Hatun

Hatun or Khatun (Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣, romanized: Katun, Ottoman Turkish: خاتون, romanized: Hatun or قادین romanized: Kadın, Uzbek: xotin, Persian: خاتون khātūn; Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ, khatun, хатан khatan; Urdu: خاتون, Hindi: ख़ातून khātūn; Bengali: খাতুন; Sylheti: ꠈꠣꠔꠥꠘ; Turkish: hatun; Azerbaijani: xatun; Punjabi: ਖਾਤੂਨ (Gurmukhi), خاتون (Shahmukhi)) is a female title of nobility and counterpart to "khan" or "Khagan" prominently used in the Turkic Khaganates and in the subsequent Mongol Empire.

Honorific

In the Ottoman period, the term hatun was used as an honorific for women, roughly equivalent to the English term lady and a variant spelling of khatun. Like most Turkish honorifics, it is used after the first name. Women traditionally addressed as hatun include:

Börte, wife of Genghis Khan
Buluqhan Khatun, wife of Abaqa Khan
Bulugan, wife of Temur Khan
Chabi, wife of Kublai Khan
Despina Khatun
Doquz Khatun, wife of Hulagu Khan
Erketü Qatun, wife of Altan Khan
Mandukhai Khatun, wife of Dayan Khan
Momine Khatun
Oghul Qaimish, wife of Guyuk Khan
Po Beg
Radnashiri, wife of Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan
Sapnara Khatun, judge elected to the British Family Law Bar Association Committee. In 2006, she was appointed as a Recorder of the British Crown.
Töregene Khatun, wife of Ogedei Khan
Melike Mama Hatun Saltukid female ruler (reigned between 1191 and 1200)
Gürcü Hatun (fl. 1237–1286), Georgian royal princess, wife of sultan Kaykhusraw II
Malhun Hatun (died 1323), wife of Sultan Osman I
Gülçiçek Hatun (fl. 14th century), wife of Sultan Murad I
Devlet Hatun (died 1411), wife of Sultan Bayezid I
Gülfem Hatun (died 1561/1562), consort of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent
Şemsiruhsar Hatun (died 1613), consort of Sultan Murad III
Nene Hatun (1857–1955), Turkish folk heroine
Halime Qatun (1205-1280) The wife of Ertugrul Ghazi

Valide Hatun

Valide Hatun was the title held by the "legal mother" of a ruling Sultan of the Ottoman Empire before the 16th century.

By the beginning of the 16th century, the title hatun for sultan's mother, princesses, and sultan's main consort was replaced by "sultan" and they started to carry it after their given names. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative.[1] Consequently, the title valide hatun also turned into valide sultan.

List of valide hatuns

Name	Maiden name	Origin	Consort	Became valide	Ceased to be valide	Sultan
Nilüfer Hatun نیلوفر خاتون	Holifere (Holophira) / Olivera	Byzantine	Orhan I	March 1362 son's ascension	1383	Murad I (son)
Devlet Hatun دولت خاتون	unknown	born in Kütahya, Germiyan dynasty	Bayezid I	5 July 1413 son's ascension	23 January 1414	Mehmed I (son)
Şehzade Hatun	unknown	unknown	Mehmed I	5 July 1413 son's ascension	unknown	disputed mothers of Murad II
Emine Hatun امینہ خاتون	unknown	Dulkadirid	Mehmed I	26 May 1421 son's ascension (first tenure)	August 1444 (first tenure)
Emine Hatun امینہ خاتون	unknown	Dulkadirid	Mehmed I	September 1446 son's reinstatement (second tenure)	1449
Hüma Hatun هما خاتون	unknown	Turkish origin	Murad II	August 1444 son's ascension	September 1446	Mehmed II (son)
Gülbahar Hatun گل بھار مکرمه خاتون	unknown	Pontic Greek origin	Mehmed II	3 May 1481 son's ascension	1492	Bayezid II (son)

Given name

Ayşe Hatun Önal, Turkish model
Hatun Sürücü, German murder victim

References

Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN 0-19-507673-7.

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[1] Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN 0-19-507673-7.