Henry (given name)

Henry is a masculine given name derived from Old French Henri / Henry, itself derived from the Old Frankish name Heimeric, from Common Germanic *Haimarīks (from *haima- "home" and *rīk- "ruler").[1][2] In Old High German, the name was conflated with the name Haginrich (from hagin "enclosure" and rich "ruler") to form Heinrich.[3]

Henry
King Henry VIII, arguably the best-known Henry in history.
Pronunciation/ˈhɛnri/
GenderMale
Name dayJuly 13
Origin
Word/nameEngland
MeaningHome ruler
Ruler of (the) home
Ruler of the homeland
Other names
Related names
  • Heinrich, Heinz, Henrich, Hinrich, Hinnerk, Henning, Emerich, Emmerich (German)
  • Henrik, Henric (Scandinavian)
  • Henri, Aymeric (French)
  • Enrique, Americo (Spanish)
  • Enrico, Ennio, Amerigo (Italian)
  • Imre (Hungarian)
  • Hein, Hendrik, Hendric (Dutch)
  • Henrique (Portuguese)
  • Henryk (Polish)
  • Jindřich (Czech)
  • Hynek (Czech)
  • Genri, Genrikh (Russian)
  • Enzo (Italian)
  • Heinrici, Henrici, Henricus (Latin)
  • Anry (Armenian)
  • Henrijs, Ints, Ingus, Inguss, Indriķis, Indulis, Anrijs (Latvian)
  • Henrikas (Lithuanian)
  • Heiki, Indrek, Hindrek, Enn, Enno (Estonian)

Nicknames

  • Harry
  • Hank
  • Hal
  • Hankie

Feminine forms

  • Henrietta
  • Harriet

The Old High German name is recorded from the 8th century, in the variants Haimirich, Haimerich, Heimerich, Hemirih.[4] Harry, its English short form, was considered the "spoken form" of Henry in medieval England. Most English kings named Henry were called Harry. The name became so popular in England that the phrase "Tom, Dick, and Harry" began to be used to refer to men in general. The common English feminine forms of the name are Harriet and Henrietta. An Italian variant descended from the Old High German name, Amerigo, was the source from which the continents of the Americas were named.

It has been a consistently popular name in English-speaking countries for centuries. It was among the top 100 most popular names used for men born in the United States, England and Wales, and in Australia in 2007. It was the 46th most common name for boys and men in the United States in the 1990 census, and has ranked among the ten most popular names for American newborn boys in 2020.[5] Harry, its short form, was the fifth most popular name for boys in England and Wales in 2007 and among the top 50 names in Ireland, Scotland and Northern Ireland in recent years. Harry was ranked as the 578th most popular name in the United States in 2007.[6] It is also in use as a surname.

Masculine variants

In the High Middle Ages, the name was Latinized as Henricus. It was a royal name in Germany, France and England throughout the high medieval period (Henry I of Germany, Henry I of England, Henry I of France) and widely used as a given name; as a consequence, many regional variants developed in the languages of Western and Central Europe.[7]

Within German, Low German, Frisian and Dutch, numerous diminutives and abbreviated forms exist, including Low German, Dutch and Frisian Heike, Heiko; Dutch Hein, Heintje; German Heiner, Heinz.

The original diphthong was lost in Dutch Hendrik (hypocoristics Henk, Hennie, Rik), Scandinavian Henrik[8] (whence Henning).

Eastern European languages have developed native forms during the medieval period under the influence of German and the Scandinavian languages, hence Polish Henryk, Czech Jindřich, Hynek. Hungarian, Slovene, Croatian Henrik, Finnish Henrikki (hypocoristic Heikki), and Lithuanian Henrikas or Herkus.

The Old French form Henri / Middle French Henry became productive in the British Isles, in Middle English adopted as Harry, Herry. Herry was adopted into Welsh as Perry, into Irish as Annraoi, Anraí, Einrí and into Scottish Gaelic as Eanraig, Eanruig.

In Southern Europe variants without the initial H- include Italian Arrigo, Enrico, Catalan / Occitan Enric and Spanish Enrique (whence Basque Endika) and Italian Enzo.

