Web color

Web colours are colours used in designing webpages, and the ways for describing and listing those colours.

There are several ways to choose colours for parts of webpages. Colours may be listed as an RGB triplet (a set of three numbers, red, green, and blue) in hexadecimal format (a hex triplet, rr, gg, bb). An RGB triplet can make 16,777,216 different colours. Standard colours can also be chosen by their common English names. Often a colour tool or other graphics software is used to create colour values.

The first versions of Mosaic and Netscape Navigator used the X11 colour names as the base for their colour lists. This was because they both started as X Window System applications.

Each web colour has its own definition, sRGB. This relates to the chromaticities of a single phosphor set, a given transfer curve, adaptive whitepoint, and viewing conditions. These have been chosen to be similar to many real-world monitors and viewing conditions. Even without colour management, the colours created are fairly close to the given values. However, user agents can be different in the fidelity with which they show the colours. Better user agents use colour management to create better colour fidelity. This is important for Web-to-print applications.[1]

Hex triplet

A hex triplet is a six-digit, three-byte number used in HTML, CSS, PHP, JS, SVG, and other computer programs, to represent colours. The bytes represent the red, green and blue parts of the colour. One byte represents a number from 00 to FF or 0 to 255 in decimal notation. This represents the least (0) to the most (255) intensity of each colour component. The hex triplet is formed by concatenating three bytes in hexadecimal notation, in the following order:

Byte 1: red value (colour type red)

Byte 2: green value (colour type green)

Byte 3: blue value (colour type blue)

For example, consider the colour where the red/green/blue values are decimal numbers: red=36, green=104, blue=160 (a greyish-blue colour). The decimal numbers 36, 104 and 160 are similar to the numbers 24, 68 and A0 respectively. The hex triplet is obtained by combining the 6 hexadecimal digits together, 2468A0 in this example.

HTML web colours

Formulated in 1997, there were originally 16 colours. Orange was added later to make a total of 17. The original 16 were part of something called the "Windows VGA template", meaning that they are the colours that can be used for actions like highlighting.

Color[2]	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal
aqua	#00FFFF	grey	#808080	navy	#000080	silver	#C0C0C0
black	#000000	green	#008000	olive	#808000	teal	#008080
blue	#0000FF	lime	#00FF00	purple	#800080	white	#FFFFFF
fuchsia	#FF00FF	maroon	#800000	red	#FF0000	yellow	#FFFF00

List of HTML Colour Names

The table below contains all 140 of the HTML colours. All modern browsers support them. [3]

HTML name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Red colors
Crimson	`#DC143C`	`220 20 60`
Royal Red	`#D00060`	`220 20 60`
Light Coral	`#F08080`	`240 128 128`
Indian Red	`#CD5C5C`	`205 92 92`
Fire Brick	`#B22222`	`178 34 34`
Brown	`#A52A2A`	`165 42 42`
Red	`#FF0000`	`255 0 0`
Light Red	`#FF3333`	`139 0 0`
Medium Red	`#B10304`	`139 0 0`
Dark Red	`#8B0000`	`139 0 0`
Deep Red	`#850101`	`139 0 0`
Maroon	`#800000`	`128 0 0`
Salmon	`#FA8072`	`250 128 114`
Red Orange	`#FF5349`	`250 128 114`
Pink & Rose colors
Light Pink	`#FFB6C1`	`255 182 193`
Pink	`#FD6C9E`	`253 108 158`
Medium Pink	`#F36196`	`243 110 159`
Dark Pink	`#E75480`	`255 182 193`
Pale Violet Red	`#DB7093`	`219 112 147`
Hot Pink	`#FF69B4`	`255 105 180`
Deep Pink	`#FF1493`	`255 20 147`
Orange colors
Peach Puff	`#FFDAB9`	`255 218 185`
Dark Salmon	`#E9967A`	`233 150 122`
Light Salmon	`#FFA07A`	`255 160 122`
Coral	`#FF7F50`	`255 127 80`
Tomato	`#FF6347`	`255 99 71`
OrangeRed	`#FF4500`	`255 69 0`
Papaya Whip	`#FFEFD5`	`255 239 213`
Moccasin	`#FFE4B5`	`255 228 181`
Light Orange	`#D9A465`	`255 228 181`
Medium Orange	`#FF7802`	`255 228 181`
Dark Orange	`#FF8C00`	`255 140 0`
Orange	`#FFA500`	`255 165 0`
Yellow Orange	`#FFAE42`	`255 215 0`
Yellow colors
Light Goldenrod Yellow	`#FAFAD2`	`250 250 210`
Pale Goldenrod	`#EEE8AA`	`238 232 170`
Goldenrod	`#DAA520`	`218 165 32`
Dark Goldenrod	`#B8860B`	`184 134 11`
Light Gold	`#F1E5AC`	`255 215 0`
Gold	`#FFD700`	`255 215 0`
Dark Gold	`#EEBC1D`	`255 215 0`
Lemon Chiffon	`#FFFACD`	`255 250 205`
Light Yellow	`#FFFFE0`	`255 255 224`
Yellow	`#FFFF00`	`255 255 0`
Medium Yellow	`#FFE302`	`255 255 0`
Dark Yellow	`#FFCC00`	`255 255 0`
Olive	`#808000`	`128 128 0`
Khaki	`#F0E68C`	`240 230 140`
Dark Khaki	`#BDB76B`	`189 183 107`
Violet, Purple & Magenta colors
Lavender	`#E6E6FA`	`230 230 250`
Medium Purple	`#9370DB`	`147 112 219`
Blue Violet	`#8A2BE2`	`138 43 226`
Light Violet	`#7A5299`	`148 0 211`
Medium Violet	`#65315F`	`148 0 211`
Dark Violet	`#9400D3`	`148 0 211`
Indigo	`#4B0082`	`75 0 130`
Medium Orchid	`#BA55D3`	`186 85 211`
Dark Orchid	`#9932CC`	`153 &50 204`
Thistle	`#D8BFD8`	`216 191 216`
Plum	`#DDA0DD`	`221 160 221`
Violet	`#EE82EE`	`238 130 238`
Orchid	`#DA70D6`	`218 112 214`
Fuchsia or Magenta	`#FF00FF`	`255 0 255`
Light Magenta	`#FF77FF`	`139 0 139`
Dark Magenta	`#8B008B`	`139 0 139`
Purple	`#800080`	`128 0 128`
Medium Violet Red	`#C71585`	`199 21 133`

