4 × 100 metres relay
The 4 × 100 metres relay or sprint relay is an athletics track event run in lanes over one lap of the track with four runners completing 100 metres each. The first runners must begin in the same stagger as for the individual 400 m race. Each runner carries a relay baton. Before 2018, the baton had to be passed within a 20 m changeover box, preceded by a 10-metre acceleration zone. With a rule change effective November 1, 2017, that zone was modified to include the acceleration zone as part of the passing zone, making the entire zone 30 metres in length. The outgoing runner cannot touch the baton until it has entered the zone, and the incoming runner cannot touch it after it has left the zone. The zone is usually marked in yellow, frequently using lines, triangles or chevrons. While the rule book specifies the exact positioning of the marks, the colours and style are only "recommended". While most legacy tracks will still have the older markings, the rule change still uses existing marks.[1] Not all governing body jurisdictions have adopted the rule change.
| Athletics 4 × 100 metres relay | |
|---|---|
 The finish at the Rio 2016 Olympics | |
| World records | |
| Men |  Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 36.84 (2012) |
| Women | .png.webp){kind=small} United States (Tianna Bartoletta, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter) 40.82 (2012) |
| Olympic records | |
| Men | Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 36.84 (2012) |
| Women | United States (Tianna Bartoletta, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter) 40.82 (2012) |
| World Championship records | |
| Men | Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 37.04 (2011) |
| Women | United States (Tamari Davis, Twanisha Terry, Gabrielle Thomas, Sha'Carri Richardson) 41.03 (2023) |
The transfer of the baton in this race is typically blind. The outgoing runner reaches a straight arm backwards when entering the changeover box or when the incoming runner makes a verbal signal. The outgoing runner does not look back, and it is the responsibility of the incoming runner to thrust the baton into the outstretched hand and not let go until the outgoing runner takes hold of it without crossing the changeover box and stops after the baton is exchanged.[2][3] Runners on the first and third legs typically run on the inside of the lane with the baton in their right hand, while runners on the second and fourth legs take the baton in their left. Polished handovers can compensate for lack of basic speed to some extent, and disqualification for dropping the baton or failing to transfer it within the box is common, even at the highest level.[4] Relay times are typically 2–3 seconds faster than the sum of best times of individual runners.
The United States men and women historically dominated this event through the 20th century, winning Olympic gold medals and the most IAAF/World Athletics championships. Carl Lewis ran the anchor leg on U.S. relay teams that set six world records from 1983 to 1992, including the first team to break 38 seconds.
The current men's world record stands at 36.84, set by the Jamaican team at the final of the 2012 London Olympic Games on 11 August 2012. As the only team to break 37 seconds to date, Jamaica has been the dominant team in the sport, winning two consecutive Olympic Gold Medals and four consecutive World Championships. The Jamaican team also set the previous record of 37.04 seconds at the 2011 World Championships.
The fastest electronically timed anchor leg run is 8.65 seconds by Usain Bolt at the 2015 IAAF World Relays,[5] while Bob Hayes was hand-timed as running 8.7 seconds on a cinder track in the 1964 Tokyo Games Final. The Tokyo Games also had electronic timing. High-speed modern video analysis shows his time to be a more realistic 8.95-9.0 seconds in the final, a much more consistent time relative to his Fully Automatic Timing 10.06s 100m world record and more in line with the usual +0.25s-0.3s hand time to FAT conversion.[6]
The women's world record stands at 40.82 seconds, set by the United States in 2012 at the London Olympics. The fastest anchor leg run by a woman was run by Christine Arron of France, timed unofficially at 9.67s.[7]
According to the IAAF rules, world records in relays can only be set if all team members have the same nationality.
History
From the beginnings to the first official world record
If on the European continent the metric system is the one almost exclusively used (4 × 100 metres, or a lap of 400 m), where the imperial system is still used (UK, USA and Australia, mainly) this relay was rather ran over the distance of 4 × 110 yards, a total of 402.34 m, and that, until the late 1960s. The runway at Hayward Field was shortened to 400 m only in 1987.
Paradoxically, the first race recognized as certain, without however being an official world record, dates back to 1897, shortly after the creation, on 8 May, of the Česká amatérská atletická unie (ČAAU). On June 26 of that year, during Sparta's 5th match in Prague, the organizing team, AC Sparta Praha, defeated MAC Budapest, in 48 1/5 seconds.
Unlike the "long" 4×400 m relay, whose origins are clearly American, because it derives from the 4×440 yards, the 4×100 m relay is therefore of European origin. The Scandinavians, in particular, have introduced this new specialty into their programmes, in the hope of being able to play a decisive role in it.
