Ethiopian Empire

Ethiopian Empire
የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥተ (Amharic)
*Mängəstä Ityop'p'ya*
Ethiopian Empire የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥተ (Amharic); Mängəstä Ityop'p'ya
1270–1974; 1936–1941: Government-in-exile
	Flag (1897–1914) Coat of arms
	Motto: ኢትዮጵያ ታበፅዕ እደዊሃ ሃበ እግዚአብሐር; Ityopia tabetsih edewiha habe Igziabiher (English: "Ethiopia Stretches Her Hands unto God"); ("Ethiopia Stretches Her Hands unto God") (Psalm 68:31)
	Anthem: ; "ኢትዮጵያ ሆይ ደስ ይበልሽ"; (English: "Ethiopia, be happy");
	The Ethiopian Empire boundaries in 1952
	The location of the Ethiopian Empire during the reign of Yohannes IV (dark orange) compared with modern day Ethiopia (orange)
Capital	Unspecified (1270–1635); Gondar (1635–1855); Magdala (1855–1868); Mekelle (1871–1885); Addis Ababa (1886–1974)
Common languages	Ge’ez; Amharic; Oromo; Tigrinya; Widely spoken Afar; Gurage; Hadiyya; Kafa; Sidamo; Somali; Tigrinya; Oromo ; Wolaytta ; Italian (Eritrea) ; Languages of Ethiopia ; Languages of Eritrea;
Religion	Christianity Orthodox Tewahedo Church (1270-1622 and 1632-1974) [Official]; Catholic Church (1622-1632) according to Susenyos, But disputed because of the crown and imperial title was bestowed by Orthodox Church and as the defender of that faith[ Unrecognized by the Church and caused dethronement] illegitimate; P'ent'ay - Evangelicalism [Unofficial]; ; Islam Sunni [Unofficial]; ; Judaism Haymanot Judaism [Unofficial]; ; Other [Unofficial];
Demonym(s)	Endonym: Ethiopian Exonym: Abyssinian (in non-native sources, derived from the Arabic name for the general region "Al-Habash" and the most widely prominent pan-ethnic group the Habesha)
Government	Absolute monarchy[1]
Emperor
• 1270 (first)	Yekuno Amlak[2]
• 1930–1974 (last)	Haile Selassie
Prime Minister
• 1909–1927 (first)	Habte Giyorgis
• 1974 (last)	Mikael Imru
Legislature	Parliament[3]
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Predecessor States Dʿmt ; Sultanate of Aussa ; Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea ; Kingdom of Aksum ; Zagwe dynasty ; Medri Bahri ; Land of Punt ; Ethiopian Empire ; Kingdom of Shewa ; Sultanate of Showa ; Kingdom of Tankish ; Sharkha ; Kingdom of Qita'a ; Kingdom of Nagash ; Kingdom of Jarin ; Sultanate of Dawaro ; Kingdom of Bazin ; Template:Medieval Horn of Africa ; Sultanate of Dahlak; Kingdom of Belgin ; Sultanate of Bale ; Sultanate of Arababni ; Sultanate of Ifat ; Sultanate of Harar ; Ajuran Sultanate ; Adal Sultanate ; Kingdom of Garo ; Kingdom of Kaffa ; Kingdom of Janjero ; Adulis;
Historical era	Middle Ages to Cold War
• Empire established	1270
• Ethiopian-Adal war	1529–1543
• Italian Eritrea	1890
• Constitution adopted	16 July 1931
• Conquered by Italy (annexed to Italian East Africa)	3 October 1935
• Sovereignty restored	5 May 1941
• Admitted to the UN	13 November 1945
• Coup d'état by Derg	12 September 1974
• Monarchy abolished	21 March 1975[4][5][6][7]
Area
1950	1,221,900 km2 (471,800 sq mi)
1974	1,221,900 km2 (471,800 sq mi)
Population
• 1950	19,575,000
• 1974	35,074,000
Currency	Salt blocks; Maria Theresa thaler (c. 18th–19th); Ethiopian birr, thaler, or dollar (from 1894);
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Zagwe dynasty
	Kingdom of Semien
	Emirate of Harar
	Kingdom of Kaffa
	Kingdom of Jimma
Derg
Imperial Government-in-Exile
Today part of	Ethiopia; Eritrea

The Ethiopian Empire, or simply Ethiopia, also known as "Abyssinia" by foreigners, was an empire in Africa. It used to include modern day Ethiopia and Eritrea. When it was biggest, it controlled some parts of Egypt, Sudan, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia.

Abyssinia was mentioned in Egyptian records in 980 BC. Its king made the country Christian in the 4th century. The Solomonid dynasty ruled from 1270 to 1974 A.D., when it was overthrown by communists. At the time of its overthrow, it was the longest-lasting government in the world and one of the only two nations that did not get colonized in Africa.

In other languages

Ethiopian Empire:

Ge'ez Script: የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥተ, Mängəstä Ityop'p'ya

Ethiopia:

Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ, ʾĪtyōṗṗyā pronunciation , Afar: Itiyoophiyaa, Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ, Oromo: Itoophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Tigrinya: ኢትዮጵያ

References

Nathaniel T. Kenney (1965). "Ethiopian Adventure". National Geographic. 127: 555.
Negash, Tekeste (2006). "The Zagwe Period and the Zenith of Urban Culture in Ethiopia, Ca. 930-1270 Ad". Africa: Rivista Trimestrale di Studi e Documentazione dell'istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente. 61 (1): 120–137. JSTOR 40761842.
Constitution of Ethiopia, 4 November 1955, Article 76 (source: Constitutions of Nations: Volume I, Africa by Amos Jenkins Peaslee)
"Ethiopia Ends 3,000 Year Monarchy". Milwaukee Sentinel. 22 March 1975. p. 3.
"Ethiopia ends old monarchy". The Day. 22 March 1975. p. 7.
Henc van Maarseveen; Ger van der Tang (1978). Written Constitutions: A Computerized Comparative Study. Brill. p. 47.
"Ethiopia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 1987.

Abyssinia in 1896

Map

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[1] Nathaniel T. Kenney (1965). "Ethiopian Adventure". National Geographic. 127: 555.

[2] Negash, Tekeste (2006). "The Zagwe Period and the Zenith of Urban Culture in Ethiopia, Ca. 930-1270 Ad". Africa: Rivista Trimestrale di Studi e Documentazione dell'istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente. 61 (1): 120–137. JSTOR 40761842.

[3] Constitution of Ethiopia, 4 November 1955, Article 76 (source: Constitutions of Nations: Volume I, Africa by Amos Jenkins Peaslee)

[4] "Ethiopia Ends 3,000 Year Monarchy". Milwaukee Sentinel. 22 March 1975. p. 3.

[5] "Ethiopia ends old monarchy". The Day. 22 March 1975. p. 7.

[6] Henc van Maarseveen; Ger van der Tang (1978). Written Constitutions: A Computerized Comparative Study. Brill. p. 47.

[7] "Ethiopia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 1987.