HTML name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Green colors
Yellow Green	`#9ACD32`	`154 205 50`
Olive Drab	`#6B8E23`	`107 142 35`
Dark Olive Green	`#556B2F`	`85 107 47`
Green Yellow	`#ADFF2F`	`173 255 47`
Chartreuse	`#7FFF00`	`127 255 0`
Lawn Green	`#7CFC00`	`124 252 0`
Lime	`#00FF00`	`0 255 0`
Green	`#008000`	`0 128 0`
Dark Green	`#006400`	`0 100 0`
Medium Green	`#037949`	`144 238 144`
Pale Green	`#98FB98`	`152 251 152`
Light Green	`#90EE90`	`144 238 144`
Lime Green	`#32CD32`	`50 205 50`
Forest Green	`#228B22`	`34 139 34`
Medium Spring Green	`#00FA9A`	`0 250 154`
Spring Green	`#00FF7F`	`0 255 127`
Medium Sea Green	`#3CB371`	`60 179 113`
Sea Green	`#2E8B57`	`46 139 87`
Dark Sea Green	`#8FBC8F`	`143 188 143`
Cyan colors
Aquamarine	`#7FFFD4`	`127 255 212`
Medium Aquamarine	`#66CDAA`	`102 205 170`
Turquoise	`#40E0D0`	`64 224 208`
Light Turquoise	`#AFE4DE`	`72 209 204`
Medium Turquoise	`#48D1CC`	`72 209 204`
Dark Turquoise	`#00CED1`	`0 206 209`
Pale Turquoise	`#AFEEEE`	`175 238 238`
Light Sea Green	`#20B2AA`	`32 178 170`
Light Cyan	`#E0FFFF`	`224 255 255`
Aqua or Cyan	`#00FFFF`	`0 255 255`
Dark Cyan	`#008B8B`	`0 139 139`
Teal	`#008080`	`0 128 128`
Powder Blue	`#B0E0E6`	`176 224 230`
Cadet Blue	`#5F9EA0`	`95 158 160`
Azure & Blue colors
Light Blue	`#ADD8E6`	`173 216 230`
Sky Blue	`#87CEEB`	`135 206 235`
Light Sky Blue	`#87CEFA`	`135 206 250`
Deep Sky Blue	`#00BFFF`	`0 191 255`
Dodger Blue	`#1E90FF`	`30 144 255`
Light Steel Blue	`#B0C4DE`	`176 196 222`
Steel Blue	`#4682B4`	`70 130 180`
Cornflower Blue	`#6495ED`	`100 149 237`
Royal Blue	`#4169E1`	`65 105 225`
Blue	`#0000FF`	`0 0 255`
Medium Blue	`#0000CD`	`0 0 205`
Dark Blue	`#00008B`	`0 0 139`
Violet Blue	`#324AB2`	`0 0 139`
Green Blue	`#1164B4`	`0 0 139`
Navy	`#000080`	`0 0 128`
Midnight Blue	`#191970`	`25 25 112`
Medium Slate Blue	`#7B68EE`	`123 104 238`
Slate Blue	`#6A5ACD`	`106 90 205`
Dark Slate Blue	`#483D8B`	`72 61 139`