Before World War I, this foundation period of the relay was gradually enhanced by various German or Swedish teams (such as AIK Stockholm), until the semi-finals of the Stockholm Olympic Games (1912) where this event made its Olympic appearance:
- in the 1st semi-final, the Great Britain team (consisting of David Jacobs, Henry Macintosh, Victor d'Arcy, and William Applegarth) reached 43 seconds 0 tenths (43 s) for the first time, behind the Americans who had finished in 42 seconds 5 , but who were disqualified for passing the baton out of the area;
- in the second semifinal, the Swedish team (Ivan Möller, Charles Luther, Ture Person and Knut Lindberg) took this record to 42 s 5, ahead of Hungary in 42 s 9.
These two runs have not been recognized by the IAAF as the first world records, despite their official nature. The first officially recognized world record for the fast relay is that of the German team, which on 8 July 1912, during the 3rd semifinal, runs in 42 seconds 3 tenths. The team consisted of Otto Röhr, Max Herrmann, Erwin Kern, and Richard Rau. In the final Great Britain, despite having finished second again, behind the favorites and the new world record holders, still won the gold medal, due to the loss of the German baton. Sweden is second in 42 s 6. The bronze medal is not awarded, because the Americans, still clumsy in passing the baton, were also downgraded. The German record in the semifinal (42"3) will remain the best result of the year. In 1913 it will be recognized by the newly formed IAAF as the first official world record of the specialty.[8]
After this first Olympic event, in addition to the 4×400 m relay, the 4×100 m relay established itself as a classic Olympic event and will always remain on the programme, first for men, then extended to women. The two relays undergo little transformation over time. However, since 1926, the baton bearer has to remain in the baton transmission area, which is 20 m long. It wasn't until 1963 that the rules were relaxed: a 10m run-up zone, before this zone, allowed him to better tackle the run-up.
Continental records
Updated 25 August 2023[9]
| Area | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time (s) | Athletes | Team | Time (s) | Athletes | Team | |
| Africa (records) | 37.65 | Thando Dlodlo, Simon Magakwe, Clarence Munyai, Akani Simbine |  RSA |
41.90 | Murielle Ahouré-Demps, Marie-Josée Ta Lou, Jessika Gbai, Maboundou Koné |  Ivory Coast (CIV) |
| Asia (records) | 37.43 | Shuhei Tada, Kirara Shiraishi, Yoshihide Kiryu, Abdul Hakim Sani Brown |  Japan |
42.23 | Li Xuemei, Liu Xiaomei, Li Yali, Xiao Lin | Sichuan (  China) |
| Europe (records) | 37.36 | Adam Gemili, Zharnel Hughes, Richard Kilty, Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |  UK |
41.37 | Marlies Göhr, Ingrid Auerswald-Lange, Sabine Rieger, Silke Möller |  GDR |
| North, Central America and Caribbean (records) |
36.84 WR | Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt | Jamaica |
40.82 WR | Tianna Madison, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter |  USA |
| Oceania (records) | 38.17 | Paul Henderson, Tim Jackson, Steve Brimacombe, Damien Marsh | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Australia |
42.94 | Ebony Lane, Bree Masters, Ella Connolly, Torrie Lewis | Australia |
| Anthony Alozie, Isaac Ntiamoah, Andrew McCabe, Joshua Ross | ||||||
| South America (records) | 37.72 | Rodrigo do Nascimento, Vitor Hugo dos Santos, Derick Silva, Paulo André Camilo |  Brazil |
42.29 | Evelyn dos Santos, Ana Cláudia Lemos, Franciela Krasucki, Rosângela Santos | Brazil |
All-time top 10 by country
Key to tables:
Not ratified or later rescinded
X = annulled due to doping violation
Men
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 36.84 | Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt | Jamaica |
11 August 2012 | London | [12] |
| 2 | ||||||
| 37.04 X | Trell Kimmons, Justin Gatlin, Tyson Gay, Ryan Bailey | United States |
11 August 2012 | London | [13] | |
| 37.10 | Christian Coleman, Justin Gatlin, Mike Rodgers, Noah Lyles | United States |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [14] | |
| 3 | 37.36 | Adam Gemili, Zharnel Hughes, Richard Kilty, Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake | Great Britain |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [14] |
| 4 | 37.43 | Shuhei Tada, Kirara Shiraishi, Yoshihide Kiryu, Abdul Hakim Sani Brown | Japan |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [14] |
| 5 | 37.48 | Aaron Brown, Jerome Blake, Brendon Rodney, Andre De Grasse | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada |
23 July 2022 | Eugene | [15] |
