Punjab Legislative Assembly

The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India. The Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is Kultar Singh Sandhwan. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the Vidhan Bhavan in Chandigarh.

For the provincial assembly in Pakistan, see Punjab Provincial Assembly.

Punjab Legislative Assembly
16th Punjab Assembly
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
History
Established1952
Preceded byInterim East Punjab Assembly
Leadership
Banwarilal Purohit
since 31 August 2021
Speaker
Kultar Singh Sandhwan, AAP
since 21 March 2022
Deputy Speaker
Jai Krishan Singh, AAP
since 30 June 2022
Bhagwant Mann, AAP
since 16 March 2022
Harpal Singh Cheema, AAP
since 21 March 2022
Balkar Singh, AAP
since 31 May 2023
Leader of the Opposition
Partap Singh Bajwa, INC
since 9 April 2022
Deputy Leader of Opposition
Vacant, INC
since 16 March 2024
Structure
Seats117
Political groups
Government (91)
  AAP (91)

Official Opposition (16)

  INC (15)

Other opposition (8)

  BJP (2)
  SAD (3)
  BSP (1)
  IND (3)[1][2]

Vacant (2)

  Vacant (2)
Length of term
5 years; renewable
Elections
First-past-the-post
First election
26 March 1952
Last election
20 February 2022
Next election
February 2027 or earlier
Meeting place
Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India
Website
Punjab Legislative Assembly
Constitution
Constitution of India

History

In the British Raj, an Executive Council was formed under The Indian Councils Act, 1861. It was only under the Government of India Act 1919 that a Legislative Council was set up in Punjab. Later, under the Government of India Act 1935, the Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, Punjab Province was partitioned into West Punjab and East Punjab and the East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly consisting of 79 members.

After the independence of India, on 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, Patiala and East Punjab States Union. The Punjab State Legislature was a bicameral house in April 1952, comprising the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and Vidhan Parishad (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha was grown by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a unicameral legislature.[3]

Legislature

The legislature comprises the governor and the Punjab Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 117 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the speaker of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.

The main function of the assembly is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes applicable.

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.[4]

Sixteenth Assembly

In the Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly, 92 members of the ruling Aam Aadmi Party form the treasury benches. The main opposition party in the assembly is Indian National Congress with 18 seats. The other parties which are in opposition are the Shiromani Akali Dal, the Bharatiya Janata Party, the Bahujan Samaj Party and independents. AAP MLA, Kultar Singh Sandhwan was announced as the speaker of the assembly.[5]

History

Chief Minister Bhagwant Mann took the oath of office on 16 March at Khatkar Kalan, the ancestral village of Bhagat Singh. Inderbir Singh Nijjar took the oath as Protem Speaker. On 17 March Nijjar administered the oath of office to all the 117 legislators of the Sixteenth Punjab Legislative assembly.[6] Other 10 cabinet ministers of the Mann ministry, took oath on 19 March.

On 22 June 2022, Speaker kultar singh sandwa announced that the Punjab legislators will get answers on all issues that they raise during the Assembly debates. The answers would be provided during the Zero Hour. This was done for the first time in the history of Punjab Assembly.[7]

Operation Lotus

Aam Aadmi Party, the ruling party in Punjab, accused BJP of spending ₹1375 Crore in Punjab to bribe the AAP MLAs as part of Operation Lotus. Punjab's Finance Minister Harpal Singh Cheema said in a press conference, "Our MLAs have been approached with offers of up to Rs 25 crore to break away from AAP. The MLAs were told: “bade bau ji se milwayenge”. These MLAs have also been offered big posts. They were told that if you get more MLAs along, you would be given upto Rs 75 crore,"[8][9]

AAP government called a special Session of the Assembly on 22 September to bring a "confidence motion". Governor Banwarilal Purohit refused to allow permission for the special session. AAP said that Governor was acting on the behest of BJP in cancelling the 22 September session so that Operation Lotus can succeed. Business Advisory Committee of the Assembly has representatives of all the parties and it decides the legislative business that occurs in the Assembly.[10] The opposition parties Congress, SAD and BJP hailed governors decision to prevent the special session from occurring.[11] CM Mann said that "Gov/Presi consent before any session of Legislature is a formality. In 75 years, no Presi/Gov ever asked list of Legislative business before calling session. Legislative business is decided by BAC (Business Advisory Committee of the House) and Speaker. Next Gov will ask all speeches also to be approved by him. Its too much." On 25 September, Purohit agreed to summon the special session of the Assembly.[12]