HTML name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Brown colors
Cornsilk	`#FFF8DC`	`255 248 220`
Blanched Almond	`#FFEBCD`	`255 235 205`
Bisque	`#FFE4C4`	`255 228 196`
Navajo White	`#FFDEAD`	`255 222 173`
Wheat	`F5 DE B3`	`245 222 179`
Burlywood	`DE B8 87`	`222 184 135`
Tan	`D2 B4 8C`	`210 180 140`
Rosy Brown	`BC 8F 8F`	`188 143 143`
Sandy Brown	`F4 A4 60`	`244 164 96`
Peru	`CD 85 3F`	`205 133 63`
Chocolate	`D2 69 1E`	`210 105 30`
Saddle Brown	`8B 45 13`	`139 69 19`
Sienna	`A0 52 2D`	`160 82 45`
White colors
White	`FF FF FF`	`255 255 255`
Dark White	`E1 D9 D1`	`255 255 255`
Snow	`FF FA FA`	`255 250 250`
Honeydew	`F0 FF F0`	`240 255 240`
Mint Cream	`F5 FF FA`	`245 255 250`
Azure	`F0 FF FF`	`240 255 255`
Alice Blue	`F0 F8 FF`	`240 248 255`
Ghost White	`F8 F8 FF`	`248 248 255`
White Smoke	`F5 F5 F5`	`245 245 245`
Seashell	`FF F5 EE`	`255 245 238`
Beige	`F5 F5 DC`	`245 245 220`
Old Lace	`FD F5 E6`	`253 245 230`
Floral White	`FF FA F0`	`255 250 240`
Ivory	`FF FF F0`	`255 255 240`
Antique White	`FA EB D7`	`250 235 215`
Linen	`FA F0 E6`	`250 240 230`
Lavender Blush	`FF F0 F5`	`255 240 245`
Misty Rose	`FF E4 E1`	`255 228 225`
Grey colors
Gainsboro	`DC DC DC`	`220 220 220`
Light Grey	`D3 D3 D3`	`211 211 211`
Silver	`C0 C0 C0`	`192 192 192`
Dark Gray	`A9 A9 A9`	`169 169 169`
Gray	`80 80 80`	`128 128 128`
Dim Gray	`69 69 69`	`105 105 105`
Light Slate Gray	`77 88 99`	`119 136 153`
Slate Gray	`70 80 90`	`112 128 144`
Dark Slate Gray	`2F 4F 4F`	`47 79 79`
Black	`00 00 00`	`0 0 0`

X11 colors (formulated in 1987)

These are called "X11 web colors" since the invention of the World Wide Web in 1991.

X11 name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Red colors
lightcoral	`#F08080`	`240 128 128`
indianred	`#CD5C5C`	`205 92 92`
indianred1	`#FF6A6A`	`255 106 106`
indianred2	`#EE6363`	`238 99 99`
indianred3	`#CD5555`	`205 85 85`
indianred4	`#8B3A3A`	`139 58 58`
firebrick	`#B22222`	`178 34 34`
brown	`#A52A2A`	`165 42 42`
red1	`#FF0000`	`255 0 0`
red4	`#8B0000`	`139 0 0`
salmon	`#FA8072`	`250 128 114`
Pink & Rose colors
pink	`#FFC0CB`	`255 192 203`
lightpink	`#FFB6C1`	`255 182 193`
hotpink	`#FF69B4`	`255 105 180`
deeppink1	`#FF1493`	`255 20 147`
palevioletred	`#DB7093`	`219 112 147`
maroon	`#B03060`	`176 48 96`
Orange colors
peachpuff1	`#FFDAB9`	`255 218 185`
darksalmon	`#E9967A`	`233 150 122`
lightsalmon1	`#FFA07A`	`255 160 122`
coral	`#FF7F50`	`255 127 80`
tomato1	`#FF6347`	`255 99 71`
orangered1	`#FF4500`	`255 69 0`
papayawhip	`#FFEFD5`	`255 239 213`
moccasin	`#FFE4B5`	`255 228 181`
darkorange	`#FF8C00`	`255 140 0`
orange1	`#FFA500`	`255 165 0`

