List of women's rights activists

Notable women's rights activists are as follows, arranged alphabetically by modern country names and by the names of the persons listed:

Afghanistan
  • Amina Azimi – disabled women's rights advocate
  • Hasina Jalal – women's empowerment activist
  • Quhramaana Kakar – Senior Strategic Advisor for Conciliation Resources
  • Masuada Karokhi (born 1962) – Member of Parliament and women’s rights campaigner

Albania
  • Parashqevi Qiriazi (1880–1970) – teacher
  • Sevasti Qiriazi (1871–1949) – pioneer of female education
  • Urani Rumbo (1895–1936) – feminist, teacher, and playwright

Algeria
  • Aïcha Lemsine (born 1942) – French-language writer and women's rights activist
  • Ahlam Mosteghanemi (born 1953) – writer and sociologist

Argentina
  • Virginia Bolten (1870–1960) – Argentine journalist as well as an anarchist and feminist activist of German descent
  • Raymunda Torres y Quiroga – 19th-century Argentine writer and women's rights activist
  • Azucena Villaflor (1924–1977) – social activist, a founder of the human rights association Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo

Australia
  • Thelma Bate (1904–1984) – community leader, advocate for inclusion of Aboriginals in Country Women's Association
  • Rosie Batty (born 1962) – 2015 Australian of the Year and family violence campaigner
  • Eva Cox (born 1938) – sociologist and feminist active in politics and social services, member of Women's Electoral Lobby, social commentator on women in power and at work, and social justice
  • Zelda D'Aprano (1928–2018) – trade unionist, feminist, in 1969 chained herself to doors of Commonwealth Building over equal pay
  • Louisa Margaret Dunkley (1866–1927) – telegraphist and labour organizer
  • Elizabeth Evatt (born 1933) – legal reformist, jurist, critic of Australia's Sex Discrimination Act, first Australian in United Nations Commission on Human Rights
  • Miles Franklin (1879–1954) – writer and feminist
  • Vida Goldstein (1869–1949) – early Australian feminist campaigning for women's suffrage and social reform, first woman in British Empire to stand for national election
  • Germaine Greer (born 1939) – author of The Female Eunuch, academic and social commentator
  • Bella Guerin (1858–1923) – first woman to graduate from an Australian university, Guerin was a prominent socialist feminist (although with periods of public dispute) within the Australian Labor Party
  • Louisa Lawson (1848–1920) – feminist, suffragist, author, founder of The Dawn, pro-republican federalist
  • Fiona Patten (born 1964) – leader of Australian Sex Party, lobbyist for personal freedoms and progressive lifestyles
  • Michelle Payne (born 1985) – first female winner of Melbourne Cup and an advocate of increased presence of women in sport
  • Eileen Powell (1913–1997) – trade unionist, women's activist and contributor to the Equal Pay for Equal Work decision
  • Millicent Preston-Stanley (1883–1955) – first female member of New South Wales Legislative Assembly, campaigner for custodial rights of mothers in divorce and for women's health care
  • Elizabeth Anne Reid (born 1942) – world's first women's affairs adviser to head of government (Gough Whitlam), active in the United Nations and on HIV
  • Bessie Rischbieth (1874–1967) – earliest female appointee to any court (honorary, Perth Children's Court, 1915), active against the Australian government practice of taking Aboriginal children from their mothers (Stolen Generation)
  • Jessie Street (1889–1970) – Australian suffragette, feminist and human rights campaigner influential in labour rights and early days of the UN
  • Anne Summers (born 1945) – women's rights activist in politics and media, women's advisor to Labor premier Paul Keating, editor of Ms. magazine (NY)
  • Mary Hynes Swanton (1861–1940) – Australian women's rights and trade unionist

Austria
  • Auguste Fickert (1855–1910) – feminist and social reformer
  • Marianne Hainisch (1839–1936) – activist, exponent of women's right to work and education
  • Bertha Pappenheim (1859–1936) – Austrian-Jewish feminist, founder of the German Jewish Women's Association

Belgium
  • Marguerite Coppin (1867–1931) – female Poet Laureate of Belgium and advocate of women's rights
  • Joséphine Nyssens Keelhoff (1833-1917) – Belgian temperance and women's rights activist, feminist, editor
  • Christine Loudes (1972–2016) – proponent of gender equality and women's rights
  • Frédérique Petrides (1903–1983) – Belgian-American pioneer female orchestral conductor, activist and editor of Women in Music
  • Marie Popelin (1846–1913) – lawyer, feminist campaigner, leader of the Belgian League for Women's Rights