Leaders
Title Name Portrait Since
Constitutional Posts
Governor Banwarilal Purohit 31 August 2021


Speaker Kultar Singh Sandhwan[13] 21 March 2022
Deputy speaker Jai Krishan Singh[14] 30 June 2022
Leader of the House
(Chief Minister)		 Bhagwant Mann 16 March 2022
Leader of Opposition Pratap Singh Bajwa 9 April 2022
Political posts
Leader of AAP legislature party Bhagwant Mann 16 March 2022
Leader of INC legislature party Pratap Singh Bajwa 9 April 2022
Leader of SAD legislature party Manpreet Singh Ayali April 2022

Committees

List of committees and chairpersons for the term 2022-2023.[15]

Committee[16] Chairperson Party or Organization
Committee on Local Bodies Jagroop Singh Gill Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Public Accounts Sukhbinder Singh Sarkaria Indian National Congress
Committee on Estimates Aman Arora Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Public Undertakings Budh Ram Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Welfare of Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes		 Manjit Singh Bilaspur Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Privileges Kulwant Singh Pandori Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Government Assurances Kunwar Vijay Pratap Singh Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Local Bodies Jagroop Singh Gill Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Panchayati Raj Institutions Gurmeet Singh Khudian Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Subordinate Legislation Barinder Kumar Goyal Vakeel Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Papers Laid/to be Laid on the Table and Library Jagdeep Kamboj Goldy Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Petitions Mohammad Jamil Ur Rahman Aam Aadmi Party
House Committee Jai Krishan Singh
Deputy speaker (Ex-Officio Chairperson)		 Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Questions & References Baljinder Kaur Aam Aadmi Party
Press Gallery Committee Naresh Sharma
Committee on Co-operation and its allied activities Sarvjit Kaur Manuke Aam Aadmi Party
Committee on Agriculture and its allied activities Gurpreet Singh Banawali Aam Aadmi Party

Composition
Further information: 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election § Results

Seat Share

  AAP - 92 (78.6%)
  INC - 18 (15.4%)
  SAD - 3 (2.5%)
  BJP - 2 (1.7%)
  BSP - 1 (0.9%)
  IND - 1 (0.9%)

By alliance and party
Alliance Party Seats Legislative

Party Leader

 Bench
Won [17] Change
Aam Aadmi Party 92 Increase 72 Bhagwant Singh Mann[18] 92 Government
Indian National Congress 18 Decrease 59 Partap Singh Bajwa 19 Opposition
SAD+ Shiromani Akali Dal 3 Decrease 12 Manpreet Singh Ayali[19] 6 Others
Bahujan Samaj Party 1 Increase 1 Nachhatar Pal
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party 2 Decrease 1 Ashwani Kumar Sharma
Independents 1 Increase 1 Rana Inder Partap Singh
Total 117 117