| 6 | 37.50 | Lorenzo Patta, Marcell Jacobs, Fausto Desalu, Filippo Tortu |  Italy |
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [16] |
| 7 | 37.62 | Darrel Brown, Marc Burns, Emmanuel Callander, Richard Thompson |  Trinidad and Tobago |
22 August 2009 | Berlin | |
| 8 | 37.65 | Thando Dlodlo, Simon Magakwe, Clarence Munyai, Akani Simbine | South Africa |
4 October 2019 | Doha | [17] |
| 9 | 37.72 | Rodrigo do Nascimento, Vitor Hugo dos Santos, Derick Silva, Paulo André de Oliveira | Brazil |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [14] |
| 10 | 37.79 | Su Bingtian, Xu Zhouzheng, Wu Zhiqiang, Xie Zhenye | China |
4 October 2019 | Doha | [18] |
| Tang Xingqiang, Xie Zhenye, Su Bingtian, Wu Zhiqiang | China |
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [19] | ||
| Max Morinière, Daniel Sangouma, Jean-Charles Trouabal, Bruno Marie-Rose |  France |
1 September 1990 | Split |
Women
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40.82 | Tianna Madison, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter | United States |
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 2 | 41.02 | Briana Williams, Elaine Thompson-Herah, Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, Shericka Jackson | Jamaica |
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [22] |
| 3 | 41.37 | Silke Gladisch-Möller, Sabine Rieger-Günther, Ingrid Auerswald-Lange, Marlies Göhr | German Democratic Republic |
6 October 1985 | Canberra | |
| 4 | 41.49 | Olga Bogoslovskaya, Galina Malchugina, Natalya Voronova, Irina Privalova |  Russia |
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |
| 5 | 41.55 | Asha Philip, Imani Lansiquot, Dina Asher-Smith, Daryll Neita | Great Britain |
5 August 2021 | Tokyo | [23] |
| 6 | 41.63 | Tatjana Pinto, Lisa Mayer, Gina Lückenkemper, Rebekka Haase |  Germany |
29 July 2016 | Mannheim | |
| 7 | 41.78 | Patricia Girard, Muriel Hurtis-Houairi, Sylviane Félix, Christine Arron | France |
30 August 2003 | Paris | |
| 8 | 41.90 | Murielle Ahouré-Demps, Marie-Josée Ta Lou, Jessika Gbai, Maboundou Koné | Ivory Coast |
25 August 2023 | Budapest | [24] |
| 9 | 41.92 | Savatheda Fynes, Chandra Sturrup, Pauline Davis-Thompson, Debbie Ferguson |  Bahamas |
29 August 1999 | Sevilla | |
| 10 | 42.00 | Antonina Pobyubko, Natalya Voronova, Marina Zhirova, Elvira Barbashina |  Soviet Union |
17 August 1985 | Moscow |
All-time top 25
Men
Note:
- A USA team ran 37.04 in London in 2012 but the performance was annulled due to use of performance-enhancing drugs by Tyson Gay
- A Jamaican team ran 37.10 in Beijing in 2008 but the performance was annulled due to use of performance-enhancing drugs by Nesta Carter
- A USA team ran 37.38 in the heats in London in 2012 but the performance was retrospectively disqualified following drug test failure by Tyson Gay, even though Gay only ran in the final and not the heat.
- A UK team ran 37.51 in Tokyo in 2021 but the performance was annulled due to use of performance-enhancing drugs by Chijindu Ujah
Women
| Rank | Time | Team | Nationality | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40.82 | Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix Bianca Knight Carmelita Jeter |
United States |
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 2 | 41.01 | Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix English Gardner Tori Bowie |
United States |
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 3 | 41.02 | Briana Williams Elaine Thompson-Herah Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica |
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [36] |
| 4 | 41.03 | Tamari Davis Twanisha Terry Gabrielle Thomas Sha'Carri Richardson |
United States |
26 August 2023 | Budapest | [28] |
| 5 | 41.07 | Veronica Campbell-Brown Natasha Morrison Elaine Thompson Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica |
29 August 2015 | Beijing | |
| 6 | 41.14 | Melissa Jefferson Abby Steiner Jenna Prandini Twanisha Terry |
United States |
23 July 2022 | Eugene | [37] |
| 7 | 41.18 | Kemba Nelson Elaine Thompson-Herah Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica |
23 July 2022 | Eugene | [38] |
| 8 | 41.21 | Natasha Morrison Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shashalee Forbes Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica |
26 August 2023 | Budapest | [28] |
| 9 | 41.29 | Carrie Russell Kerron Stewart Schillonie Calvert Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica |
18 August 2013 | Moscow | |
| 10 | 41.36 | Christania Williams Elaine Thompson Veronica Campbell-Brown Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica |
