Tornado (sailboat)

Tornado
	Class symbol
Boat
Crew	2 (twin trapeze, since 2000)
Draft	0.15 m (6 in); 0.76 m (2 ft 6 in)
Hull
Hull weight	155 kg (342 lb) (boat weight); 6.3 kg (14 lb) (mast tip weight)
LOA	6.09 m (20.0 ft)
LWL	5.84 m (19 ft 2 in)
Beam	3.08 m (10 ft 1 in)
Rig
Mast length	9.08 m (29 ft 9 in)
Sails
Mainsail area	16.61 m2 (178.8 sq ft)
Jib/genoa area	5.33 m2 (57.4 sq ft)
Spinnaker area	25.00 m2 (269.1 sq ft)
Racing
D-PN	59.0
RYA PN	644
Former Olympic class

The Tornado is a double handed multihull class recognised as an International Class by the International Sailing Federation. It was used for the Catamaran discipline at the Olympic Games from 1976 to 2008.

Design

One hull flying

The boat was designed in 1967 by Rodney March from the Isle of Sheppey, England. At the IYRU Olympic Catamaran Trials for international status, where it defeated other catamarans.[1]

To increase its performance even further, the Tornado was modified in 2001, with a new sail plan which included a spinnaker and spinnaker boom, as well as an increased sail area of the existing sails. An additional trapeze was also added, and the jib was made self tacking.[1]

The Tornado is among the fastest double handed catamarans, with an ISAF Small Catamaran Handicap Rating System rating of 0.934 and a D-PN of 59.0.[2] It is the fastest catamaran in the RYA Portsmouth Yardstick scheme, with a 2015 Portsmouth Number of 634.[3]

Events

Olympics

The Tornado was used as the equipment for the multihull discipline in the Olympic Games from 1976 through 2008, when multihulls were deselected. Please see the individual years for results Olympic Sailing Regatta

Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1976 Montreal	Great Britain (GBR) Reginald White John Osborn	United States (USA) David McFaull Michael Rothwell	West Germany (FRG) Jörg Spengler Jörg Schmall
1980 Moscow	Brazil (BRA) Lars Sigurd Björkström Alexandre Welter	Denmark (DEN) Peter Due Per Kjergard	Sweden (SWE) Göran Marström Jörgen Ragnarsson
1984 Los Angeles	New Zealand (NZL) Rex Sellers Chris Timms	United States (USA) Randy Smyth Jay Glaser	Australia (AUS) Christopher Cairns John Anderson
1988 Seoul	France (FRA) Jean Le Deroff Nicolas Hénard	New Zealand (NZL) Chris Timms Rex Sellers	Brazil (BRA) Lars Grael Clinio Freitas
1992 Barcelona	France (FRA) Yves Loday Nicolas Hénard	United States (USA) Randy Smyth Keith Notary	Australia (AUS) Mitch Booth John Forbes
1996 Atlanta	Spain (ESP) Fernando León José Luis Ballester	Australia (AUS) Mitch Booth Andrew Landenberger	Brazil (BRA) Lars Grael Henrique Pellicano
2000 Sydney	Austria (AUT) Roman Hagara Hans-Peter Steinacher	Australia (AUS) Darren Bundock John Forbes	Germany (GER) Roland Gäbler René Schwall
2004 Athens	Austria (AUT) Roman Hagara Hans Peter Steinacher	United States (USA) John Lovell Charlie Ogletree	Argentina (ARG) Santiago Lange Carlos Espínola
2008 Beijing	Spain (ESP) Antón Paz Fernando Echávarri	Australia (AUS) Darren Bundock Glenn Ashby	Argentina (ARG) Santiago Lange Carlos Espínola

