Cannabis (drug)
Cannabis, also known as marijuana, weed, and Cannabis sativa (as well as other names)[lower-alpha 1] is a psychoactive drug from the Cannabis plant used for medical or recreational purposes.[18][19][20] The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the 483 known compounds in the plant,[21] including at least 65 other cannabinoids, which are chemicals only found in Cannabis.[22] Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract.
Cannabis | |
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![]() Close-up of flowering cannabis plant | |
Product name | Cannabis |
Pronunciation |
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Source plant(s) | Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, Cannabis ruderalis |
Part(s) of plant | Flower and fruit |
Geographic origin | Central Asia and Indian subcontinent[2] |
Active ingredients | Tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinol, tetrahydrocannabivarin |
Main producers | Afghanistan,[3] Canada,[4] China, Colombia,[5] India,[3] Jamaica,[3] Lebanon,[6] Mexico,[7] Morocco,[3] Netherlands, Pakistan, Paraguay,[7] Spain,[3] Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom,[8] United States[3] |
Legal status |
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Cannabis is mostly used recreationally or as a medicinal drug, although like other psychoactive drugs it may also be used for spiritual purposes. In 2013, between 128 and 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65).[23] It is the most commonly used illegal drug in the world,[23][24] though it is legal in some jurisdictions, with the highest use among adults (as of 2018) in Zambia, the United States, Canada, and Nigeria.
Marijuana plants are grouped into 3 categories: Sativa, Indica, and Hybrid. A hybrid is a combination of Sativa and Indica. These 3 categories are then divided and categorized more into different strains. Strains are minor differences in how you feel when you use Cannabis. Some of the most famous and well-known strains of marijuana are: Acapulco Gold, Gelato, Grape Ape, White Widow, Purple Haze, Skunk and G13.
Notes
References
- "marijuana noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com". www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
- ElSohly MA (2007). Marijuana and the Cannabinoids. Springer. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-59259-947-9.
- United Nations. "World Drug Report 2013" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
- "Medical Use of Marijuana". Health Canada. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
- "New Colombia Resources Inc Subsidiary, Sannabis, Produces First Batch of Medical Marijuana Based Products in Colombia to Fill Back Orders". prnewswire.com (Press release). PR Newswire. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
- Moussaoui R (Nov 25, 2013). "Lebanon cannabis trade thrives in shadow of Syrian war". AFP.
- Garelli SL (25 November 2008). "Mexico, Paraguay top pot producers, U.N. report says". CNN International. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- "Homegrown Industry".
- "Pot – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
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(help) - "Weed – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
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(help) - "Dope – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
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(help) - "Ganja – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
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(help) - Ruiz P, Strain EC (2011). Substance Abuse: A Comprehensive Textbook. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-60547-277-5.
- "Grass – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
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(help) - "Herb – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
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(help) - "Skunk – Definition". American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
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(help) - "Mary Jane – Definition". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
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(help) - Vij (2012). Textbook Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology: Principles And Practice. Elsevier India. p. 672. ISBN 978-81-312-1129-8.See also article on Marijuana as a word.
- Template:ShorterOxfordEnglishDictionary
- Editors of the American Heritage Dictionaries (2007). Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries: English Words That Come From Spanish. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 142. ISBN 978-0-547-35021-9.
- Russo EB (2013). Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Potential. Routledge. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-136-61493-4.
- Newton DE (2013). Marijuana: a reference handbook. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 7. ISBN 9781610691499.
- "Status and Trend Analysis of Illict [sic] Drug Markets" (PDF). World Drug Report 2015. p. 23. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
- "DrugFacts: Marijuana". National Institute on Drug Abuse, US National Institutes of Health. 1 December 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.