Bosnia & Herzegovina
  • Indira Bajramović – Roma activist, director of the Association of Roma Women from Tuzla

Botswana
  • Unity Dow (born 1959) – judge and writer, plaintiff in case allowing children of mixed parentage to be deemed nationals

Brazil
  • Clara Ant (born 1948) – architect and political activist for the Partido dos Trabalhadores
  • Márcia Campos (fl. 1970s) – democratic rights activist, president of the Women's International Democratic Federation
  • Albertina de Oliveira Costa (born 1943) – feminist activist, member of the Conselho Nacional dos Direitos da Mulher (National Council for Women's Rights)
  • Jaqueline Jesus (born 1978) – LGBT rights activist
  • Lily Marinho (1921–2011) – UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador for Brazil from 1999 TO 2011
  • Míriam Martinho (born 1954) – leading feminist journalist and LGBT rights activist, known for her pioneering in Lesbian Feminism
  • Laudelina de Campos Melo (1904–1991) – created the first trade association for domestic workers in Brazil
  • Lucia Nader (born 1977) – human rights activist
  • Matilde Ribeiro (born 1960) – political activist, feminist and part of the anit-racism movement in Brazil, as well as former Chief Minister of SEPPIR, a government agency promoting racial equality in Brazil
  • Alzira Rufino (born 1949) – feminist, part of both the Black Movement and the Black Women's Movement
  • Heleieth Saffioti (1934–2010) – feminist activist and sociology professor
  • Miêtta Santiago (1903–1995) – suffragist, feminit activist, writer and poet
  • Viviane Senna (born 1957) – president of the Instituto Ayrton Senna
  • Yara Yavelberg (1943–1971) – university lecturer and part of the resistance against military dictatorship in Brazil

Bulgaria
  • Dimitrana Ivanova (1881–1960) – educational reformer and suffragist
  • Ekaterina Karavelova (1860–1947) – suffragist and women's rights activist
  • Anna Karima (1871–1949) – suffragist and women's rights activist
  • Eugenia Kisimova (1831–1885) – feminist, philanthropist, women's rights activist
  • Kina Konova (1872–1952) – publicist and suffragist
  • Julia Malinova (1869–1953) – suffragist and founder of the Bulgarian Women's Union

Burkina Faso
  • Catherine Ouedraogo (born 1962) – social activist and environmental protection advocate

Canada


  • Edith Archibald (1854–1936) – suffragist, writer, promoter of Maritime Women's Christian Temperance Union, National Council of Women of Canada and Local Council of Women of Halifax
  • Laura Borden (1861–1940) – president of the Local Council of Women of Halifax
  • Thérèse Casgrain (1896–1981) – suffragette, reformer, feminist, politician and senator, mainly active in Quebec
  • Françoise David (born 1948) – politician, feminist activist
  • Emily Howard Stowe (1831–1903) – physician, advocate of women's inclusion in medical profession, founder of Canadian Women's Suffrage Association
  • Marie Lacoste-Gérin-Lajoie (1867–1945) – suffragette, self-taught jurist
  • Nellie McClung (1873–1951) – feminist and suffragist, part of The Famous Five (Canada)
  • Jamie McIntosh (21st century) – lawyer and women's rights activist
  • Eliza Ritchie (1856–1933) – prominent suffragist, executive member of Local Council of Women of Halifax
  • Léa Roback (1903–2000) – feminist and workers' union activist tied with communist party
  • Idola Saint-Jean (1880–1945) – suffragette, journalist
  • Mary Two-Axe Earley (1911–1996) – indigenous women's rights activist

Cape Verde
  • Isaura Gomes (born 1944)

Chad
  • Lydie Beassemda (born c. 1967)
  • Céline Narmadji (born 1964)

Chile
  • Alicia Herrera Rivera (1928–2013) – feminist lawyer and minister of the Court of Appeals of Santiago
  • María Rivera Urquieta (born 1894) – professor and feminist

China
  • Cai Chang (1900–1990) – politician, first chair of the All-China Women's Federation
  • Chen Xiefen (1883–1923) – feminist, revolutionary and journalist
  • Fok Hing-tong (1872–1957)
  • He Xiangning (1878–1972)
  • Huixing (educator) (1871–1905)
  • Jiang Shufang (1867–1928) – school pioneer
  • Li Maizi (born 1989)
  • Lin Zongsu (1878–1944)
  • Liu-Wang Liming (1897–1970)
  • Lü Jinghua (born 1960)
  • Mao Hengfeng (born 1961)
  • Miao Boying
  • Nurungul Tohti (born 1980)
  • Qiu Yufang (1871–1904)
  • Wan Shaofen (born 1930)
  • Wang Huiwu (1898–1993)
  • Wei Tingting (born 1989)
  • Xiang Jingyu
  • Xie Xuehong (1901–1970)
  • Ye Haiyan (born 1975)
  • Zheng Churan