Yellow colors
lightgoldenrodyellow	`#FAFAD2`	`250 250 210`
lightgoldenrod1	`#FFEC8B`	`250 250 210`
lightgoldenrod2	`#EEDC82`	`238 220 130`
lightgoldenrod3	`#CDBE70`	`205 190 112`
lightgoldenrod4	`#8B814C`	`139 129 76`
palegoldenrod	`#EEE8AA`	`238 232 170`
goldenrod	`#DAA520`	`218 165 32`
goldenrod1	`#FFC125`	`255 193 37`
goldenrod2	`#EEB422`	`238 180 34`
goldenrod3	`#CD9B1D`	`205 155 29`
goldenrod4	`#8B6914`	`139 105 20`
darkgoldenrod	`#B8860B`	`184 134 11`
darkgoldenrod1	`#FFB90F`	`255 184 15`
darkgoldenrod2	`#EEAD0E`	`238 173 14`
darkgoldenrod3	`#CD950C`	`205 149 12`
darkgoldenrod4	`#8B6508`	`139 101 8`
gold1	`#FFD700`	`255 215 0`
gold2	`#EEC900`	`238 201 0`
gold3	`#CDAD00`	`205 173 0`
gold4	`#8B7500`	`139 177 0`
lemonchiffon1	`#FFFACD`	`255 250 205`
lemonchiffon2	`#EEE9BF`	`238 233 191`
lemonchiffon3	`#CDC9A5`	`2O5 201 165`
lemonchiffon4	`#8B8970`	`139 137 112`
lightyellow1	`#FFFFE0`	`255 255 224`
lightyellow2	`#EEEED1`	`238 238 209`
lightyellow3	`#CDCDB4`	`205 205 180`
lightyellow4	`#8B8B7A`	`139 139 122`
yellow1	`#FFFF00`	`255 255 0`
yellow2	`#EEEE00`	`238 238 0`
yellow3	`#CDCD00`	`205 205 0`
yellow4	`#8B8B00`	`139 139 0`
khaki	`#F0E68C`	`240 230 140`
khaki1	`#FFF68F`	`255 246 143`
khaki2	`#EEE685`	`238 230 133`
khaki3	`#CDC673`	`205 198 115`
khaki4	`#8B864E`	`139 134 78`
darkkhaki	`#BDB76B`	`189 183 107`
Violet, Purple & Magenta colors
lavender	`#E6E6FA`	`230 230 250`
mediumpurple	`#9370DB`	`147 112 219`
blueviolet	`#8A2BE2`	`138 43 226`
darkviolet	`#9400D3`	`148 0 211`
purple	`#A020F0`	`160 32 240`
mediumorchid	`#BA55D3`	`186 85 211`
darkorchid	`#9932CC`	`153 50 204`
thistle	`#D8BFD8`	`216 191 216`
plum	`#DDA0DD`	`221 160 221`
violet	`#EE82EE`	`238 130 238`
orchid	`#DA70D6`	`218 112 214`
magenta	`#FF00FF`	`255 0 255`
maroon1	`#FF34B3`	`255 52 179`
maroon2	`#EE30A7`	`238 48 167`
maroon3	`#CD2990`	`205 41 144`
maroon4	`#8B1C62`	`139 28 98`
mediumvioletred	`#C71585`	`199 21 133`
violetred	`#D02090`	`208 32 144`