By constituency
District No. Constituency Name Party Bench
Pathankot 1 Sujanpur Naresh Puri Indian National Congress Opposition
2 Bhoa (SC) Lal Chand Kataruchakk Aam Aadmi Party Government
3 Pathankot Ashwani Kumar Sharma Bharatiya Janata Party Opposition
Gurdaspur 4 Gurdaspur Barindermeet Singh Pahra Indian National Congress Opposition
5 Dina Nagar (SC) Aruna Chaudhary Indian National Congress Opposition
6 Qadian Partap Singh Bajwa Indian National Congress Opposition
7 Batala Amansher Singh (Shery Kalsi) Aam Aadmi Party Government
8 Sri Hargobindpur (SC) Amarpal Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
9 Fatehgarh Churian Tripat Rajinder Singh Bajwa Indian National Congress Opposition
10 Dera Baba Nanak Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa Indian National Congress Opposition
Amritsar 11 Ajnala Kuldip Singh Dhaliwal Aam Aadmi Party Government
12 Rajasansi Sukhbinder Singh Sarkaria Indian National Congress Opposition
13 Majitha Ganieve Kaur Majithia Shiromani Akali Dal Opposition
14 Jandiala (SC) Harbhajan Singh E.T.O. Aam Aadmi Party Government
15 Amritsar North Kunwar Vijay Pratap Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
16 Amritsar West (SC) Jasbir Singh Sandhu Aam Aadmi Party Government
17 Amritsar Central Ajay Gupta Aam Aadmi Party Government
18 Amritsar East Jeevan Jyot Kaur Aam Aadmi Party Government
19 Amritsar South Dr. Inderbir Singh Nijjar Aam Aadmi Party Government
20 Attari (SC) Jaswinder Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Tarn Taran 21 Tarn Taran Dr. Kashmir Singh Sohal Aam Aadmi Party Government
22 Khemkaran Sarvan Singh Dhun Aam Aadmi Party Government
23 Patti Laljit Singh Bhullar Aam Aadmi Party Government
24 Khadoor Sahib Manjinder Singh Lalpura Aam Aadmi Party Government
Amritsar 25 Baba Bakala (SC) Dalbir Singh Tong Aam Aadmi Party Government
Kapurthala 26 Bholath Sukhpal Singh Khaira Indian National Congress Opposition
27 Kapurthala Rana Gurjeet Singh Indian National Congress Opposition
28 Sultanpur Lodhi Rana Inder Pratap Singh Independent politician Opposition
29 Phagwara (SC) Balwinder Singh Dhaliwal Indian National Congress Opposition
Jalandhar 30 Phillaur (SC) Vikramjit Singh Chaudhary Indian National Congress Opposition
Independent politician Suspended by INC in April 2024.[20]
31 Nakodar Inderjit Kaur Mann Aam Aadmi Party Government
32 Shahkot Hardev Singh Laddi Indian National Congress Opposition
33 Kartarpur (SC) Balkar Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
34 Jalandhar West (SC) Sheetal Angural Aam Aadmi Party Government
Bharatiya Janata Party Switched to BJP from AAP
35 Jalandhar Central Raman Arora Aam Aadmi Party Government
36 Jalandhar North Avtar Singh Junior Indian National Congress Opposition
37 Jalandhar Cantonment Pargat Singh Indian National Congress Opposition
38 Adampur (SC) Sukhwinder Singh Kotli Indian National Congress Opposition
Hoshiarpur 39 Mukerian Jangi Lal Mahajan Bharatiya Janata Party Opposition
40 Dasuya Karambir Singh Ghuman Aam Aadmi Party Government
41 Urmar Jasvir Singh Raja Gill Aam Aadmi Party Government
42 Sham Chaurasi (SC) Dr. Ravjot Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
43 Hoshiarpur Bram Shanker Aam Aadmi Party Government
44 Chabbewal (SC) Dr. Raj Kumar Chabbewal Indian National Congress Opposition
Vacant
45 Garhshankar Jai Krishan Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar 46 Banga (SC) Dr. Sukhwinder Kumar Sukhi Shiromani Akali Dal Opposition
47 Nawan Shahr Nachhatar Pal Bahujan Samaj Party Opposition
48 Balachaur Santosh Katariaa Aam Aadmi Party Government
Rupnagar 49 Anandpur Sahib Harjot Singh Bains Aam Aadmi Party Government
50 Rupnagar Dinesh Chadha Aam Aadmi Party Government
51 Chamkaur Sahib (SC) Dr Charanjit Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 52 Kharar Anmol Gagan Maan Aam Aadmi Party Government
53 S.A.S. Nagar Kulwant Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Fatehgarh Sahib 54 Bassi Pathana (SC) Rupinder Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
55 Fatehgarh Sahib Lakhbir Singh Rai Aam Aadmi Party Government