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 11 | 41.37 | Silke Gladisch-Möller Sabine Rieger-Günther Ingrid Auerswald-Lange Marlies Göhr |
German Democratic Republic |
6 October 1985 | Canberra | |
| 12 | 41.41 | Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sherone Simpson Veronica Campbell-Brown Kerron Stewart |
Jamaica |
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 13 | 41.44 | Natalliah Whyte Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Jonielle Smith Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [39] |
| 14 | 41.45 | Javianne Oliver Teahna Daniels Jenna Prandini Gabrielle Thomas |
United States |
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [40] |
| 15 | 41.47 | Chryste Gaines Marion Jones Inger Miller Gail Devers |
United States |
9 August 1997 | Athens | |
| 16 | 41.49 | Olga Bogoslovskaya Galina Malchugina Natalya Pomoshchnikova-Voronova Irina Privalova |
Russia |
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |
| Michelle Finn-Burrell Gwen Torrence Wendy Vereen Gail Devers |
United States |
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |||
| 18 | 41.52 | Chryste Gaines Marion Jones Inger Miller Gail Devers |
United States |
8 August 1997 | Athens | |
| 19 | 41.53 | Silke Gladisch-Möller Marita Koch Ingrid Auerswald-Lange Marlies Göhr |
German Democratic Republic |
31 July 1983 | Berlin | |
| 20 | 41.55 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Florence Griffith-Joyner Pam Marshall |
United States |
21 August 1987 | Berlin | |
| Asha Philip Imani Lansiquot Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
Great Britain |
5 August 2021 | Tokyo | [41] | ||
| Texas Longhorns Julien Alfred Ezinne Abba Rhasidat Adeleke Kevona Davis |
 St. Lucia United States Ireland Jamaica |
8 June 2023 | Austin | [42] | ||
| 23 | 41.56 | Bianca Knight Allyson Felix Marshevet Myers Carmelita Jeter |
United States |
4 September 2011 | Daegu | |
| Melissa Jefferson Aleia Hobbs Jenna Prandini Twanisha Terry |
United States |
22 July 2022 | Eugene | [43] | ||
| 25 | 41.58 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Florence Griffith-Joyner Pam Marshall |
United States |
6 September 1987 | Rome | |
| Lauryn Williams Allyson Felix Muna Lee Carmelita Jeter |
United States |
8 August 2009 | Cottbus |
Olympic Games medalists
Men
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm |
Great Britain (GBR) David Jacobs Henry Macintosh Victor d'Arcy Willie Applegarth |
 Sweden (SWE)Ivan Möller Charles Luther Ture Persson Knut Lindberg |
none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United States (USA)Charley Paddock Jackson Scholz Loren Murchison Morris Kirksey |
France (FRA) René Lorain René Tirard René Mourlon Émile Ali-Khan |
Sweden (SWE) Agne Holmström William Petersson Sven Malm Nils Sandström |
| 1924 Paris |
United States (USA) Loren Murchison Louis Clarke Frank Hussey Al LeConey |
Great Britain (GBR) Harold Abrahams Walter Rangeley Wilfred Nichol Lancelot Royle |
 Netherlands (NED)Jan de Vries Jaap Boot Harry Broos Rinus van den Berge |
| 1928 Amsterdam |
United States (USA) Frank Wykoff James Quinn Charley Borah Henry Russell |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Germany (GER)Georg Lammers Richard Corts Hubert Houben Helmut Körnig |
Great Britain (GBR) Cyril Gill Edward Smouha Walter Rangeley Jack London |
| 1932 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Bob Kiesel Emmett Toppino Hector Dyer Frank Wykoff |
Germany (GER) Helmut Körnig Friedrich Hendrix Erich Borchmeyer Arthur Jonath |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Italy (ITA)Giuseppe Castelli Ruggero Maregatti Gabriele Salviati Edgardo Toetti |
| 1936 Berlin |
United States (USA) Jesse Owens Ralph Metcalfe Foy Draper Frank Wykoff |
Italy (ITA) Orazio Mariani Gianni Caldana Elio Ragni Tullio Gonnelli |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Germany (GER)Wilhelm Leichum Erich Borchmeyer Erwin Gillmeister Gerd Hornberger |
| 1948 London |
United States (USA) Barney Ewell Lorenzo Wright Harrison Dillard Mel Patton |
Great Britain (GBR) Jack Archer Jack Gregory Alastair McCorquodale Kenneth Jones |
Italy (ITA) Michele Tito Enrico Perucconi Antonio Siddi Carlo Monti |
| 1952 Helsinki |
United States (USA) Dean Smith Harrison Dillard Lindy Remigino Andy Stanfield |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Soviet Union (URS)Boris Tokarev Levan Kalyayev Levan Sanadze Vladimir Sukharev |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Hungary (HUN)László Zarándi Géza Varasdi György Csányi Béla Goldoványi |
| 1956 Melbourne |
United States (USA) Ira Murchison Leamon King Thane Baker Bobby Morrow |
Soviet Union (URS) Leonid Bartenyev Boris Tokarev Yuriy Konovalov Vladimir Sukharev |