Colombia
  • Juana de J. Sarmiento (1899–1979), Colombian politician, activist
  • Miriam Margoth Martínez (born 1966) human rights defender

Croatia

Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Julienne Lusenge – women's activist recognized for advocating for survivors of wartime sexual violence

Denmark
  • Sophie Alberti (1846–1947) – pioneering women's rights activist and a leading member of Kvindelig Læseforening (Women Readers' Association)
  • Widad Akrawi (born 1969) – writer and doctor, advocate for gender equality, women's empowerment and participation in peace-building and post-conflict governance
  • Johanne Andersen (1862–1925), active in Funen and in the Danish Women's Society
  • Ragnhild Nikoline Andersen (1907–1990) – trade unionist, Communist party politician and Stutthof prisoner
  • Signe Arnfred (born 1944), sociologist specializing in gender studies
  • Matilde Bajer (1840–1934) – women's rights activist and pacifist
  • Annestine Beyer (1795–1884) – pioneer of women's education
  • Anne Bruun (1853–1934) – schoolteacher and women's rights activist
  • Esther Carstensen (1873–1955) – women right's activist, journal editor, active in the Danish Women's Society
  • Severine Casse (1805–1898) – women's rights activist, successful in fighting for a wife's right to dispose of her earnings
  • Karen Dahlerup (1920–2018), women's rights activist and politician
  • Ulla Dahlerup (born 1942) – writer, women's rights activist, member of the Danish Red Stocking Movement
  • Thora Daugaard (1874–1951) – women's rights activist, pacifist, editor
  • Henni Forchhammer (1863–1955) – educator, feminist, peace activist
  • Inger Gamburg (1892–1979) – trades unionist, Communist politician
  • Suzanne Giese (1946–2012) – writer, women's rights activist, prominent member of the Red Stocking Movement
  • Bente Hansen (born 1940) – writer, supporter of the Red Stocking Movement
  • Eline Hansen (1859–1919) – feminist and peace activist
  • Eva Hemmer Hansen (1913–1983) – writer and feminist
  • Estrid Hein (1873–1956) – ophthalmologist, women's rights activist, pacifist
  • Dagmar Hjort (1860–1902) – schoolteacher, writer, women's rights activist
  • Thora Ingemann Drøhse (1867–1948) – temperance campaigner and women's rights activist in Randers
  • Katja Iversen (born 1969) – author, advisor, women's rights advocate, President of Women Deliver 2014-2020
  • Thyra Jensen (1865–1949) – writer and women's rights activist in southern Schleswig
  • Erna Juel-Hansen (1845–1922) – novelist, early women's rights activist
  • Lene Koch (born 1947), gender studies researcher
  • Anna Laursen (1845–1911) – educator, head of the Aarhus branch of the Danish Women's Society
  • Anna Lohse (1866–1942), Odense schoolteacher and women's rights activist
  • Line Luplau (1823–1891) – feminist, suffragist, founder of the Danish Women's Suffrage Society
  • Elisabeth Møller Jensen (born 1946) – historian, feminist, director of Kvinfo from 1990 to 2014
  • Thora Knudsen (1861–1950), nurse, women's rights activist and philanthropist
  • Nynne Koch (1915–2001), pioneering women's studies researcher
  • Else Moltke (1888–1986), writer and leader of women's discussion group in Copenhagen
  • Elna Munch (1871–1845) – feminist, politician, co-founder of the Danish Association for Women's Suffrage
  • Louise Nørlund (1854–1919) – feminist, pacifist, founder of the Danish Women's Suffrage Society
  • Birgitte Berg Nielsen (1861–1951) – equal rights activist, educator
  • Charlotte Norrie (1855–1940) – nurse, women's rights activist, voting rights campaigner
  • Voldborg Ølsgaard (1877–1939) – women's rights and peace activist
  • Tania Ørum (born 1945), women's research activist, literary historian
  • Thora Pedersen (1875–1954) – educator, school inspector, women's rights activist who fought for equal pay for men and women
  • Johanne Rambusch (1865–1944) – feminist, politician, co-founder of the radical suffrage association Landsforbundet for Kvinders Valgret
  • Caja Rude (1884–1949), novelist, journalist and women's rights activist
  • Vibeke Salicath (1861–1921) – philanthropist, feminist, editor, politician
  • Astrid Stampe Feddersen (1852–1930) – chaired first Scandinavian meeting on women's rights
  • Karen Syberg (born 1945) – writer, feminist, co-founder of the Red Stocking Movement
  • Caroline Testman (1839–1919) – feminist, co-founder of Dansk Kvindesamfund
  • Ingeborg Tolderlund (1848–1935) – women's rights activist and suffragist
  • Clara Tybjerg (1864–1941) – women's rights activist, pacifist
  • Anna Westergaard (1882–1964) – railway official, trade unionist, women's rights activist, politician
  • Louise Wright (1861–1935) – philanthropist, feminist, peace activist
  • Natalie Zahle (1827–1913) – pioneer of women's education
  • Else Zeuthen (1897–1975) – Danish pacifist, women's rights activist and politician

