Sami Sharaf

Sami Sharaf (20 April 1929 – 23 January 2023) was an Egyptian military officer who held various posts during the presidency of Gamal Abdel Nasser. His public roles ended in May 1971 when he was arrested and then imprisoned by the Egyptian authorities in the period of Anwar Sadat.

Sami Sharaf
Sharaf in 1970
Minister of State for Presidential Affairs
In office
28 September 1961 – May 1971
President
Personal details
Born(1929-04-20)20 April 1929
Heliopolis, Cairo, Kingdom of Egypt
Died23 January 2023(2023-01-23) (aged 93)
Political party
Alma materMilitary Academy

Early life and education

Sharaf was born in Heliopolis, Cairo on 20 April 1929.[1] His father was a physician.[2] He graduated from the Military Academy in February 1949.[1][2] One of his teachers at the academy was Gamal Abdel Nasser.[2]

Career and activities

Following his graduation Sharaf joined the army.[2] In January 1953 he was arrested in the artillery crackdown and jailed.[2] After he was freed, he began to work in the military intelligence unit.[2]

Sharaf was the head of the Presidential Office.[3] On 28 September 1961, he was named as the state minister for presidential affairs.[2] He was a member of the Arab Socialist Union and was part of its secret unit, the Socialist Vanguard (Arabic: al-Tanzim al-Tali‘i), which was also called the Vanguard Organization.[4] The unit was established in 1963[4] and was headed by Sharaf and Sharawi Gomaa.[5] As of 1971 Sharaf was one of the Vanguard secretariat's ten members.[6]

Sharaf served as the minister of state until 13 May 1971 when he resigned.[2][7] Shortly after his resignation he was arrested due to his alleged involvement in a planned coup to overthrow Anwar Sadat.[7] He was sentenced to death, but in December 1971 his sentence was reduced to life imprisonment.[7][8] He was released from the prison on 15 May 1981.[2] Sharaf was among the cofounders of the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party, but later he left it.[2]

Sharaf was an anti-communist and supported the establishment of a capitalist state.[9] However, he was considered to be a Soviet agent from 1955.[10][11] Following his removal from office in 1971 Ashraf Marwan who was the son-in-law of Nasser and an intelligence officer working under Sharaf, was given the task of coordinating the intelligence affairs.[11] Sharaf published a book on his memoirs, Sanawat wa ayam ma‘ Jamal ‘Abd al Nasir: Shahadat Sami Sharaf, in 2006.[12]

Personal life and death

Sharaf was married and had four children.[1] He died on 23 January 2023 at the age of 93.[13]

References
  1. "كاتم أسرار عبدالناصر وأهم رجاله.. 50 معلومة عن الراحل سامي شرف". Al Balad (in Arabic). 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  2. Gamal Nkrumah (2007). "Shadows of the Revolution. Sami Sharaf". Al-Ahram Weekly. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  3. Amos Perlmutter (1974). Egypt: The Praetorian State. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-4128-2234-3.
  4. Hesham Sallam (26 October 2020). "From the State of Vanguards to the House of Kofta: Reflections on Egypt's Authoritarian Impasse". Jadaliyya. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  5. Iliya Harik (October 1973). "The Single Party as a Subordinate Movement: The Case of Egypt". World Politics. 26 (1): 97. doi:10.2307/2009918. JSTOR 2009918. S2CID 153367845.
  6. John Waterbury (1983). The Egypt of Nasser and Sadat. The Political Economy of Two Regimes. Vol. 515. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 334. doi:10.1515/9781400857357. ISBN 9780691101477.
  7. Raymond H. Anderson (10 December 1971). "Four Egyptians Given Life Terms". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  8. "Chronology November 16, 1971-February 15, 1972". The Middle East Journal. 26 (2): 166. Spring 1972. JSTOR 4324910.
  9. Ibrahim G. Aoudé (Winter 1994). "From national bourgeois development to Infitah: Egypt 1952-1992". Arab Studies Quarterly. 16 (1): 11. JSTOR 41858749.
  10. Richard B. Parker (Summer 1992). "The June War: Whose Conspiracy?". Journal of Palestine Studies. 21 (4): 9. doi:10.2307/2537660. JSTOR 2537660.
  11. Isabella Ginor; Gideon Remez (2017). "Israel's Best Spy—or a Master Double Agent? New light from the Soviet angle on the mystery of Ashraf Marwan". The Journal of the Middle East and Africa. 8 (4): 386, 388. doi:10.1080/21520844.2017.1409025. S2CID 158309394.
  12. Jesse Ferris (Fall 2008). "Soviet Support for Egypt's Intervention in Yemen, 1962–1963". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (4): 10. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.4.5. JSTOR 26922982. S2CID 57570449.
  13. "سامي شرف رجل يوليو وسجين التصحيح ..«بروفايل»". Egypt Independent (in Arabic). 23 January 2023. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
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