United Team of Germany (EUA) Lothar Knörzer Leonhard Pohl Heinz Fütterer Manfred Germar |
| 1960 Rome |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United Team of Germany (EUA)Bernd Cullmann Armin Hary Walter Mahlendorf Martin Lauer |
Soviet Union (URS) Gusman Kosanov Leonid Bartenyev Yuriy Konovalov Edvin Ozolin |
Great Britain (GBR) Peter Radford David Jones David Segal Nick Whitehead |
| 1964 Tokyo |
United States (USA) Paul Drayton Gerry Ashworth Richard Stebbins Bob Hayes |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Poland (POL)Andrzej Zieliński Wiesław Maniak Marian Foik Marian Dudziak |
France (FRA) Paul Genevay Bernard Laidebeur Claude Piquemal Jocelyn Delecour |
| 1968 Mexico City |
United States (USA) Charles Greene Mel Pender Ronnie Ray Smith Jim Hines |
 Cuba (CUB)Hermes Ramírez Juan Morales Pablo Montes Enrique Figuerola |
France (FRA) Gérard Fenouil Jocelyn Delecour Claude Piquemal Roger Bambuck |
| 1972 Munich |
United States (USA) Larry Black Robert Taylor Gerald Tinker Eddie Hart |
Soviet Union (URS) Aleksandr Kornelyuk Vladimir Lovetskiy Juris Silovs Valeriy Borzov |
West Germany (FRG) Jobst Hirscht Karlheinz Klotz Gerhard Wucherer Klaus Ehl |
| 1976 Montreal |
United States (USA) Harvey Glance Lam Jones Millard Hampton Steve Riddick |
East Germany (GDR) Manfred Kokot Jörg Pfeifer Klaus-Dieter Kurrat Alexander Thieme |
Soviet Union (URS) Aleksandr Aksinin Nikolay Kolesnikov Juris Silovs Valeriy Borzov |
| 1980 Moscow |
Soviet Union (URS) Vladimir Muravyov Nikolay Sidorov Aleksandr Aksinin Andrey Prokofyev |
 Poland (POL)Krzysztof Zwoliński Zenon Licznerski Leszek Dunecki Marian Woronin |
 France (FRA)Antoine Richard Pascal Barré Patrick Barré Hermann Panzo |
| 1984 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Sam Graddy Ron Brown Calvin Smith Carl Lewis |
Jamaica (JAM) Albert Lawrence Greg Meghoo Don Quarrie Ray Stewart |
Canada (CAN) Ben Johnson Tony Sharpe Desai Williams Sterling Hinds |
| 1988 Seoul |
Soviet Union (URS) Viktor Bryzhin Vladimir Krylov Vladimir Muravyov Vitaliy Savin |
Great Britain (GBR) Elliot Bunney John Regis Mike McFarlane Linford Christie |
France (FRA) Bruno Marie-Rose Daniel Sangouma Gilles Quénéhervé Max Morinière |
| 1992 Barcelona |
United States (USA) Michael Marsh Leroy Burrell Dennis Mitchell Carl Lewis James Jett* |
 Nigeria (NGR)Oluyemi Kayode Chidi Imoh Olapade Adeniken Davidson Ezinwa Osmond Ezinwa* |
Cuba (CUB) Andrés Simón Joel Lamela Joel Isasi Jorge Aguilera |
| 1996 Atlanta |
Canada (CAN) Robert Esmie Glenroy Gilbert Bruny Surin Donovan Bailey Carlton Chambers* |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Tim Harden Michael Marsh Dennis Mitchell Tim Montgomery* |
Brazil (BRA) Arnaldo da Silva Robson da Silva Édson Ribeiro André Domingos |
| 2000 Sydney |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Bernard Williams Brian Lewis Maurice Greene Tim Montgomery* Kenny Brokenburr* |
Brazil (BRA) Vicente de Lima Édson Ribeiro André Domingos Claudinei da Silva Cláudio Roberto Souza |
Cuba (CUB) José Ángel César Luis Alberto Pérez-Rionda Ivan García Freddy Mayola |
| 2004 Athens |
Great Britain (GBR) Jason Gardener Darren Campbell Marlon Devonish Mark Lewis-Francis |
United States (USA) Shawn Crawford Justin Gatlin Coby Miller Maurice Greene Darvis Patton* |
Nigeria (NGR) Olusoji Fasuba Uchenna Emedolu Aaron Egbele Deji Aliu |
| 2008 Beijing |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Keston Bledman Marc Burns Emmanuel Callender Richard Thompson Aaron Armstrong*[44] |
Japan (JPN) Naoki Tsukahara Shingo Suetsugu Shinji Takahira Nobuharu Asahara |
Brazil (BRA) Vicente de Lima Sandro Viana Bruno de Barros José Carlos Moreira |
| 2012 London |
Jamaica (JAM) Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Usain Bolt Kemar Bailey-Cole* |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Richard Thompson Marc Burns Emmanuel Callender Keston Bledman |
France (FRA) Jimmy Vicaut Christophe Lemaitre Pierre-Alexis Pessonneaux Ronald Pognon |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro |
Jamaica (JAM) Asafa Powell Yohan Blake Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt Jevaughn Minzie* Kemar Bailey-Cole* |
Japan (JPN) Ryota Yamagata Shōta Iizuka Yoshihide Kiryū Asuka Cambridge |
Canada (CAN) Akeem Haynes Aaron Brown Brendon Rodney Andre De Grasse Bolade Ajomale* |
| 2020 Tokyo |
Italy (ITA) Lorenzo Patta Marcell Jacobs Fausto Desalu Filippo Tortu |
Canada (CAN) Aaron Brown Jerome Blake Brendon Rodney Andre De Grasse[45] |
China (CHN) Tang Xingqiang Xie Zhenye Su Bingtian Wu Zhiqiang |
| 2024 Paris |
Note: * Indicates athletes who ran in preliminary rounds and also received medals.
