Traditional peoples in Brazil

Traditional Populations , Traditional Peoples or Traditional Communities, under Brazilian law, are groups that have a culture that is different from the prevailing local culture and that maintain a way of life closely linked to the natural environment in which they live. Through its own forms - social organization, the use of territory and natural resources (with a subsistence relationship) - its socio-cultural-religious reproduction using knowledge transmitted orally and in daily practice.

Officially, according to the Federal Government, to be recognized as traditional, it is necessary to carry out daily production practices based on sustainable development.  It is estimated that in Brazil around 4.5 million people are part of these communities, occupying 25% of the national territory.

Government recognition

In 2007, the Federal Government of Brazil formally recognized the existence of so-called traditional populations (Presidential Decree 6 040 of February 7),[1]  expanding the recognition partially made in the 1988 Constitution (only indigenous and quilombola) covering the following communities: caboclo; caiçara; extractive; jangadeiro; fisherman; riverside; tapper; in addition to indigenous and quilombola.[2] The law also established the "National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Traditional Peoples and Communities" (PNPCT), subordinated to the Ministry of the Environment.[2][3]

List of traditional communities
People/Communities Habitat Activity References
Andirobeiras use of the Andirobeira tree [1]
Apanhadores de Flores Sempre Viva Diamantina , Minas Gerais flower picking
Caatingueiros caatinga animal husbandry
Caiçaras Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo and Paraná fishing [1]
Caipira Paraná [1]
Castanheiras amazon [1]
Catadores de Mangaba sergipe [1]
Cipozeiros Santa Catarina , Paraná and São Paulo Imbe plant harvest [1]
Extrativistas Marajó , Pará açaí , fishing, shrimp [1]
Faxinalenses Paraná animal husbandry [1]
Fundo de Pasto Bahia , Pernambuco and Piauí raising goats and sheep [1]
Geraizeiros Minas Gerais agriculture, livestock and collection [1]
Ilhéus Paraná fish catcher [1]
Indigenous peoples in all regions fishing, gathering and small farming [1]
Isqueiros Pantanal , Mato Grosso fishing bait collector [1]
Morroquianos Caceres, Mato Grosso smallholders [1]
Pantaneiros Pantanal, Mato Grosso livestock [1]
Pescadores Artesanais fishing [1]
Piaçaveiros amazon piassava fiber processing [1]
Pomeranos [1]
Terreiros in all regions [1]
Quebradeiras de Coco Babaçu Maranhão , Pará , Piauí und Tocantins babassu fruit harvest [1]
Quilombolas in all regions [1]
Retireiros Northeast of Mato Grosso livestock and agriculture [1]
Ribeirinhos amazon fishing, gathering and farming
Romani people [1]
Seringueiros amazon rubber cones [1]
Vazanteiros Minas Gerais Agriculture [1]
Veredeiros North of Minas Gerais, Bahia and Midwest [1]

References
  1. "Apresentação portal Ypadê". Ypadê. Comissão Nacional para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais – CNPCT.
  2. "Comunidades ou Populações Tradicionais". www.ecobrasil.eco.br. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  3. "FAQs - Desenvolvimento Rural - Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais". Ministério do Meio Ambiente.
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