "MAGiC MaP : Ironstone mine – Rosedale West". Natural England, Magic in the Cloud.
  17. Page 1923, pp. 453–461.
  19. Reaney 1969, p. 171-172.
  22. James 2019, p. 256.
  23. Reaney 1969, p. 95.
  24. Pawley White 1972, pp. 95–96.
  25. "Abandoned Communities. Rosedale. One". Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  26. "Abandoned Communities. Rosedale. Five". Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  27. Brown, Adrian (31 March 2008). "East Mines at Rosedale". BBC North Yorkshire. Retrieved 16 January 2014.
  28. "Rosedale Mines & Tramway Site records". Subterranea Britannica. Retrieved 16 January 2014.
  29. "Taking on the chimney climb". Darlington and Stockton Times. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  30. "Rosedale ROC Post". Subterranea Britannica. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  31. "Weekend Walk: Farndale Daffodils Walk". The Yorkshire Post. 16 April 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
  32. Langdale 1822, p. 96.
  33. "Our Rosedale Abbey". rosedalaeabbey.com. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
  34. Blackburne, Linda (15 August 2008). "Village searches its history for the 'women of steel'". The Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
  35. "Frank Elgee Memorial, Blakey Ridge". Hidden Teesside. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

Sources
  • Jennings, Bernard (1999). The Yorkshire Monasteries: Cloister, Land and People. Smith Settle. ISBN 9781858251059.
  • Pawley White, Gunwyn (1972). A Handbook of Cornish Surnames. G. PAWLEY WHITE, Camborne.
  • Langdale, Thomas (1822). A Topographical Dictionary of Yorkshire. LANGDALE.

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