56 Amloh Gurinder Singh Garry Aam Aadmi Party Government
Ludhiana 57 Khanna Tarunpreet Singh Sond Aam Aadmi Party Government
58 Samrala Jagtar Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
59 Sahnewal Hardeep Singh Mundian Aam Aadmi Party Government
60 Ludhiana East Daljit Singh Grewal Aam Aadmi Party Government
61 Ludhiana South Rajinder Pal Kaur Chhina Aam Aadmi Party Government
62 Atam Nagar Kulwant Singh Sidhu Aam Aadmi Party Government
63 Ludhiana Central Ashok Prashar Pappi Aam Aadmi Party Government
64 Ludhiana West Gurpreet Gogi Aam Aadmi Party Government
65 Ludhiana North Madan Lal Bagga Aam Aadmi Party Government
66 Gill (SC) Jiwan Singh Sangowal Aam Aadmi Party Government
67 Payal (SC) Manwinder Singh Gyaspura Aam Aadmi Party Government
68 Dakha Manpreet Singh Ayali Shiromani Akali Dal Opposition
69 Raikot (SC) Hakam Singh Thekedar Aam Aadmi Party Government
70 Jagraon (SC) Saravjit Kaur Manuke Aam Aadmi Party Government
Moga 71 Nihal Singh Wala (SC) Manjit Singh Bilaspur Aam Aadmi Party Government
72 Bhagha Purana Amritpal Singh Sukhanand Aam Aadmi Party Government
73 Moga Dr. Amandeep Kaur Arora Aam Aadmi Party Government
74 Dharamkot Devinder Singh Laddi Dhos Aam Aadmi Party Government
Ferozpur 75 Zira Naresh Kataria Aam Aadmi Party Government
76 Firozpur City Ranveer Singh Bhullar Aam Aadmi Party Government
77 Firozpur Rural (SC) Rajnish Dahiya Aam Aadmi Party Government
78 Guru Har Sahai Fauja Singh Sarari Aam Aadmi Party Government
Fazilka 79 Jalalabad Jagdeep Kamboj Goldy Aam Aadmi Party Government
80 Fazilka Narinderpal Singh Sawna Aam Aadmi Party Government
81 Abohar Sandeep Jakhar Indian National Congress
Independent politician Suspended by INC in August 2023.[1]
82 Balluana (SC) Amandeep Singh ‘Goldy’ Musafir Aam Aadmi Party Government
Sri Muktsar Sahib 83 Lambi Gurmeet Singh Khudian Aam Aadmi Party Government
84 Gidderbaha Amrinder Singh Raja Warring Indian National Congress Opposition
85 Malout (SC) Dr. Baljit Kaur Aam Aadmi Party Government
86 Muktsar Jagdeep Singh Brar Aam Aadmi Party Government
Faridkot 87 Faridkot Gurdit Singh Sekhon Aam Aadmi Party Government
88 Kotkapura Kultar Singh Sandhwan Aam Aadmi Party Government
89 Jaitu (SC) Amolak Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Bathinda 90 Rampura Phul Balkar Singh Sidhu Aam Aadmi Party Government
91 Bhucho Mandi (SC) Master Jagsir Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
92 Bathinda Urban Jagroop Singh Gill Aam Aadmi Party Government
93 Bathinda Rural (SC) Amit Rattan Kotfatta Aam Aadmi Party Government
94 Talwandi Sabo Baljinder Kaur Aam Aadmi Party Government
95 Maur Sukhvir Maiser Khana Aam Aadmi Party Government
Mansa 96 Mansa Vijay Singla Aam Aadmi Party Government
97 Sardulgarh Gurpreet Singh Banawali Aam Aadmi Party Government
98 Budhlada (SC) Budhram Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
Sangrur 99 Lehragaga Barinder Kumar Goyal Aam Aadmi Party Government
100 Dirba (SC) Harpal Singh Cheema Aam Aadmi Party Government
101 Sunam Aman Arora Aam Aadmi Party Government
102 Malerkotla Mohammad Jamil Ur Rehman Aam Aadmi Party Government
103 Amargarh Jaswant Singh Gajjan Majra Aam Aadmi Party Government
104 Dhuri Bhagwant Mann Aam Aadmi Party Government
105 Sangrur Narinder Kaur Bharaj Aam Aadmi Party Government
Barnala 106 Bhadaur (SC) Labh Singh Ugoke Aam Aadmi Party Government
107 Barnala Meet Hayer Aam Aadmi Party Government
108 Mehal Kalan (SC) Kulwant Singh Pandori Aam Aadmi Party Government
Patiala 109 Nabha (SC) Gurdev Singh Dev Maan Aam Aadmi Party Government
110 Patiala Rural Balbir Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government
111 Rajpura Neena Mittal Aam Aadmi Party Government
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 112 Dera Bassi Kuljit Singh Randhawa Aam Aadmi Party Government
Patiala 113 Ghanaur Gurlal Ghanaur Aam Aadmi Party Government
114 Sanour Harmit Singh Pathanmajra Aam Aadmi Party Government
115. Patiala Ajit Pal Singh Kohli Aam Aadmi Party Government
116 Samana Chetan Singh Jaura Majra Aam Aadmi Party Government
117 Shutrana (SC) Kulwant Singh Bazigar Aam Aadmi Party Government