A separate variant, which may originate with the Old High German name Haimirich, but possibly conflated with the names Ermenrich (first element ermen "whole") or Amalric (first element amal "vigour, bravery") is Emmerich. Emmerich is the origin of a separate suit of variant names used across Western and Central Europe, although these never rose to the ubiquity of the variants of Henry; they include English Emery, Amery, Emory, French Émeric / Aymeric, Hungarian Imre, Imrus, Slovak Imrich, Italian Amerigo and Iberian (Portuguese, Spanish, Galician) Américo, etc. Hendick

Feminine variants

Several variants of Heinrich have given rise to derived feminine given names. Low German Henrik, Hendrik gave rise to Henrike, Hendrike, Hendrikje, Hendrina, Henrika and others, Low German Heiko to Heike, Italian Enrico gave rise to Enrica, Spanish Enrique to Enriqueta, Enriquetta, Enriquette. French Henri gave rise to Henriette, Henrietta, further modified to Enrieta, Enrietta, English Harry to Harriet, Harriett, Harrietta, Harriette, hypocorisms Hattie, Hatty, Hettie, Etta, Ettie; various other hypocorisms include Hena, Henna, Henah, Heni, Henia, Henny, Henya, Henka, Dutch Jet, Jett, Jetta, Jette, Ina. In Polish Henryka, Henia, Heniusia, Henka, Henryczka, Henrysia, Rysia are attested. The hypocorisms Rika, Rike etc. may be from this or other names with the second element -ric. Spanish and Portuguese América from the Emmerich variant Amérigo .

Surnames

Harrison (surname), Henson (surname), Harris (surname), Heaney (Irish surname), Fitzhenry (Irish Hiberno-Norman surname), Heinz (German surname), Enríquez (Spanish surname), Henriques (Portuguese surname), Heney, Henney, Hendrick, Hendricks, Hinrichs, Hendrickx, Hendriks, Hendrikx, Hendrix, Hendryx Henderson Hendrickson Henderickson

In different languages
  • Albanian: Enrik, Henri
  • Arabic: هنري (Hinri)
  • Afrikaans: Hendrik
  • Alemmanic: Hene, Heini, Heiri
  • Amharic: ሄንሪ (Hēnirī)
  • Armenian: Հենրի (Henri)
  • Basque: Endika
  • Bavarian: Heini, Heiner
  • Belarusian: Henryk
  • Breton: Herri
  • Bulgarian: Хенри (Henri)
  • Catalan: Enric
  • Chinese (Mandarin): 亨利 (Hēnglì)
  • Croatian: Henri, Henrik
  • Czech: Jindra, Jindřich
  • Danish: Henrik, Henrick, Hendrich, Henderich,
  • Dutch: Henk, Henrik, Henrick, Hendrich, Hendrik, Hendrick, Henderick
  • English: Henry, Hendrick, Hennie, Hendrie, Henderick, Henrie, Henny, Hen, Han, Hannie, Hanny, Hendry, Henk, Hein, Hank, Hankie, Heinz Hanky, Harry, Harrie, Hal, Handrick, Handerick, Rick, Ricky, Rickie, Rich, Henderson, Hendrickson, Henderickson, Henriette, Henrietta, Henrique, Hatty, Heinrich, Heinnie, Heinny, Hein, Ettie, Harriet, Harriette, Harrietta, Henky, Henkie, Henriet, Henrick, Henrich, Heina, Heindrick, Heinderick, Hendrich, Hetty, Hattie, Henderich, Heinderich, Hettie, Henricus, Henriquetta Henka, Henya, Hendricka, Hendericka, Henah, Heinderickhuson Hendricks, Hendericks, Henna, Hendrix, Henderix, Etta, Ette, Hendy, Hendie, Rijk, Henson, Hennah, Harrison, Harris, Henris, Henrison, Henrickus, Henrickas, Henning,
  • Estonian: Heiki, Hindrek, Indrek, Henri, Henrai, Henraiv, Raivo
  • Faroese: Heindrikur, Heinrikur
  • Finnish: Henri, Henrik, Heikki
  • French: Henri, Henry
  • Frisian: Hindrik
  • Galician: Henrique, Enrique
  • Georgian: ჰენრი (Henri), ანრი (Anri)
  • German: Heinrich, Henrich, Hinrich, Henrick, Heinz
  • Greek: Ερρίκος (Errikos)
  • Hawaiian: Hanalē, Henelē
  • Hebrew: הנרי (Henri)
  • Hungarian: Henrik
  • Icelandic: Hinrik, Henrý
  • Irish: Hanraí, Hamhrí, Anraí, Éinrí
  • Italian: Enrico, Arrigo
  • Japanese: ヘンリー (Henrī)
  • Korean: 헨리 (Henli)
  • Latin: Henricus, Henderickus, Hendrickus, Hendrikus,
  • Latvian: Henrijs, Henriks, Heinrihs, Henrihs, Hinrihs, Indriķis, Inds, Ints, Ingus, Inguss, Anrijs, Anrī
  • Lithuanian: Henris, Henrikas
  • Macedonian: Хенри (Henri)
  • Māori: Henare
  • Norwegian: Henry, Henrik
  • Northern Sami: Heandarat
  • Polish: Henryk
  • Portuguese: Henrique
  • Romanian: Henric
  • Russian: Генри (Genri), Генрих (Genrikh), Хенри (Henri), Хенрик (Henrik)
  • Samoan: Enele
  • Scottish Gaelic: Eanraig
  • Serbian: Хенри (Henri)
  • Slovak: Henrich
  • Slovene: Henrik
  • Spanish: Enrique
  • Swedish: Henry, Henrik, Henrick
  • Tongan: Heneli
  • Thai: เฮนรี่ (eḥnrī̀)
  • Ukrainian: Генріх (Henrikh)
  • Vietnamese: Hải Lý
  • Welsh: Henry, Harri, Herri

