1982 Lebanon War

The 1982 Lebanon war was part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Lebanese Civil War. It began on 6 June 1982. Israel called it Operation Peace for Galilee. It was later known as the Lebanon war or First Lebanon war. The war started when the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) attacked southern Lebanon. On 3 June 1982 the Abu Nadal Organization tried to assassinate Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom, Shlomo Argov.[10] This may have been done to hurt the PLO's reputation.[10] At the time, however, Israel blamed the PLO for the attempt.[10] The shooting of the ambassador was the trigger that caused Israel’s invasion of Lebanon.[11][12]

1982 Lebanon War
Part of Israeli–Palestinian conflict and Lebanese Civil War

Lebanese troops in Beirut, 1982
Date6 June 1982 – June 1985
Location
southern Lebanon
Result

Israeli military victory[1]

  • PLO was forced out / one-sided draw-back from Lebanon[2]
  • Destruction of Syrian SAM batteries in the Bekaa
  • Israeli occupation of the southern half of Lebanon (1982–85), draw back started in 1983 according to the 17 May Accord[3][4]
  • Collapse of Maronite-Israeli alliance, failure to achieve lasting Lebanese-Israeli peace[5]
  • Intervention of the MNF-L, consisting of American, French and Italian troops.
  • South Lebanon Security Zone and the SLA (1985–2000)
  • South Lebanon conflict (1982–2000)
  • Increased Syrian influence in Lebanon
  • Eventual establishment of Hezbollah
Territorial
changes		 Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon (1982–1985). Syrian de facto occupation of Lebanon (1976–2005).
Belligerents

 Israel
Lebanon Lebanese Front

SLA

PLO
Syria Syria
Lebanon LNRF

  • LCP
  • PLA-PSP
  • OACL
  • SSNP
Other armed groups:
Commanders and leaders
Israel:
Menachem Begin
(Prime Minister)
Ariel Sharon
(Ministry of Defence)
Rafael Eitan
(Army Chief of Staff)
David Ivry
(Israeli Air Force)
Ze'ev Almog
(Israeli Sea Corps)
Phalange:
Bachir Gemayel
Fadi Frem
Elie Hobeika
Al-Tanzim:
Fawzi Mahfuz
SLA:
Saad Haddad		 PLO:
Yasser Arafat
(Chairman of the PLO)
Syria:
Hafez al-Assad
(President)
Mustafa Tlass
(Minister of Defense)
LCP:
George Hawi
Elias Atallah
Amal:
Nabih Berri
ASALA:
Monte Melkonian
Hagop Hagopian
Kevork Ajemian
PKK:
Mahsum Korkmaz
Ibrahim Kulaylat
Others:
Muhsin Ibrahim
Abbas al-Musawi
Ragheb Harb
Murat Karayılan
Inaam Raad
Said Shaaban
Strength
Israel:
78,000 troops
800 tanks
1,500 APCs
634 aircraft
LF:
30,000 troops
SLA:
5,000 troops
97 tanks		 Syria:
22,000 troops
352 tanks
300 APCs
450 aircraft
300 artillery pieces
100 anti-aircraft guns
125 SAM batteries
PLO:
15,000 troops
80 tanks
150 APCs
350+ artillery pieces
250+ anti-aircraft guns
Casualties and losses
Israel:
1,216 killed[9]
(1982-2000)		 Syrian & Palestinian combatants:
See Casualties below.
Civilians: See Casualties below.

References
  1. Gabriel, Richard , A, Operation Peace for Galilee, The Israeli-PLO War in Lebanon, New York: Hill & Wang. 1984, p. 167, 168, ISBN 0-8090-7454-0
  2. Hirst, David (2010). Beware of Small States. NationBooks. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-1-56858-657-1.
  3. The May 17 Agreement Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine Best in Lebanon
  4. 114 Agreement between Israel and Lebanon- 17 May 1983 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  5. Morris, p. 559
  6. "In the Spotlight: PKK (A.k.a KADEK) Kurdish Worker's Party". Cdi.org. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  7. "Abdullah Öcalan en de ontwikkeling van de PKK". Xs4all.nl. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  8. "a secret relationship". Niqash.org. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  9. Lorch, Netanel. "The Lebanon War: Operation Peace for Galilee (1982)". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  10. Robin Wright (2 August 2014). "Another Siege: Israel's War on the P.L.O." The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  11. The Canadian Press (22 May 2015). "Today in History – June 3". Pacific Newspaper Group. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  12. Harvey W. Kushner, Encyclopedia of terrorism Sage Publications (2003), p.13


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