Women
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada (CAN)Fanny Rosenfeld Ethel Smith Jane Bell Myrtle Cook |
United States (USA) Mary Washburn Jessie Cross Loretta McNeil Betty Robinson |
Germany (GER) Rosa Kellner Leni Schmidt Anni Holdmann Leni Junker |
| 1932 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Mary Carew Evelyn Furtsch Annette Rogers Wilhelmina von Bremen |
Canada (CAN) Mildred Fizzell Lillian Palmer Mary Frizzell Hilda Strike |
Great Britain (GBR) Eileen Hiscock Gwendoline Porter Violet Webb Nellie Halstead |
| 1936 Berlin |
United States (USA) Harriet Bland Annette Rogers Betty Robinson Helen Stephens |
Great Britain (GBR) Eileen Hiscock Violet Olney Audrey Brown Barbara Burke |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada (CAN)Dorothy Brookshaw Jeanette Dolson Hilda Cameron Aileen Meagher |
| 1948 London |
Netherlands (NED) Xenia Stad-de Jong Netti Witziers-Timmer Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs Fanny Blankers-Koen |
 Australia (AUS)Shirley Strickland June Maston Betty McKinnon Joyce King |
Canada (CAN) Viola Myers Nancy Mackay Diane Foster Patricia Jones |
| 1952 Helsinki |
United States (USA) Mae Faggs Barbara Jones Janet Moreau Catherine Hardy |
Germany (GER) Ursula Knab Maria Sander Helga Klein Marga Petersen |
Great Britain (GBR) Sylvia Cheeseman June Foulds Jean Pickering Heather Armitage |
| 1956 Melbourne |
Australia (AUS) Shirley Strickland de la Hunty Norma Croker Fleur Mellor Betty Cuthbert |
Great Britain (GBR) Anne Pashley Jean Scrivens June Foulds Heather Armitage |
United States (USA) Mae Faggs Margaret Matthews Wilma Rudolph Isabelle Daniels |
| 1960 Rome |
United States (USA) Martha Hudson Lucinda Williams Barbara Jones Wilma Rudolph |
United Team of Germany (EUA) Martha Langbein Anni Biechl Brunhilde Hendrix Jutta Heine |
Poland (POL) Teresa Wieczorek Barbara Sobotta Celina Jesionowska Halina Richter |
| 1964 Tokyo |
Poland (POL) Teresa Ciepły Irena Kirszenstein Halina Górecka Ewa Kłobukowska |
United States (USA) Willye White Wyomia Tyus Marilyn White Edith McGuire |
Great Britain (GBR) Janet Simpson Mary Rand Daphne Arden Dorothy Hyman |
| 1968 Mexico City |
United States (USA) Barbara Ferrell Margaret Bailes Mildrette Netter Wyomia Tyus |
Cuba (CUB) Marlene Elejarde Fulgencia Romay Violetta Quesada Miguelina Cobián |
Soviet Union (URS) Lyudmila Zharkova Galina Bukharina Vera Popkova Lyudmila Samotyosova |
| 1972 Munich |
West Germany (FRG) Christiane Krause Ingrid Mickler-Becker Annegret Richter Heide Rosendahl |
East Germany (GDR) Evelin Kaufer Christina Heinich Bärbel Struppert Renate Stecher |
Cuba (CUB) Marlene Elejarde Carmen Valdés Fulgencia Romay Silvia Chivás |
| 1976 Montreal |
East Germany (GDR) Marlies Oelsner Renate Stecher Carla Bodendorf Bärbel Eckert |
West Germany (FRG) Elvira Possekel Inge Helten Annegret Richter Annegret Kroniger |
Soviet Union (URS) Tatyana Prorochenko Lyudmila Maslakova Nadezhda Besfamilnaya Vera Anisimova |
| 1980 Moscow |
East Germany (GDR) Romy Müller Bärbel Wöckel Ingrid Auerswald Marlies Göhr |
Soviet Union (URS) Vera Komisova Lyudmila Maslakova Vera Anisimova Natalya Bochina |
Great Britain (GBR) Heather Oakes Kathy Smallwood-Cook Beverley Goddard Sonia Lannaman |
| 1984 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Alice Brown Jeanette Bolden Chandra Cheeseborough Evelyn Ashford |
