Alanine

Alanine
Names
	IUPAC name Alanine
	Other names 2-Aminopropanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	338-69-2 (D-isomer) ; 56-41-7 (L-isomer) ; 302-72-7 (racemic) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Zwitterion: Interactive image; Interactive image; Zwitterion: Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:16977 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL66693 ;
ChemSpider	64234 (D-isomer) ; 5735 (L-isomer) ; 582 (Racemic) ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.249
EC Number	206-126-4;
IUPHAR/BPS	720;
KEGG	C01401 ;
PubChem CID	5950;
UNII	1FU7983T0U ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20873899 ;
	SMILES O=C(O)C(N)C; Zwitterion: O=C([O-])C([NH3+])C; O=C(O)[C@@H](N)C; Zwitterion: O=C([O-])[C@@H]([NH3+])C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H7NO2
Molar mass	89.09 g·mol−1
Appearance	white powder
Density	1.424 g/cm3
Melting point	258 °C (496 °F; 531 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water	167.2 g/L (25 °C)
log P	-0.68[1]
Acidity (pKa)	2.34 (carboxyl; H2O); 9.87 (amino; H2O)[2];
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-50.5·10−6 cm3/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Alanine (abbreviated as Ala or A)[3] is an α-amino acid. It has the chemical formula CH₃CH(NH₂)COOH.

The L-isomer is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code. Its codons are GCU, GCC, GCA, and GCG. It is classified as a non-polar amino acid.[4]

L-Alanine accounts for 7.8% of the primary structure in a sample of 1,150 proteins.[5][6] Leucine is the only amino acid which is more common.

D-Alanine occurs in bacterial cell walls and in some peptide antibiotics.

References

"L-alanine_msds".
Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.
Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.
Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.
Doolittle, R. F. (1989), "Redundancies in protein sequences", in Fasman, G. D. (ed.), Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation, New York: Plenum, pp. 599–623, ISBN 0-306-43131-9
Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.

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[chemsrc-1] "L-alanine_msds".

[CRC97-2] Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.

[3] Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.

[4] Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.

[5] Doolittle, R. F. (1989), "Redundancies in protein sequences", in Fasman, G. D. (ed.), Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation, New York: Plenum, pp. 599–623, ISBN 0-306-43131-9

[6] Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.