Invertebrate

An invertebrate is an animal that does not have a spinal column or backbone. This contrasts with vertebrate: if an animal is not a vertebrate (fish, reptile, amphibian, bird, or mammal), it is an invertebrate.

A spider

The main phyla (groups) of invertebrate animals are:

• Annelida: segmented worms
• Arthropods: (arachnids, crustaceans, insects, and others); the largest groups of invertebrates.
• Brachiopods: the lamp-shells.
• Bryozoa: sea mats or moss animals (sometimes they look like corals)
• Cnidarians: jellyfish, sea anemones, hydroids.
• Echinoderms: starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers
• Molluscs: (gastropods, cephalopods, bivalves and others); a large group of invertebrates.
• Nematoda: roundworms
• Porifera: sponges
• Platyhelminthes: flatworms
• Rotifers: tiny "wheel animals", which live in habitats such as pond water.

Insects and other arthropods have no bones, but they have a skeleton on the outside of their bodies, called an exoskeleton.

There are 18 more groups of invertebrates, mostly minor: see List of animal phyla.