Chemical substance

A chemical substance is any material with a known chemical composition.[1] For example, water has the same properties and the same ratio of hydrogen to oxygen whether it came from a river or was made in a laboratory. Typical chemical substances found in the home include water, salt (sodium chloride) and bleach. Generally, substances exist as a solid, a liquid, or a gas, and may change between these phases of matter when there are changes in temperature or pressure.

Water and steam are two different forms of the same chemical substance
  • Gray silicon powder, an element. All the other ones are chemical compounds.
  • White sodium chloride
  • Pink hydrated (with water) manganese (II) chloride
  • Brown manganese (II) carbonate
  • Black copper (II) oxide
  • Red hydrated (with water) cobalt (II) chloride
  • Orange potassium dichromate
  • Yellow sodium chromate
  • Green hydrated (with water) copper (II) chloride
  • Blue hydrated (with water) copper(II) sulfate
  • Purple anhydrous (without water) chromium (III) chloride

References
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  1. Hill, J. W.; Petrucci, R. H.; McCreary, T. W.; Perry, S. S. General Chemistry, 4th ed., p5, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 2005.


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