Canada (CAN) Angela Bailey Marita Payne Angella Taylor-Issajenko France Gareau |
Great Britain (GBR) Simmone Jacobs Kathy Smallwood-Cook Beverley Callander Heather Oakes |
| 1988 Seoul |
United States (USA) Alice Brown Sheila Echols Florence Griffith Joyner Evelyn Ashford Dannette Young* |
East Germany (GDR) Silke Möller Kerstin Behrendt Ingrid Auerswald Marlies Göhr |
Soviet Union (URS) Lyudmila Kondratyeva Galina Malchugina Marina Zhirova Natalya Pomoschnikova Maia Azarashvili* |
| 1992 Barcelona |
United States (USA) Evelyn Ashford Esther Jones Carlette Guidry Gwen Torrence Michelle Finn* |
Unified Team (EUN) Olga Bogoslovskaya Galina Malchugina Marina Trandenkova Irina Privalova |
Nigeria (NGR) Beatrice Utondu Faith Idehen Christy Opara-Thompson Mary Onyali-Omagbemi |
| 1996 Atlanta |
United States (USA) Gail Devers Inger Miller Chryste Gaines Gwen Torrence Carlette Guidry* |
Bahamas (BAH) Eldece Clarke Chandra Sturrup Savatheda Fynes Pauline Davis-Thompson Debbie Ferguson* |
Jamaica (JAM) Michelle Freeman Juliet Cuthbert Nikole Mitchell Merlene Ottey Gillian Russell* Andria Lloyd* |
| 2000 Sydney |
Bahamas (BAH) Savatheda Fynes Chandra Sturrup Pauline Davis-Thompson Debbie Ferguson Eldece Clarke-Lewis* |
Jamaica (JAM) Tayna Lawrence Veronica Campbell Beverly McDonald Merlene Ottey Merlene Frazer* |
United States (USA) Chryste Gaines Torri Edwards Nanceen Perry Passion Richardson* |
| 2004 Athens |
Jamaica (JAM) Tayna Lawrence Sherone Simpson Aleen Bailey Veronica Campbell Beverly McDonald* |
Russia (RUS) Olga Stulneva Yuliya Tabakova Irina Khabarova Larisa Kruglova |
France (FRA) Véronique Mang Muriel Hurtis-Houairi Sylviane Félix Christine Arron |
| 2008 Beijing |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Belgium (BEL)Kim Gevaert Élodie Ouédraogo Hanna Mariën Olivia Borlée |
Nigeria (NGR) Halimat Ismaila Oludamola Osayomi Agnes Osazuwa Gloria Kemasuode Ene Franca Idoko* |
Brazil (BRA) Rosemar Coelho Neto Lucimar de Moura Thaissa Presti Rosângela Santos |
| 2012 London |
United States (USA) Tianna Madison Allyson Felix Bianca Knight Carmelita Jeter Jeneba Tarmoh* Lauryn Williams* |
Jamaica (JAM) Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sherone Simpson Veronica Campbell-Brown Kerron Stewart Samantha Henry-Robinson* Schillonie Calvert* |
 Ukraine (UKR)Olesya Povh Khrystyna Stuy Mariya Ryemyen Yelyzaveta Bryzhina |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro |
United States (USA) Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix English Gardner Tori Bowie Morolake Akinosun* |
Jamaica (JAM) Christania Williams Elaine Thompson Veronica Campbell-Brown Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Simone Facey* Shashalee Forbes* |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Desirèe Henry Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
| 2020 Tokyo |
Jamaica (JAM) Briana Williams Elaine Thompson-Herah Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shericka Jackson Natasha Morrison* Remona Burchell* |
United States (USA) Javianne Oliver Teahna Daniels Jenna Prandini Gabrielle Thomas English Gardner* Aleia Hobbs* |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Imani Lansiquot Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
Note: * Indicates athletes who ran in preliminary rounds and also received medals.
- nb Note: Marion Jones was stripped of all her Olympic medal.