World Championships

Open

Year	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1968 Kiel	Great Britain Ian Tremlett Bill Tremlett
1969 Melbourne	Australia Maurice Davies Ian Ramsay	Australia Jim Dachtler
1970 Eau Galle, Florida	United States Paul Lindenberg Jack Sammons
1971 Weymouth	Great Britain Ian Fraser Tim Coventry
1972 Travemünde	Austria Robert Jessenig Hans Polaschegg	United States John Weiser	Great Britain Ian Fraser
1973 Toronto	United States Bruce Stewart Bruce Harvey	United States John Weiser Cappy Sheeley	United States Roy Seaman
1974 Honolulu	Austria Robert Jessenig Hans Polaschegg	United States R Paul Allen Woody Cox	United States David McFaull Michael Rothwell
1975 Copenhagen	West Germany Jörg Spengler Jörg Schmall	Great Britain Reginald White John Osborn	United States Bruce Badeau Douglas Cummings
1976 Sydney	Great Britain Reginald White John Osborn	Australia Brian Lewis Warren Rock	Australia Jim Dachtler
1977 Long Beach	West Germany Jörg Spengler Rolf Dullenkopf	Australia Brian Lewis Warren Rock	United States Keith Notari Dave Gamblin
1978 Weymouth	Soviet Union Viktor Potapov Aleksander Sybin	Great Britain Reginald White Stephen Olle	Australia Brian Lewis Warren Rock
1979 Kiel	Great Britain Reginald White Stephen Olle	Denmark Peter Due Per Kjaergaard	West Germany Tobias Neuhann Herbert Plenk
1980 Auckland	Soviet Union Viktor Potapov Aleksander Sybin	Austria Hans Prack Gottlieb Peer	West Germany Jörg Spengler Jörg Schmall
1981 Carnac	United States Randy Smyth Jay Glaser	Soviet Union Jakov Kliver Sergey Fogilev	France Yves Loday Christian Buet
1982 Kingston	United States Randy Smyth Jay Glaser
1983 Hayling Island	Australia Christopher Cairns Scott Anderson	Netherlands Willy van Bladel Huub Lambriex	France Yves Loday Franck Aussedat
1984 Melbourne	Australia Christopher Cairns Scott Anderson	United States Randy Smyth Jay Glaser	Netherlands Willy van Bladel Huub Lambriex
1985 Travemünde	Great Britain Robert White Jeremy Newman	United States Randy Smyth Jay Glaser	Denmark Paul Elvstrøm Trine Elvstrøm
1986 Hamilton	Great Britain Robert White Jeremy Newman	West Germany Stephan Lange Michael Starken	Great Britain Greg White Daniel Campbell-Jones
1987 Kiel	Austria Andreas Hagara Roman Hagara	Australia Christ Cairns John Forbes	Italy Giorgio Zuccoli Luca Santella
1988 Tallinn	Soviet Union Yuri Konovalov (sailor) Sergey Kravtsov	France Jean-Yves Le Déroff Nicolas Hénard	Italy Giorgio Zuccoli Luca Santella
1989 Houston	Australia Mitch Booth John Forbes	Italy Giorgio Zuccoli Angelo Glisoni	Australia Allan Goddell Greg Cann
1990 Medemblik	France Christophe Clevenot Maurice Eisenblatter	Australia Brad Schafferius Lachlan Gilbert	Austria Andreas Hagara Roman Hagara
1991 Cagliari	Italy Giorgio Zuccoli Angelo Glisoni	Italy Walter Pirinoli Marco Pirinoli	Germany Oliver Schwall René Schwall
1992 Perth	Australia Mitch Booth John Forbes	Germany Oliver Schwall René Schwall	France Frédéric le Peutrec Richard de Mec
1993 Long Beach	Germany Oliver Schwall René Schwall	Australia Mitch Booth John Forbes	France Christophe Clevenot Yvon Quernec
1994 Båstad	Spain Fernando León José Luis Ballester	Germany Helge Sach Jens-Christian Sach	Australia Mitch Booth John Forbes
1995 Kingston	Italy Walter Pirinoli Marco Pirinoli	France Jean-Christofer Mourniac Philippe Mourniac	Spain Fernando León José Luis Ballester
1996 Brisbane	Germany Roland Gäbler Frank Parlow	Spain Fernando León José Luis Ballester	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes
1997 Hamilton	Germany Roland Gäbler René Schwall	Spain Fernando León José Luis Ballester	Australia Mitch Booth Andrew Beashel
1998 Buzios	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes	Germany Roland Gäbler René Schwall	Spain Fernando León José Luis Ballester
1999 Vallensbæk	Austria Roman Hagara Hans-Peter Steinacher	Austria Andreas Hagara Wolfgang Moser	Germany Roland Gäbler René Schwall
2000 Sydney	Germany Roland Gäbler René Schwall	Austria Roman Hagara Hans-Peter Steinacher	France Jean-Christofer Mourniac Philippe Mourniac
2001 Richards Bay	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes	Austria Roman Hagara Hans-Peter Steinacher	Great Britain Hugh Styles Adam May
2002 Edgartown	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes	France Olivier Backes Laurent Voiron	Netherlands Mitch Booth Herbert Dercksen
2003 Cádiz	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes	Great Britain Leigh McMillan Mark Bulkeley	Argentina Santiago Lange Carlos Espínola
2004 Palma de Mallorca	Argentina Santiago Lange Carlos Espínola	United States John Lovell Charlie Ogletree	Australia Darren Bundock John Forbes
2005 La Rochelle	Spain Fernando Echávarri Antón Paz	Great Britain Leigh McMillan Will Howden	France Xavier Revil Christophe Espagnon
2006 San Isidro	Australia Darren Bundock Glenn Ashby	Argentina Santiago Lange Carlos Espínola	Austria Roman Hagara Hans-Peter Steinacher
2007 Cascais	Spain Fernando Echávarri Antón Paz	Belgium Carolijn Brouwer Sébastien Godefroid	Netherlands Mitch Booth Pim Nieuwenhuis
2008 North Shore City	Australia Darren Bundock Glenn Ashby	Canada Oskar Johansson Kevin Stittle	France Yann Guichard Alexandre Guyader
2009 Bogliaco	Australia Darren Bundock Glenn Ashby	Austria Thomas Zajac Thomas Czajka	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis
2010 Travemünde	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Germany Helge Sach Christian Sach
2011 Biel	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Australia Brett Burvill Ryan Duffield
2012 Torbole	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Italy Matteo Ferraglia Lorenzo Bianchini
2013 Ibiza	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Australia Brett Burvill Faris Chase
2014 Nedlands	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Australia Brett Burvill Ryan Duffield	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler
2015 Carnac	Greece Iordanis Paschalidis Konstantinos Trigkonis	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Greece Mavros Nikolaos Tagaropoulos Alexandros
2016 Lindau	Iordanis Paschalidis (GRE) Konstantinos Trigonis (GRE)	Australia Gavin Colby Billy Leonard	Estela Jentsch (GER) Daniel Brown (GER)
2017 Thessaloniki (GRE) 23 Boats	Iordanis Paschalidis (GRE) Konstantinos Trigonis (GRE)
2018 La Grande Motte (FRA) 24 Boats	Iordanis Paschalidis (GRE) Konstantinos Trigonis (GRE)	Brett Burvill (AUS) Max Puttman (AUS)	Estela Jentsch (GER) Daniel Brown (GER)
2019 Takapuna (NZL) 23 Boats [4]	Brett Burvill (AUS) Max Puttman (AUS)	Jorg Steiner (SUI) Michael Gloor (SUI)	Estela Jentsch (GER) Daniel Brown (GER)
2021 Thessaloniki (GRE) 17 Boats [5]	Konstantinos Trigonis (GRE) Konstantinos Kazantzis (GRE)	Michaela Pavlisova (CZE) Marek Pavlis (CZE)	Nikolaos Mavros (GRE) Periklis Aidinidis (GRE)
2022 La Grande Motte (FRA) 24 Boats [6]	Konstantinos Trigonis (GRE) Konstantinos Kazantzis (GRE)	Yoann Trécul (FRA) Thomas Ferrand (FRA)	Brett Burvill (AUS) Kirsikka Raisainen (FIN)