People with the given name

Royalty
Kings of England
Junior King of England
Kings of Germany
Kings of France
Kings of Castile
King of Portugal
Byzantine Emperor
  • Henry of Flanders, Byzantine emperor, one of the principal commanders of Bulgarian–Latin wars, Battle of Philippopolis (1208) and Battle of the Rhyndacus (1211)
Others

Religious figures
  • Henry Bretislaus, member of the Přemyslid dynasty, Bishop of Prague from 1182, then Duke of Bohemia as "Bretislaus III"
  • Henry Compton, Bishop of London during the Glorious Revolution
  • Henry Oldenburg, German theologian, diplomat, natural philosopher, and creator of scientific peer review, one of the foremost intelligencers of Europe of the seventeenth century
  • Henry Zdik, Bishop of Olomouc, one of the principal commanders of the Wendish Crusade

Nobility

Presidents and prime ministers

Wartime figures and military leaders

Politicians

Film
  • Henry, Indian producer
  • Henry Cavill (born 1983), British actor
  • Henry Czerny, Canadian film, stage, and television actor
  • Henry Daniell (1894–1963), English actor
  • Henry Fonda (1905–1982), American actor
  • Henry Golding (born 1987), British Malaysian actor
  • Henry Hathaway (1898–1985), American film director
  • Henry Hunter Hall (born 1997), American actor
  • Henry Jayasena (1931–2009), Sri Lankan actor in cinema, television, and theater
  • Henry King (1886–1982), American actor and film director
  • Henry Koster (1905–1988), German-American film director
  • Henry Roxby Beverley (1790–1863), English actor
  • Henry Selick (born 1952), American stop-motion film director
  • Henry B. Walthall (1878–1936), American actor
  • Henry Winkler (born 1945), American actor and producer

Music
  • Henry Brant (1913–2008) Canadian born American composer
  • Henry Cowell (1897–1965), American composer, writer, pianist, publisher, teacher and the husband of Sidney Robertson Cowell
  • Henry Jackman (born 1974), English composer
  • Henry John Deutschendorf Jr (1943-1997) known professionally as John Denver, American singer
  • Henry Krtschil (1932–2020), German composer
  • Henry Lau (born 1989), Canadian singer, musician, and actor
  • Henry Mancini (1924–1994), American composer
  • Henry Olmino (born 1974), American musician
  • Henry Purcell (1659–1695), English composer
  • Henry Rollins (born 1961), American singer
  • Henry Samuel (born 1963), British singer-songwriter known professionally as Seal

