Setaria verticillata

Setaria verticillata is a species of grass known by the common names hooked bristlegrass,[2] rough bristle-grass[3] and bristly foxtail. It is native to Europe, but it is known on most continents as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. It is a hardy bunchgrass which grows in many types of urban, cultivated, and disturbed habitat. It is a weed of many types of agricultural crops, growing in vineyards and fields. Herbicide-resistant strains have been noted.[4]

Setaria verticillata
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Genus: Setaria
Species:
S. verticillata
Binomial name
Setaria verticillata
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Chaetochloa ambigua (Guss.) Scribn. & Merr.
  • Chaetochloa verticillata (L.) Scribn.
  • Chaetochloa verticillata var. breviseta (Mutel) Farw.
  • Chamaeraphis italica var. ambigua (Guss.) Kuntze
  • Chamaeraphis verticillata (L.) Porter
  • Ixophorus verticillatus (L.) Nash
  • Panicum ambiguum (Guss.) Hausskn. nom. illeg.
  • Panicum asperum Lam.
  • Panicum decipiens (F.W.Schultz) E.H.L.Krause nom. illeg.
  • Panicum floribundum Willd. ex Spreng. nom. inval.
  • Panicum italicum Ucria nom. illeg.
  • Panicum rude Lam. ex Steud. nom. inval.
  • Panicum verticillatum L.
  • Panicum verticillatum var. ambiguum Guss.
  • Panicum viride Desf. nom. illeg.
  • Pennisetum verticillatum (L.) R.Br.
  • Setaria adhaerens var. ambigua (Guss.) Belo-Corr.
  • Setaria adhaerens var. antrorsa (A.Braun) H.Scholz
  • Setaria adhaerens subsp. verticillata (L.) Belo-Corr.
  • Setaria ambigua (Guss.) Guss. nom. illeg.
  • Setaria aspera Link ex G.Don
  • Setaria carnei Hitchc.
  • Setaria conglomerata Fr. ex Schltdl.
  • Setaria decipiens F.W.Schultz
  • Setaria decipiens Schimp. ex Morariu nom. illeg.
  • Setaria decipiens f. latifolia (Freyn) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens f. major (Bujor.) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens subf. ramiflora (Bujor.) Soó
  • Setaria decipiens var. schulteissii (Zimm.) Morariu
  • Setaria decipiens f. schultheissii (Zimm.) Soó
  • Setaria floribunda Spreng.
  • Setaria gussonei Kerguélen
  • Setaria leiantha f. subhirsuta Hack.
  • Setaria nubica Link
  • Setaria panicea (L.) Schinz & Thell.
  • Setaria pratensis Phil.
  • Setaria pseudoverticillata Schltdl. nom. inval.
  • Setaria teysmannii Miq.
  • Setaria verticilliformis Dumort.
  • Setaria verticillata subsp. ambigua (Guss.) Arcang.
  • Setaria verticillata var. ambigua (Guss.) Parl.
  • Setaria verticillata f. ambigua (Guss.) B.Boivin
  • Setaria verticillata f. arenosa (Schur) Morariu
  • Setariopsis verticillata (L.) Samp.
  • Setaria viridis subsp. ambigua (Guss.) K.Richt.

This is an annual grass with decumbent or erect stems growing up to a meter long. The leaf blades are up to 25 centimeters long and have a long sheath around the stem. The inflorescence is a dense panicle up to 15 centimeters long which tapers at both ends. It contains many small spikelets and bristles. The bristles have tiny backwards-pointing barbs that help them hook onto clothing or animal fur, facilitating their dispersal.[4]

Seeds of the grass are used to make beer in South Africa and porridge in Namibia.[4] They have been used as a famine food in India.[5]

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References
  1. "Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  2. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Setaria verticillata". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. ISSG Database
  5. Purdue: Famine Foods
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