List of mental disorders
The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric disorder, is characterized by a pattern of behavior or mental function that significantly impairs personal functioning or causes considerable distress.[1]
The DSM, a classification and diagnostic guide published by the American Psychiatric Association, includes over 450 distinct definitions of mental disorders.[2] Meanwhile, the ICD, published by the World Health Organization, stands as the international standard for categorizing all medical conditions, including sections on mental and behavioral disorders.[3]
Revisions and updates are periodically made to the diagnostic criteria and descriptions in the DSM and ICD to reflect current understanding and consensus within the mental health field. The list includes conditions currently recognized as mental disorders according to these systems. There is ongoing debate among mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, about the definitions and criteria used to delineate mental disorders. There is particular concern over whether certain conditions should be classified as "mental illnesses" or might more accurately be described as neurological disorders or in other terms.[4]
Anxiety disorders
Dissociative disorders
- Dissociative identity disorder
- Dissociative amnesia (formerly psychogenic amnesia)
- Depersonalization-derealization disorder
- Dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue
- Dissociative neurological symptom disorder (this includes Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures)
- Other specified dissociative disorder (OSDD)
- Unspecified dissociative disorder
- Ganser syndrome
Mood disorders
Depressive disorders
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
- Major depressive disorder
- Dysthymia
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Psychotic depression
- Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
- Atypical depression
- Postpartum depression
- Melancholic depression
- Pervasive refusal syndrome
- Unspecified depressive disorder
Trauma and stressor related disorders
- Reactive attachment disorder
- Disinhibited social engagement disorder
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED)
- Acute stress disorder
- Adjustment disorder
- Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD)
- Prolonged grief disorder
Neuro-developmental disorders
- Intellectual disability
- Language disorder
- Sensory processing disorder
- Speech sound disorder
- Stuttering
- Aphasia
- Social communication disorder
- Pervasive developmental disorder
- Auditory processing disorder
- Communication disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder (formally a category that included Asperger syndrome, Classic autism and Rett syndrome)
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Developmental coordination disorder
- Tourette syndrome
- Down syndrome
- Tic disorder
- Dyslexia
- Dyscalculia
- Dysgraphia
- Nonverbal learning Disorder (NVLD, NLD)
Sleep-wake disorders
- Insomnia (including chronic insomnia and short-term insomnia)
- Hypersomnia
- Idiopathic hypersomnia
- Kleine–Levin syndrome
- Insufficient sleep syndrome
- Narcolepsy
- Restless legs syndrome
- Sleep apnea
- Night terrors (sleep terrors)
- Exploding head syndrome
Parasomnias
Neuro-cognitive disorders
Substance-related and addictive disorders
Substance related disorders
Disorders due to use of alcohol
- Alcohol use disorder
- Alcoholic hallucinosis
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Harmful pattern of use of alcohol
Disorders due to use of cannabis
Disorders due to use of synthetic cannabinoids
- Episode of harmful use of synthetic cannabinoids
- Harmful pattern of use of synthetic cannabinoids
- Synthetic cannabinoid dependence
- Synthetic cannabinoid intoxication
- Synthetic cannabinoids withdrawal
- Synthetic cannabinoids induced delirium
- Synthetic cannabinoids induced psychotic disorder
- Synthetic cannabinoids induced mood disorder
- Synthetic cannabinoids induced anxiety
Disorders due to use of opioids
Disorders due to use of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic
- Episode of harmful use of Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic
- Harmful pattern of use of Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic dependence
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic intoxication
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic withdrawal
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced delirium
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced psychotic disorder
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced mood disorder
- Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic induced anxiety
- Amnestic disorder due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics
- Dementia due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics
Disorders due to use of Cocaine