Scientists
  • W. Henry Bragg, British physicist, chemist, mathematician, and active sportsman
  • Henry Fox Talbot (1800–1877), English scientist, inventor, and photography pioneer
  • Henry Parker Sartwell (1792–1867), American botanist

Businessmen
  • Henry Bizot (1901–1990), French banker and first chairman of the Banque Nationale de Paris
  • Henry Canoy (1923-2008), Filipino businessman and founder of Radio Mindanao Network
  • Henry Cheng (born 1946), Hong Kong billionaire property developer
  • Henry Flagler (1830–1913), American tycoon, real estate promoter, and railroad developer, known as the father of Miami, Florida
  • Henry Fok (1923–2006), Hong Kong businessman
  • Henry Ford (1863–1947), American inventor, industrialist, father of the modern assembly line, and founder of Ford Motor Company
  • Henry Givens Burgess, Irish railway executive and politician
  • Henry J. Heinz, German entrepreneur and founder of Heinz Ketchup company
  • H. F. S. Morgan (1881–1959), English sports car manufacturer and founder and chairman of the Morgan Motor Company
  • Henry Sy (1924–2019), Chinese-Filipino billionaire, business magnate, investor, philanthropist and founder of SM Prime Holdings Inc.

Explorers
  • Henry Hudson (born c. 1560s/70s), English sea explorer
  • Prince Henry the Navigator (1394–1460), responsible for the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with other continents

Literary figures
  • Ralph Henry Barbour, American novelist
  • Henry G. Brinton (born 1960), American author and pastor, a contributor to the Washington Post and USA Today
  • Henry James (1843–1916), American author
  • Henry Charles Lea (1825-1909), American historian
  • Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882), American poet
  • Henry Miller (1891–1980), American writer
  • Henry Peterson (1818-1891), American editor, novelist, poet and playwright
  • Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862), American author

Criminals

Artists
  • Henry Ward Ranger (1858–1916), American artist
  • John Henry Lorimer, Scottish painter
  • Henry Moore (1898–1986), English sculptor and artist
  • Henry Orth (1866–1946), American architect
  • Henry Parayre (1879–1970), French sculptor
  • Henry Payne, British stained glass artist, watercolourist and painter of frescoes
  • Henry Richardson (born 1961), American sculptor
  • Henry Strater (1896–1987) American painter, and illustrator
  • Henry Ossawa Tanner, American artist and the first African-American painter to gain international acclaim

Sportsmen
  • Henry "Hank" Aaron (1934–2021), American baseball player
  • Henry Austin (baseball) (1844–1904), American baseball player
  • Henry Adrian Austin (born 1972), Barbadian cricketer
  • Henry Fitzherbert Austin (1874–1957), Barbadian cricketer
  • Henry Bibby (born 1949), American basketball player
  • Henry Cárdenas (born 1965), Colombian road cyclist
  • Henry Cejudo (born 1987), American mixed martial artist and UFC Flyweight Champion
  • Henry Collins (boxer) (born 1977), Australian boxer
  • Henry Cooper (1934–2011), British boxer, British, European and Commonwealth heavyweight champion in 1970
  • Henry Duhamel (1853–1917), French mountaineer, author, and skiing pioneer
  • Henry Louis "Lou" Gehrig (1903–1941), American baseball player nicknamed "The Iron Horse"
  • Hank Greenberg (1911–1986), American hall of fame baseball player
  • Henry Hynoski (born 1988), American football player
  • Henry Hynoski Sr. (born 1953), American football player
  • Henry Marsh (runner) (born 1954), American long-distance runner
  • Henry Maske (born 1964), German boxer
  • Henry Menzies (1867–1938), Scottish rugby union player
  • Henry Mondeaux (born 1995), American football player
  • Henry Obst (1906–1975), American football player
  • Henry Orth (American football) (1897–1980), American football player
  • Henry Prusoff (1912–1943), American professional tennis player
  • Henry Ruggs (born 1999), American football player
  • Henry Schichtle (born 1941), American football player
  • Henry Speight (born 1988), Australian rugby union player
  • Henry Surtees (1991–2009), British racing driver
  • Henry Sugut (born 1985), Kenyan long-distance runner
  • Henry To'oTo'o (born 2001), American football player