Mixed

Year	Gold	Silver	Bronze
2010 Travemünde	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Germany Kiki Loweg Florian Loweg	Germany Andreas Behem Katharina Behem
2011 Biel	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Austria Nicole Salzmann Dietmar Salzmann	Switzerland Martin Rusterholz Julia Rusterholz
2012 Torbole	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Germany Dieter Maurer Maren Odefey	Spain Jürgen Jentsch Sarah Steimer Klees
2013 Ibiza	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Switzerland Jean-Marc Cuanillion Gudrun Kolb	Greece Maria Tsausidou Michael Papadopolus
2014 Nedlands	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Spain Jürgen Jentsch Sarah Steimer Klees	Greece Maria Tsausidou Marc Baier
2015 Carnac	Germany Roland Gäbler Nahid Gäbler	Switzerland Jean-Marc Cuanillion Gudrun Kolb	Czech Republic Zdeněk Pavlis Michaela Pavlisova
2016 Lindau	Australia Brett Burvill Estela Jentsch	Greece Maria Tsausidou Michael Papadopolus	Czech Republic Zdeněk Pavlis Michaela Pavlisova
2017 Thessaloniki	Czech Republic Zdeněk Pavlis Michaela Pavlisova	Germany Jürgen Jentsch Sarah Jentsch	Czech Republic Markus Betz Monika Schuster
2018 La Grande Motte	Germany Estela Jentsch Daniel Brown	Austria Dietmar Salzmann Silvia Salzmann	Germany Jürgen Jentsch Sarah Jentsch
2019 Takapuna	Germany Estela Jentsch Daniel Brown	Czech Republic Zdeněk Pavlis Michaela Pavlisova	Australia Jared Eyles Suzanne Eyles
2021 Thessaloniki	Czech Republic Michaela Pavlisova Marek Pavlis	Czech Republic Zdeněk Pavlis Klara Pavlisova	Greece Efstratios Kosmoglou Maria Voyatzopoulou
2022 La Grande Motte	Australia Brett Burvill Kirsikka Raisanen	Austria Angelika Kohlendorfer Calvin Claus	Czech Republic Michaela Pavlisova Marek Pavlis

References

Forbes, John; Young, Jim (2003). "A Brief Tornado History—The Story of the Tornado, the Olympic Catamaran". International Tornado Class Association. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
"Multihull Classes". U.S. Sailing. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-01-20. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
"Portsmouth Number List 2015" (PDF). Royal Yachting Association. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-01-27. For any catamaran classes that do not appear on this list but that have a published SCHRS number on http://www.schrs.com/ratings.php it is possible to use a conversion factor of 675 as agreed between the Portsmouth Yardstick Group and SCHRS Technical Committee. To convert from SCHRS to PY, simply multiply the SCHRS number by 675 e.g: Tornado = 0.939(SCHRS) x 675 = 634 (PY) If using the conversion factor please return results to http://www.pys.org.uk using the correct class designation. {{cite web}}: External link in |quote= (help)
https://www.sailwave.com/results/2019_Tornado_World_Championship.htm
http://oxygonon.gr/tornado
https://www.manage2sail.com/en-US/event/TEC22#!/results?classId=Tornado

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[:0-1] Forbes, John; Young, Jim (2003). "A Brief Tornado History—The Story of the Tornado, the Olympic Catamaran". International Tornado Class Association. Retrieved 2016-01-27.

[USmh-2] "Multihull Classes". U.S. Sailing. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-01-20. Retrieved 2016-01-27.