- In 2008 the Russian team of Evgeniya Polyakova, Aleksandra Fedoriva, Yulia Gushchina and Yuliya Chermoshanskaya were awarded the gold medals, however, these were rescinded in 2016 following disqualification of Chermoshanskaya for use of performance-enhancing drugs.[46]
World Championships medalists
Men
Note * Indicates athletes who ran only in the preliminary round and also received medals.
- 4x100m dq1 The Nigerian team of Innocent Asonze, Francis Obikwelu, Daniel Effiong and Deji Aliu originally finished third in the 1999 World Championship, but were disqualified after Asonze was found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
- 4x100m dq2 The United States team of Mickey Grimes, Bernard Williams, Dennis Mitchell and Tim Montgomery originally won the 2001 World Championship in a time of 37.96 seconds, but were disqualified after Montgomery admitted to drug use as a result of the BALCO scandal in 2005.
- 4x100m dq3 The British team of Christian Malcolm, Darren Campbell, Marlon Devonish and Dwain Chambers originally finished second in the 2003 World Championship, but were disqualified after Chambers was found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
Medals by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States (USA) | 9 | 3 | 0 | 12 |
| 2 | Jamaica (JAM) | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 |
| 3 | Canada (CAN) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| 4 | Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 3 | 6 | 10 |
| 5 | France (FRA) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 6 | South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 8 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 9 | Australia (AUS) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Soviet Union (URS) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 12 | Nigeria (NGR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| China (CHN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 14 | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 15 | Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Women
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Note * Indicates athletes who ran only in the preliminary round and also received medals.
- dq1 The United States team of Kelli White, Chryste Gaines, Inger Miller, and Marion Jones originally won the 2001 World Championship in a time of 41.71 seconds, but were disqualified after Jones and White were found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
See also
- Men's 4 × 100 metres relay world record progression
- Women's 4 × 100 metres relay world record progression
- Italy national relays team at the international athletics championships
- List of fastest anchor legs
Notes and references
- "Library | World Athletics | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- Price, Satchel. "How do track relay handoffs work?". SB Nation. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- "Keys to secure a smooth baton handoff". Human Kinetics. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- Ellis, Aaron. "Why Do Baton Drops Happen So Often in Professional Relay Races?". Huffington post. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- "Men's 4x100m relay". alltime-athletics.com. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- "Bob Hayes". ESPN. Archived from the original on 9 March 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- "50 Golden Moments: Arron's brilliance in Budapest". European Athletics. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
- La Fabuleuse Histoire de l'athlétisme, Robert Parienté, éditions O.D.I.L., Paris 1978, p. 1006.
- "World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- "All-time men's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
- "All-time men's best 4×100m Relay". alltime-athletics.com. 27 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- "The XXX Olympic Games - 4x100 metres Relay Men Final - Results". IAAF. 11 August 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- "4x100 Metres Relay Results". IAAF. 11 August 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
- "4×100m Relay Men − Final − Results" (PDF). IAAF. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- 2019 Heats
- "4×100m Relay Round 1 Results" (PDF). IAAF. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- "All-time women's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 24 August 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
- "All-time women's best 4×100m Relay". alltime-athletics.com. 21 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). olympics.com. 5 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). World Athletics. 25 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- "All-time men's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- "Usain Bolt stripped of 2008 Olympic relay gold after Nesta Carter fails drug test". the Guardian. 25 January 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- "The XXX Olympic Games | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- "Treble for Lyles and a relay championship record on night when Kipyegon and Duplantis shine | News | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- "FINAL | 4x100 Metres Relay | Results | Bahamas 24 | World Athletics Relays". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- "4×100m Relay Results" (PDF). IAAF. 12 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- "OLYMPIC-QUALIFYING-ROUND-1 | 4x100 Metres Relay | Results | Bahamas 24 | World Athletics Relays". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- "All-time women's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 19 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
- "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- "4×400m Relay Women − Final − Results" (PDF). IAAF. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). olympics.com. 5 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- "4×100m Relay Semifinals Results" (PDF). flashresults.ncaa.com. 8 June 2023. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). World Athletics. 22 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
- On 25 January 2017, the Jamaican team was stripped of the gold medal due to Nesta Carter testing positive for the prohibited substance methylhexaneamine. The IOC requested that the IAAF modify the results, and, after CAS dismissed Carter's appeal, the medals were redistributed accordingly. Trinidad and Tobago team was advanced to gold, Japan to silver, and Brazil to bronze.
- On 18 February 2022, the British team was stripped of the silver medal due to CJ Ujah testing positive for the prohibited substances ostarine and S-23. After the medals were redistributed, Italy retained the gold medal, while the Canadian team advanced to silver and the Chinese team advanced to bronze.
- IOC sanctions Yulia Chermoshanskaya for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008
External links
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