Orpah

Orpah (Hebrew: עָרְפָּה ʿOrpā, meaning "neck" or "fawn") is a woman mentioned in the Book of Ruth in the Hebrew Bible. She was from Moab and was the daughter-in-law of Naomi and wife of Chilion.[1] After the death of her husband, Orpah and her sister-in-law Ruth wished to go to Judea with Naomi. However, Naomi tried to persuade both Ruth and Orpah to return to their people and to their gods. Ruth chose to remain with Naomi, but Orpah chose to return to her people and her gods. (Ruth i. 4 et seq.).

Orpah (right) leaving Ruth and Naomi. Engraving by Hendrik Goltzius, 1576.

Woodcut by Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld

In rabbinic literature, the treatment of Orpah is almost entirely negative.[2] Orpah is identified with Harapha, the mother of the four Philistine giants (2 Samuel 21:16), one of whom was Goliath. These four sons were said to have been given her for the four tears which she shed at parting with her mother-in-law (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 42b). The name Harapha stems from the word for threshing; she allowed herself to be "threshed" by many men, as one would thresh wheat (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 42b).[3]

The Sanhedrin tractate in the Talmud says that she was killed by King David's general Abishai, the son of Zeruiah, with her own spindle.[4][5]