- Episode of harmful use of Cocaine
- Harmful pattern of use of Cocaine
- Cocaine dependence
- Cocaine intoxication
- Cocaine withdrawal
- Cocaine induced delirium
- Cocaine induced psychotic disorder
- Cocaine induced mood disorder
- Cocaine induced anxiety
- Cocaine induced OCD
- Cocaine induced impulse control disorder
Disorders due to use of Amphetamines
- Episode of harmful use of Amphetamines
- Harmful pattern of use of Amphetamines
- Amphetamines dependence
- Amphetamines intoxication
- Amphetamines withdrawal
- Amphetamines induced delirium
- Amphetamines induced psychotic disorder
- Amphetamines induced mood disorder
- Amphetamines induced anxiety
- Amphetamines induced OCD
- Amphetamines induced impulse control disorder
Disorders due to use of synthetic cathinone
- Episode of harmful use of synthetic cathinone
- Harmful pattern of use of synthetic cathinone
- Synthetic cathinone dependence
- Synthetic cathinone intoxication
- Synthetic cathinone withdrawal
- Synthetic cathinone induced delirium
- Synthetic cathinone induced psychotic disorder
- Synthetic cathinone induced mood disorder
- Synthetic cathinone induced anxiety
- Synthetic cathinone induced OCD
- Synthetic cathinone induced impulse control disorder
Disorders due to use of caffeine
- Episode of harmful use of caffeine
- Harmful pattern of use of caffeine
- Caffeine intoxication
- Caffeine withdrawal
- Caffeine induced anxiety disorder
- Caffeine-induced sleep disorder
Disorders due to use of hallucinogens
Disorders due to use of nicotine
Disorders due to use of volatile inhalants
- Episode of harmful use of volatile inhalants
- Harmful pattern of use of volatile inhalants
- Opioid dependence
- Opioid intoxication
- Volatile inhalants withdrawal
- Volatile inhalants induced delirium
- Volatile inhalants induced psychotic disorder
- Volatile inhalants induced mood disorder
- Volatile inhalants induced anxiety
Disorders due to use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)
- Episode of harmful use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP]
- Harmful pattern of use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP]
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] dependence
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] intoxication
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] withdrawal
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced delirium
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced psychotic disorder
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced mood disorder
- Dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] induced anxiety
Paraphilias
Somatic symptom related disorders
- Hypochondriasis
- Cyberchondria
- Somatization disorder
- Conversion disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
- Factitious disorder imposed on self (munchausen syndrome)
- Factitious disorder imposed on another (munchausen by proxy)
- Pain disorder
- Medically unexplained physical symptoms
Sexual dysfunctions
Elimination disorders
- Enuresis (Involuntary urination)
- Nocturnal enuresis
- Encopresis (Involuntary defecation)
Feeding and eating disorders
Disruptive impulse-control, and conduct disorders
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
- Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Body dysmorphic disorder
- Body integrity dysphoria
- Compulsive hoarding
- Trichotillomania
- Excoriation disorder (Skin picking disorder)
- Body-focused repetitive behavior disorder
- Olfactory reference syndrome
- Phantom limb syndrome
- Primarily obsessional obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Hoarding disorder
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Personality disorders
Cluster A (Odd, Eccentric)
Cluster B (Dramatic, Erratic)
Cluster C (Fearful, Anxious)
Not otherwise specified (PD-NOS)
Other
- Gender dysphoria (also known as gender integrity disorder or gender incongruence, there are different categorizations for children and non-children in the ICD-11)
- Medication-induced movement disorders and other adverse effects of medication
- Catatonia
- Culture-bound syndrome
References
- Bolton, Derek (2008). What is mental disorder? an essay in philosophy, science, and values. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-856592-5. OCLC 174094316.
- American Psychiatric Association, ed. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing. ISBN 978-0890425756.
- "International Classification of Diseases (ICD)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.
- Sachdev, Perminder S.; Blacker, Deborah; Blazer, Dan G.; Ganguli, Mary; Jeste, Dilip V.; Paulsen, Jane S.; Petersen, Ronald C. (November 2014). "Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach". Nature Reviews Neurology. 10 (11): 634–642. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181. ISSN 1759-4758.
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