X11 name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Green colors
yellowgreen	`#9ACD32`	`154 205 50`
olivedrab	`#6B8E23`	`107 142 35`
darkolivegreen	`#556B2F`	`85 107 47`
greenyellow	`#ADFF2F`	`173 255 47`
chartreuse1	`#7FFF00`	`127 255 0`
lawngreen	`#7CFC00`	`124 252 0`
green1	`#00FF00`	`0 255 0`
green4	`#008B00`	`0 139 0`
darkgreen	`#006400`	`0 100 0`
palegreen	`#98FB98`	`152 251 152`
limegreen	`#32CD32`	`50 205 50`
forestgreen	`#228B22`	`34 139 34`
mediumspringgreen	`#00FA9A`	`0 250 154`
springgreen1	`#00FF7F`	`0 255 127`
mediumseagreen	`#3CB371`	`60 179 113`
seagreen1	`#54FF9F`	`46 139 87`
darkseagreen	`#8FBC8F`	`143 188 143`
Cyan colors
aquamarine	`#7FFFD4`	`127 255 212`
mediumaquamarine	`#66CDAA`	`102 205 170`
turquoise	`#40E0D0`	`64 224 208`
mediumturquoise	`#48D1CC`	`72 209 204`
darkturquoise	`#00CED1`	`0 206 209`
paleturquoise	`#AFEEEE`	`175 238 238`
lightseagreen	`#20B2AA`	`32 178 170`
lightcyan1	`#E0FFFF`	`224 255 255`
cyan1	`#00FFFF`	`0 255 255`
cyan2	`#00EEEE`	`0 238 238`
cyan3	`#00CDCD`	`0 205 205`
cyan4	`#008B8B`	`0 139 139`
powderblue	`#B0E0E6`	`176 224 230`
cadetblue	`#5F9EA0`	`95 158 160`
Azure & Blue colors
lightblue	`#ADD8E6`	`173 216 230`
skyblue	`#87CEEB`	`135 206 235`
lightskyblue	`#87CEFA`	`135 206 250`
deepskyblue1	`#00BFFF`	`0 191 255`
dodgerblue1	`#1E90FF`	`30 144 255`
lightsteelblue	`#B0C4DE`	`176 196 222`
steelblue	`#4682B4`	`70 130 180`
cornflowerblue	`#6495ED`	`100 149 237`
royalblue	`#4169E1`	`65 105 225`
blue1	`#0000FF`	`0 0 255`
blue2	`#0000EE`	`0 0 238`
mediumblue	`#0000CD`	`0 0 205`
blue4	`#00008B`	`0 0 139`
navyblue	`#000080`	`0 0 128`
midnightblue	`#191970`	`25 25 112`
mediumslateblue	`#7B68EE`	`123 104 238`
slateblue	`#6A5ACD`	`106 90 205`
darkslateblue	`#483D8B`	`72 61 139`

X11 name	Hex	Decimal code R G B
Brown colors
cornsilk1	`FF F8 DC`	`255 248 220`
blanchedalmond	`FF EB CD`	`255 235 205`
bisque1	`FF E4 C4`	`255 228 196`
navajowhite1	`FF DE AD`	`255 222 173`
wheat	`F5 DE B3`	`245 222 179`
burlywood	`DE B8 87`	`222 184 135`
tan	`D2 B4 8C`	`210 180 140`
rosybrown	`BC 8F 8F`	`188 143 143`
sandybrown	`F4 A4 60`	`244 164 96`
peru	`CD 85 3F`	`205 133 63`
chocolate	`D2 69 1E`	`210 105 30`
saddle brown	`8B 45 13`	`139 69 19`
sienna	`A0 52 2D`	`160 82 45`
White colors
white	`FF FF FF`	`255 255 255`
snow1	`FF FA FA`	`255 250 250`
honeydew1	`F0 FF F0`	`240 255 240`
mintcream	`F5 FF FA`	`245 255 250`
azure1	`F0 FF FF`	`240 255 255`
aliceblue	`F0 F8 FF`	`240 248 255`
ghostwhite	`F8 F8 FF`	`248 248 255`
whitesmoke	`F5 F5 F5`	`245 245 245`
seashell1	`FF F5 EE`	`255 245 238`
beige	`F5 F5 DC`	`245 245 220`
oldlace	`FD F5 E6`	`253 245 230`
floralwhite	`FF FA F0`	`255 250 240`
ivory1	`FF FF F0`	`255 255 240`
antiquewhite	`FA EB D7`	`250 235 215`
linen	`FA F0 E6`	`250 240 230`
lavenderblush1	`FF F0 F5`	`255 240 245`
mistyrose1	`FF E4 E1`	`255 228 225`
Grey colors
gainsboro	`DC DC DC`	`220 220 220`
lightgray	`D3 D3 D3`	`211 211 211`
silver	`C0 C0 C0`	`192 192 192`
darkgray	`A9 A9 A9`	`169 169 169`
gray	`80 80 80`	`128 128 128`
dimgray	`69 69 69`	`105 105 105`
lightslategray	`77 88 99`	`119 136 153`
slategray	`70 80 90`	`112 128 144`
darkslategray	`2F 4F 4F`	`47 79 79`
black	`#000000`	`0 0 0`

Chart of selected web colors

This chart shows selected HTML and X11 colors as well as selected unofficial consensus web colors developed by web designers since 2002. When entering code using the unofficial colors, the hex code of the color must be specified instead of writing the name of the color.

References

"Web design details". www.purei.com. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
HTML 4.01 Specification section 6.5 "Colors"
"HTML Color Names". www.w3schools.com. Retrieved 20 February 2021.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] "Web design details". www.purei.com. Retrieved 27 April 2016.

[2] HTML 4.01 Specification section 6.5 "Colors"

[3] "HTML Color Names". www.w3schools.com. Retrieved 20 February 2021.