Helmand River

The Helmand River (also spelled Helmend, Helmund, Hirmand; Pashto/Persian: هیرمند, هلمند Hīrmand, Helmand, Greek: Ἐτύμανδρος (Etýmandros), Latin: Erymandrus) is the longest river in Afghanistan.[1] The name means "dammed, having a dam". Helmand Province is named after the river.

Helmand River
Map of the Helmand River drainage basin
Map of the Helmand River drainage basin
Location
Physical characteristics
Source 
 - locationHindu Kush mountains
Mouth 
 - locationLake Hamun
Length1,150 km (710 mi)
Basin sizeSistan Basin
Basin features
Tributaries 
 - leftArghandab River
 - rightKhash River
Chagay River

The Helmand river stretches for 1,150 km (710 mi). It rises in the Hindu Kush mountains, about 80 km (50 mi) west of Kabul (34°34′N 68°33′E), passing north of the Unai Pass. It crosses south-west through the desert of Dashti Margo, to the Seistan marshes and the Hamun-i-Helmand lake region around Zabol at the Afghan-Iranian border (31°9′N 61°33′E).

References

  1. "History of Environmental Change in the Sistan Basin 1976 - 2005" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-07. Retrieved 2007-07-20.
  • Various authors. "HELMAND RIVER". Encyclopædia Iranica (Online ed.). United States: Columbia University.
  • Frye, Richard N. (1963). The Heritage of Persia. World Publishing company, Cleveland, Ohio. Mentor Book edition, 1966.
  • Toynbee, Arnold J. (1961). Between Oxus and Jumna. London. Oxford University Press.
  • Vogelsang, W. (1985). "Early historical Arachosia in South-east Afghanistan; Meeting-place between East and West." Iranica antiqua, 20 (1985), pp. 55–99.


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