[RYA2012-3] "Portsmouth Number List 2015" (PDF). Royal Yachting Association. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-01-27. For any catamaran classes that do not appear on this list but that have a published SCHRS number on http://www.schrs.com/ratings.php it is possible to use a conversion factor of 675 as agreed between the Portsmouth Yardstick Group and SCHRS Technical Committee. To convert from SCHRS to PY, simply multiply the SCHRS number by 675 e.g: Tornado = 0.939(SCHRS) x 675 = 634 (PY) If using the conversion factor please return results to http://www.pys.org.uk using the correct class designation. {{cite web}}: External link in |quote= (help)

[4] ttps://www.sailwave.com/results/2019_Tornado_World_Championship.htm

[5] ttp://oxygonon.gr/tornado

[6] ttps://www.manage2sail.com/en-US/event/TEC22#!/results?classId=Tornado

Classes of World Sailing
Current Olympic classes	470 49er 49er FX Finn IQFoil Laser Standard Laser Radial Nacra 17
World Sailing centreboard classes	29er 420 505 B14 Byte Cadet Contender Enterprise Europe Fireball Flying Dutchman GP14 International 14 International FJ Laser 4.7 Lightning Mirror Moth Musto Skiff O'PEN Skiff OK Dinghy Optimist RS Feva RS Tera RS100 RS500 Snipe Splash Sunfish Tasar Topper Vaurien Zoom 8
World Sailing keelboat classes	2.4 mR 5.5 m 6 mR 8 mR 12 mR Dragon Etchells FarEast 28 Flying Fifteen Hansa 2.3 Hansa 303 Hansa Liberty H-boat International One Design J/22 J/24 J/70 J/80 Melges 20 Melges 24 Melges 32 Micro Platu 25 RC44 SB20 Shark 24 Soling Sonar Star Tempest Viper 640 Yngling
World Sailing yacht classes	Class40 ClubSwan 50 Farr 40 IMOCA 60 J/111 Maxi Soto 40 Swan 45 TP 52 X-35 X-41
World Sailing multihull classes	A-Class Dart 18 Formula 16 Formula 18 Hobie 14 Hobie 16 Hobie 17 Hobie Dragoon Hobie Tiger Hobie Wildcat Nacra 15 Nacra 17 Nacra F18 Infusion Nacra 20 Carbon M32 SL 16 Topcat K1 Tornado Viper F16
World Sailing windsurfer classes	Formula Experience Formula Windsurfing Funboard Kona Mistral Raceboard RS:One Speed Windsurfing Techno 293 IQFoil
World Sailing kiteboarding classes	IKA Open Formula Kite IKA Twin Top Racing IKA Twin Top Freestyle IKA Twin Top Kitefoil
IRSA remote-control classes	10 rater A Class Marblehead One Metre
Former World Sailing classes	11:Metre One Design 29erXX Aloha Buzz C-Class Division I Division II Division III Elliott 6m Farr 30 (Mumm 30) Farr 45 Farr Maxi One Design Hobie 17 Hobie 18 IOD ISO Laser 2 Laser Vago Lechner A-390 Mistral Junior Mumm 36 Nacra F18 Open 50 ORMA 60 Sydney 40 Ultimate 20 Windglider X-99

Olympic sailing classes
Current classes	470 49er 49erFX Finn Formula Kite IQFoil Laser Laser Radial Nacra 17
Former classes (In order of first use)	Ton classes (0–½, ½–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–10, 10–20, 20⁺ & Open) 6 Metre 7 Metre 8 Metre 12 Metre 10 Metre 12 foot dinghy 18 foot dinghy 6.5 Metre 8.5 Metre 9 Metre 15 Metre Skerry cruiser 30 m² Skerry cruiser 40 m² French National Monotype 1924 Snowbird Star O-Jolle Firefly Swallow Dragon 5.5 Metre 12 m² Sharpie Flying Dutchman Tempest Soling Tornado Windglider Division II Lechner A-390 Europe Mistral One Design Yngling RS:X Elliott 6m
Youth classes	Nacra 15 Techno 293
Former youth classes	Byte