Patan, Gujarat

Patan (pronunciationⓘ), also known as Anahilavad, is the administrative seat of Patan district in the Indian state of Gujarat and is an administered municipality. It was the capital of Gujarat's Chavda and Chaulukya dynasties in medieval times, and is also known as Anhilpur-Patan to distinguish it from Prabhas Patan. During the rule of Gujarat Sultanate, it was the capital from 1407 to 1411.

Patan
Anhilvad, Anhilpur
City
Rani Ki Vav
Rani Ki Vav
Nickname: 
Patola City
Patan is located in Gujarat
Patan
Patan
Location in Gujarat, India
Patan is located in India
Patan
Patan
Patan (India)
Coordinates: 23°51′00″N 72°07′30″E
Country India
State Gujarat
DistrictPatan
Establishment8th Century as Anhilpur Patan
Founded byVanraj Chavda
Named forAnhil Bharwadj
Government
 • TypePatan Municipality
 • Lok Sabha constituencyPatan Lok Sabha constituency
Area
 • City43.89 km2 (16.95 sq mi)
Elevation
76 m (249 ft)
Population
 (2023)
 • City172,000[1]
 • Rank17th (Gujarat)
 • Metro
183,000
Languages
 • OfficialGujarati, Hindi, and English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
384265,384275,
384290
Telephone code02766
Vehicle registrationGJ-24

Patan was established by the Chavda king Vanaraja. During the rule of several Hindu and Muslim dynasties, it thrived as a trading city and a regional capital of northern Gujarat. The city contains many Hindu and Jain temples as well as mosques, dargahs and rauzas.

It is a historical place located on the bank of the now extinct Saraswati River. Patan has an old market which is quite sizeable and is believed to have been in continuous operation since at least the rule of Vaghelas and gandhis.

History

Patan was established by the Chavda ruler Vanaraja in the ninth century as "Anahilapataka".[2] During 10th-13th century, the city served as the capital of the Chaulukya dynasty, who succeeded the Chavdas.

Coin of the Chaulukyas of Anahillapataka (Patan), King Kumarapala, c. 1145 – c. 1171.[3]

The modern city

Education

Patan is home to the Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University[4] named after the famous polymath Acharya Hemachandra. It was previously known as North Gujarat University.

There are many schools and colleges in Patan. Sheth B.D. High School, P.P.G experimental higher secondary school and Junior College is the oldest. Other famous schools are P.P.G. Experimental High School, Adarsha Vidhyalaya, Bhagwati International Public School, Sheth M.N. High School, Sheth B.M. High School, Prerna Mandir High School, Pioneer School of Science, Lord Krishna School of Science and Eklavya School of Science.

There are K.D. Polytechnic Patan for diploma in engineering, Government Engineering College and Sheth M.N. Science College, Sheth M.N.Law College. Patan is the education hub in North Gujarat.

Tourist attractions
Sahasralinga Talav
Canal of Water tank (Lake)

Two famous architectural monuments have gain the status of national monuments. One of them is Sahastralinga tank and other one is Rani ki vav stepwell.

Rani ki Vav

Rani ki vav is an intricately constructed stepwell situated in the town of Patan in Gujarat, India. It is located on the banks of the now dried-up Saraswati River, which was a seasonal river even during its best period.[5]

This stepwell is the oldest and the deepest among the 120 other stepwell in Gujarat. The sculpture of Rani ki vav depicting Vishnu's avatars, Hindu Goddesses, Jain idols and their ancestors.[6] Most of the sculpture is in devotion to Vishnu, in the forms of his avatars (Krishna, Rama and others), representing their return to the world. It was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites on 22 June 2014.[7]

Sahasralinga Tank

Sahasralinga Tank is an artificial water tank that was constructed during the Chaulukya (Solanki) rule. It is designated as a Monument of National Importance and is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India.[8]

Transport

Local

City bus service is run by municipality connecting nearby village. Autorickshaw are available. Patan Bus Station is under construction.[9]

Bus Station

Patan Central GSRTC Bus Station is the largest bus station of Gujarat.

Rail

Patan is 108 km from Ahmedabad Railway Station. Ahmedabad - Bhagat Ki Kothi (Jodhpur) Main line. It is also connected by rail to Mehsana, Ahmedabad and Okha by BG Line. Patan railway station is now connected with Bhildi Railway Station With New BG Line. New train will start from Bandra to Bhagat Ki Kothi and connectivity to Rajasthan, Delhi, Mumbai.

Road

The National Highway 68 connecting Ramgarh in Rajasthan with the province of Gujarat passes through Patan-Chanasma, thus connecting it with the cities Jaisalmer, Barmer and Radhanpur. State Highways SH 7, 10, 130 pass through Patan and connect it with the nearest cities of Gujarat. National Highway 68 connects it with Mehsana, Himmatnagar and Ahmedabad.

Air

The nearest airport is Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport at Ahmedabad. Mehsana Airport It is just 51 km From Patan city. Deesa Airport It is just 53 km from Patan city.

Demographics
Religions in Patan city
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 87.11%
Muslims
 
 11.35%
Jains
 
 1.27%
Others
 
 0.28%

As of 2001 India census,[10] Patan had a population of 112,038. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Patan has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 65%. In Patan, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Patan Male Female
Population 112,308 53% 47%
Literacy rate 72% 78% 65%
Under-6 11%

See also

References
  2. Anthony Kennedy Warder (1988). Indian Kāvya Literature: The bold style (Śaktibhadra to Dhanapāla). Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 194–195. ISBN 978-81-208-0450-0.
  3. "CNG: eAuction 97. INDIA, Chaulukyas of Anahillapataka. Kumarapala. Circa 1145-1171. AV Dinar (19mm, 3.88 gm)". Cngcoins.com. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  4. Result Center Team, HNGU Patan. "HNGU-Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan". Ngu.ac.in. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  5. John E. Cort (2001). Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India. Oxford University Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-19-513234-2.
  6. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen's Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  7. "Gujarat's Rani ki Vav added to UNESCO World Heritage site List". News.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
  8. "Sahastra Ling Talav | Patan, Gujarat, India | India". Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  9. DeshGujarat (9 December 2023). "Long-pending completion of Patan's new bus port to take another 6 months". DeshGujarat. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  10. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.

Further reading
  • Prof. K.A. Nizami, ‘Foundation of the Delhi Sultanat’ in A Comprehensive History of India-Vol-V part one.
  • Chandler, Tertius. 1987. Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census. St. David's University Press.
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