Ba 'Alawi sada
The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadah Ba 'Alawi (Arabic: السادة آل باعلوي, romanized: al-sādatu al-bā'alawiy) are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. They trace their lineage to Sayyid al-Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir bin Isa al-Rumi born in 873 (260H), who emigrated from Basra to Hadhramaut[1] in 931 (320H) to avoid sectarian violence, including the invasion of the Qaramite forces into the Abbasid Caliphate.
| Ba 'Alawi با علوى | |
|---|---|
 Ba 'Alawi Sada people of Indonesia | |
| Current region | Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, United Arab Emirates, India, Singapore, Maldives, Comoros, South Africa, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Place of origin | Hadhramaut |
| Members | Clan: al-Mushayyakh, Al-Aidaroos, al-Muhdar, al-Attas, al-Basakut, al-Saqqaf, al-Shahab, al-Haddad, al-Jamalullail, al-Habshi, al-Hamid, al-Khirid, al-Shaykh Abu Bakr, Ba Faqih, Banahsan, al-Qadri, al-Haddar, al-Jufri and others |
| Connected families | al-Rayyan, Thangal, Nuwaythi, Ba Mashkoor, Ba Rumaidaan, Ba Hamaam, al-Amoodi, Ba Naeemi, Ba Hammudi |
| Traditions | Ba'Alawi tariqa |
The origin
The word Sadah or Sadat (Arabic: سادة) is a plural form of word Arabic: سيد (Sayyid), while the word Ba 'Alawi or Bani 'Alawi means descendants of Alawi (Bā is a Hadhramaut dialect form of Bani). In sum, Ba'alawi are Sayyid people who have a blood descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Alawi ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Muhajir. Meanwhile, Alawiyyin (Arabic: العلويّن; al-`alawiyyin) Sayyid term is used to describe descendants of Ali bin Abi Talib from Husayn ibn Ali (Sayyids) and Hasan ibn Ali (Sharifs). All people of Ba 'Alawi are Alawiyyin Sayyids through Husayn ibn Ali, but not all people of Alawiyyin family are of Ba 'Alawi.
The Ba 'Alawi tariqa is a Sufi order founded by one of Ahmad al-Muhajir's descendant, Muhammad al-Faqih al-Muqaddam and named after and closely tied to the Ba 'Alawi family.
Imam al-Muhajir's grandson Alawi was the first Sayyid to be born in Hadhramaut, and the only one of Imam al-Muhajir's descendants to produce a continued line; the lineages of Imam al-Muhajir's other grandsons, Basri and Jadid, were cut off after several generations. Accordingly, Imam Al-Muhajir's descendants in Hadhramaut hold the name Bā 'Alawi ("descendants of Alawi").
The Ba 'Alawi Sadah have since been living in Hadhramaut in Southern Yemen, maintaining the Sunni Creed in the fiqh school of Shafi'i. In the beginning, a descendant of Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir who became scholar in Islamic studies was called Imam, then Sheikh, but later called Habib.
It was only since 1700 AD they began to migrate[2] in large numbers out of Hadhramaut across all over the globe, often to practice da'wah (Islamic missionary work).[3] Their travels had also brought them to the Southeast Asia. These hadhrami immigrants blended with their local societies unusual in the history of diasporas. For example, the House of Jamalullail of Perlis is descended from the Ba 'Alawi. Habib Salih of Lamu, Kenya was also descended from the Ba 'Alawi. In Indonesia, quite a few of these migrants married local women or men, sometimes nobility or even royal families, and their descendants then became sultans or kings, such as in Sultanate of Pontianak or in Sultanate of Siak Indrapura.[4]The Sultanates of Sulu, Lanao, and Maguindanao as well trace their origins to the esteemed lineage of the Ba Alawi Sada. As descendants of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, these Sultanates uphold the Sunni Ash'ari creed and follow the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence with pride. [5][6]
List of Families
Some of the family names are as follows:[7][8]
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See also
- Alavi (surname)
- Al-Rabithah al-Alawiyyah
- Alids
- Hadhrami people
- Sayyid
- Sharif
References
- Bang, Anne K. (2003). Sufis and Scholars of the Sea: Family Networks in East Africa, 1860–1925. Routledge. p. 12.
- "Bani alari migration map". img47.imageshack.us. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19.
- Ibrahim, Ahmad; Siddique, Sharon & Hussain, Yasmin, eds. (December 31, 1985). Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 407. ISBN 978-9971-988-08-1.
- Freitag, Ulrike & Clarence-Smith, William G., eds. (1997). Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s to 1960s. Vol. 57 (illustrated ed.). BRILL. p. 9. ISBN 978-90-04-10771-7.
- Abdurahman, Habib Jamasali Sharief Rajah Bassal (2002). The Sultanate of Sulu. University of Michigan: Astoria Print. & Publishing Company. p. 88. ISBN 9789719262701, 9719262702.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - "أنسآب السادة العلويين آل باعلوي" [Genealogy of the Alawite masters, the Ba'alawi family]. Shabwaah Press (in Arabic). Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- "Gelar Keluarga Alawiyyin Habaib". Ustaz Syed Faiz (in Indonesian). 16 February 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
Further reading
- Dostal, Walter (22 April 2005). The Saints of Hadramawt. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-850436348.
- Dostal, Walter & Kraus, Wolfgang, eds. (2005). Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. New York: I.B. Tauris. pp. 233–253. ISBN 978-1-850436348.
- Manger, Leif (2010). The Hadrami Diaspora: Community-Building on the Indian Ocean Rim. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-84545-742-6.
- Azra, Azyumardi (1992). The transmission of Islamic reformism to Indonesia: Networks of Middle Eastern and Malay-Indonesian 'Ulama' in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Ph.D). Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan.
External links
- Ba'alawi.com - The Definitive Resource for Islam and the Alawiyyen Ancestry.
- Saada Ba Alawi of East Africa Facebook page