Others
  • Henry Allingham (1896–2009), briefly the world's oldest man
  • Henry L. Bachman (born 1930), American electrical engineer
  • H. Parrott Bacot (born Henry Parrott Bacot; 1941–2020), art historian and museum director
  • Henry Adams Bellows, newspaper editor and radio executive
  • Henry Engelbert (1826–1901), German-American architect
  • Henry Louis Gates Jr., American literary critic, professor, historian, filmmaker, and public intellectual who serves as the Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and Director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University
  • Henry Alfred Ian Goonetilleke, Sri Lankan Sinhala library director at the University of Peradeniya and scholar
  • Henry Wilson Hodge (1865-1919), American civil engineer
  • Henry Kelly (born 1946), Irish television presenter and radio DJ
  • Henry George, American political economist and journalist
  • Henry Goddard Leach (1880–1970), American Scandinavian studies scholar
  • Henry Mayhew, English social researcher, journalist, playwright, and reform advocate
  • Henry More, English philosopher of the Cambridge Platonist school
  • Henry Newman, British political adviser
  • Henry Omaga-Diaz (born 1961), Filipino journalist, news anchor, and radio newscaster
  • Henry F. Pulitzer (1899–1979), Austrian-born publisher and art collector
  • Henry Winthrop Sargent (1810–1882), American horticulturist
  • Henry Thomas Silcock (1882–1969), English Quaker missionary
  • Henry N. Tisdale (born 1944), American academic administrator, educator, and mathematician
  • Henry Augustus Pearson Torrey (1837–1902), American professor of philosophy

Fictional characters

Other uses
  • Military Order of St. Henry
  • Henry (unit), the SI unit of inductance
  • Henry's law, which describes the distribution of a chemical between the gas and the liquid phase
  • Henry (vacuum), flagship vacuum cleaner manufactured by Numatic International Limited
  • Henry the Hexapus, a six-legged octopus found by British marine scientists in 2008
  • Henry Repeating Arms, American firearms company founded in 1996

Names with a similar meaning

The names second element, *Rīk, can also be found in names:

Other names also meaning "ruler", "power", "king", "lord":

  • Donald
  • Waldemar / Vladimir
  • Walter / Walther
  • Valentine / Valentin / Valentino / Valentinian
  • Kaan / Khan
  • Raja
  • Rakesh

See also
  • Henry (disambiguation)
  • Henry (surname)

Notes
  1. "Historische woordenboeken op internet (gtb.inl.nl)".
  2. Van Den Reinaerde, Jacob Wijbrand Muller. p. 122 appendix. 'Ermerijc'.
  3. The contribution of Haimirich, Haimrich is more significant than that of the (rarer) Haginrich, Hainrich: "In formen wie Hainrich u. s. w. fliessen die beiden namen Haimirich und Gaganrich anz in einander hinüber. Doch ist die erstere die hauptquelle unseres namens Heinrich. Von den beiden alten erklärungen desselben, = Hainreich und = daheim reich, kommt daher die zweite der wahrheit näher als die erste." E. Förstemann, Altdeutsches Namenbuch (1856), 593, cf. "Heinrich", nordicnames.de.
  4. The spelling Heinrich dates to the 11th century, alongside numerous variants (Heimirich, Heimarih, Heimeric, Haimrich, Heimrich, Heimrih, Hemerich, Hemric, Hemrich, Hemmerich, Aimirich, Heinrich Hinrich, Henric, Henrih, Ainrich, Enerich, Enrich etc.). E. Förstemann, Altdeutsches Namenbuch (1856), p. 591.
  5. Campbell, Mike. "Henry". Behind the Name. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
  6. Campbell, Mike. "Harry". Behind the Name. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
  7. "Names related to Henri". Behind the Name.
  8. from an Old Norse *Heinrekr nordicnames.de
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