Munich massacre
The Munich massacre was an attack that happened on 5-6 September during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. 11 members of the Israel Olympic team were murdered after being taken hostage. A German police officer was also killed.[1]
| Munich massacre | |
|---|---|
 Front view of Connollystraße 31 in 2007. The window of Apartment 1 is to the left of and below the balcony. | |
| Location | Munich, West Germany |
| Coordinates | 48°10′47″N 11°32′57″E |
| Date | September 5, 1972 – September 6, 1972 4:31 am – 12:04 am (UTC+1) |
| Target | Israeli Olympic team |
Attack type |
|
| Deaths | 17 total (12 victims, 5 perpetrators; see list)
|
| Perpetrators | Black September |
| Motive | Israeli–Palestinian conflict |
The terrorists demanded the Israeli government to release 234 prisoners held in Israeli jails.[2] Of the eight attackers, five were killed by the police and three were arrested. The three were released from jail.
List of fatalities
- Shot during the initial break-in
- Moshe Weinberg, wrestling coach
- Yossef Romano, weightlifter
- Shot and killed by grenade in eastern-side helicopter D-HAQO
- According to the order in which they were seated, from left to right:
- Ze'ev Friedman, weightlifter
- David Berger, weightlifter (survived grenade but died of smoke inhalation)
- Yakov Springer, weightlifting judge
- Eliezer Halfin, wrestler
- Shot in western-side helicopter D-HAQU
- According to the order in which they were seated, from left to right:
- Yossef Gutfreund, wrestling referee
- Kehat Shorr, shooting coach
- Mark Slavin, wrestler
- Andre Spitzer, fencing coach
- Amitzur Shapira, track coach
- Shot in control tower during gunfight
- Anton Fliegerbauer, West German police officer
- Palestinian terrorists shot dead by West German police
- Luttif Afif ("Issa")
- Yusuf Nazzal ("Tony")
- Afif Ahmed Hamid ("Paolo")
- Khalid Jawad ("Salah")
- Ahmed Chic Thaa ("Abu Halla")
References
- Breznican, Anthony (22 December 2005). "Messages from 'Munich'". USAToday. Gannett Co. Retrieved 17 April 2009.
- Karon, Tony (12 September 2000). "Revisiting the Olympics' Darkest Day". Time. Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2010.
Other websites
Media related to Munich massacre at Wikimedia Commons
- The Israeli Response to the 1972 Munich Massacre – Includes an extensive overview of the Munich massacre
- A Tribute to the 1972 Israeli Olympic Athletes – Includes biographies and photographs for each of the 11 Israeli athletes killed
- Time Magazine Archived 2013-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, 4 December 2005
- Special Publication of Israel State Archives: The Fortieth Anniversary of the Massacre of the Israeli Athletes in Munich Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
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