Past election results
Years Others Total
INC SAD AAP BJP IND
1952 96 13 ~ ~ 9 8 126
1957 120 ^ 13 21 154
1962 90 19 18 27
1967 48 ^ 9 47 104
1969 38 43 4 17
1972 66 24 3 11
1977 17 58 2 40 117
1980 63 37 1 2 14
1985 32 73 6 4 2
1992 87 3 6 4 20
1997 14 75 18 6 4
2002 62 41 3 9 2
2007 44 49 19 5 0
2012 46 56 12 3 0
2017 77 15 20 3 0 2
2022 18 3 92 2 1 1
  • ^ - Party didn't contest election
  • ~ - Party didn't exist
  • - Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
  • - Red color box indicates the official opposition party

List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies
Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947)
Assembly Tenure Premier Party formed government Note
First sitting Date of dissolution
1 5 April 1937 19 March 1945 Sikandar Hayat Khan Unionist Party Assembly tenure extended due to World War II
Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana Assembly dissolved to conduct fresh and Impartial election
2 21 March 1946 4 July 1947 Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana Assembly dissolved since government resigned against Partition
Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947–present)
Assembly Tenure Chief Minister Party formed government Note
First sitting Date of dissolution
Interim 1 November 1947 20 June 1951 Gopi Chand Bhargava Indian National Congress Interim Assembly
Bhim Sen Sachar
Gopi Chand Bhargava
1st 3 May 1952 31 March 1957 Bhim Sen Sachar
Partap Singh Kairon
2nd 24 April 1957 1 March 1962 Partap Singh Kairon
3rd 13 March 1962 28 February 1967 Partap Singh Kairon Assembly under suspension from 5 July 1966 to 1 November 1966
Gopi Chand Bhargava
Ram Kishan
Gurmukh Singh Musafir
4th 20 March 1967 23 August 1968 Gurnam Singh Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh Assembly dissolved prematurely
Lachhman Singh Gill Punjab Janta Party
5th 13 March 1969 14 June 1971 Gurnam Singh Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly dissolved prematurely
Parkash Singh Badal
6th 21 March 1972 30 April 1977 Zail Singh Indian National Congress Assembly tenure extended by one month due to Emergency
7th 30 June 1977 17 February 1980 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly dissolved prematurely
8th 23 June 1980 26 June 1985 Darbara Singh Indian National Congress Assembly suspended from 6 October 1983 and later dissolved due to Insurgency
9th 14 October 1985 11 May 1987 Surjit Singh Barnala Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly dissolved prematurely due to Insurgency
10 16 March 1992 11 February 1997 Beant Singh Indian National Congress -
Harcharan Singh Brar
Rajinder Kaur Bhattal
11 3 March 1997 26 February 2002 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal
12 21 March 2002 27 February 2007 Amarinder Singh Indian National Congress
13 1 March 2007 6 March 2012 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal
14 19 March 2012 11 March 2017 Parkash Singh Badal
15 24 March 2017 11 March 2022 Amarinder Singh Indian National Congress
Charanjit Singh Channi
16 17 March 2022 Bhagwant Mann Aam Aadmi Party

See also
  • PEPSU
  • Interim East Punjab Assembly
  • Elections in Punjab
  • List of governors of Punjab (India)
  • List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly
  • List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India
  • List of speakers of the Punjab Legislative Assembly
  • List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly

References
  1. "Congress suspends Abohar MLA Sandeep Jakhar for 'anti-party' activities". Hindustan Times. 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  2. "Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities". Indian Express. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  3. "Punjab Legislative Assembly". legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  4. "Kerala Government – Legislature". Kerala Niyamasabha. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  5. "Punjab Cabinet swearing-in Live Updates: From uprooting corruption to tackling drug addiction in Punjab — newly-inducted Ministers set targets". The Indian Express. 19 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  6. "In Punjab Cabinet, Bhagwant Mann Keeps Home, Harpal Cheema Gets Finance". NDTV.com. 21 March 2022. Archived from the original on 21 March 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  7. Service, Tribune News (22 June 2022). "All Zero Hour questions to be answered: Punjab Speaker Kultar Singh Sandhwan". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  8. "BJP trying to topple AAP government in Punjab, offering Rs 25 crore to MLAs: Minister". Tribuneindia News Service. 13 September 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  9. "BJP is calling AAP MLAs, offering money and threatening to join: Punjab minister". The Indian Express. 13 September 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  10. "Punjab Governor Banwarilal Purohit acting at behest of BJP: Aam Aadmi Party". The Hindu. 24 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  11. "Opposition hails Punjab Governor for withdrawing nod to special Assembly session". Tribuneindia News Service. 24 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  12. "Punjab governor summons assembly session on September 27". telegraphindia.com. 25 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  13. "AAP nominates party MLA Kultar Singh Sandhwan as next Punjab assembly speaker". Hindustan Times. 18 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  14. "Jai Krishan Singh Rouri is new Deputy Speaker of Punjab assembly". The Indian Express. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  15. "Punjab speaker appoints heads of House committees". Hindustan Times. 22 May 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
  16. "Committees". punjabassembly.nic.in. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
  17. "Punjab Results Live". results.eci.gov.in. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  18. Bhagwant Mann elected leader of legislative party leader
  19. SAD appoints its new leader of legislative party
  20. "Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities". Indian Express. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
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