East Timor
  • Magdalena Bidau Soares – ex-guerrilla, peace activist

Ecuador
  • Rosa Zárate y Ontaneda (1763–1813) – feminist and independence activist

Egypt
  • Qasim Amin (1863–1908) – jurist, early advocate of women's rights in society
  • Soraya Bahgat (born 1983) – Egyptian-Finnish women's rights advocate, social entrepreneur and founder of Tahrir Bodyguard
  • Ihsan El-Kousy (born 1900) – headmistress, writer and rights activist
  • Nawal el-Saadawi (1931–2021) – writer and doctor, advocate of women's health and equality
  • Entisar Elsaeed (fl. 2000s) – activist fighting female genital mutilation and domestic abuse
  • Engy Ghozlan (born 1985) – coordinator of campaigns against sexual harassment
  • Hoda Shaarawi (1879–1947) – feminist organizer of Mubarrat Muhammad Ali (women's social service organization), Union of Educated Egyptian Women, and Wafdist Women's Central Committee, founder president of Egyptian Feminist Union

Estonia
  • Elisabeth Howen (1834–1923) – women's educational pioneer

Finland
  • Hanna Andersin (1861–1914) – educator, feminist
  • Soraya Bahgat (born 1983) – see Egypt
  • Elisabeth Blomqvist (1827–1901) – pioneering female educator
  • Minna Canth (1844–1897) – writer, women's rights proponent
  • Adelaïde Ehrnrooth (1826–1905) – feminist, writer, early fighter for voting rights
  • Alexandra Gripenberg (1857–1913) – writer, women's rights activist, treasurer of the International Council of Women
  • Lucina Hagman (1853–1946) – feminist, politician, pacifist, president of the League of Finnish Feminists
  • Rosina Heikel (1842–1929) – feminist, first medical doctor in Finland
  • Alma Hjelt (1853–1907) – gymnast, women's rights activist, chair of the Finnish women's association Suomen Naisyhdistyksen
  • Hilda Käkikoski (1864–1912) – suffragist, writer, schoolteacher, early politician

France
  • Isnelle Amelin (1907–1994) – feminist and trade unionist from La Réunion
  • Hubertine Auclert (1848–1914) – feminist activist, suffragette
  • Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986) – philosopher, writer
  • Marie-Thérèse Lucidor Corbin (1749–1834) – French Creole activist and abolitionist in the French colonies
  • Charles Fourier (1772–1837) – philosopher
  • Françoise Giroud (1916–2003) – journalist, writer, politician
  • Olympe de Gouges (1748–1793) – playwright and political activist who wrote the 1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen
  • Blanche Moria (1858–1927) – sculptor, educator, feminist
  • Ndella Paye (born c. 1974) – Senegal-born militant Afro-feminist and Muslim theologian
  • Maria Pognon (1844–1925) – writer, feminist, suffragist, pacifist
  • Alphonse Rebière (1842–1900) – author of Les Femmes dans la science and advocate for women's scientific abilities
  • Léonie Rouzade (1839–1916) – journalist, novelist, feminist
  • Anne-Josèphe Théroigne de Méricourt (1762–1817) – politician
  • Flora Tristan (1803–1844) French-Peruvian activist, early advocate of socialism and feminism
  • Louise Weiss (1893–1983) – journalist, writer, politician

Germany
  • Jenny Apolant (1874–1925) – Jewish feminist, suffragist
  • Ruth Bré (c. 1862/67–1911) – writer, advocate of matrilineality and women's rights, founder of Bund für Mutterschutz (League for Maternity Leave)[1]
  • Johanna Elberskirchen (1864–1943) - feminist and activist for women's rights, gays and lesbians
  • Johanna von Evreinov (1844–1919) – Russian-born German feminist writer, pioneering female lawyer and editor
  • Lida Gustava Heymann (1868–1943) – feminist, pacifist and women's rights activist
  • Luise Koch (1860–1934) – educator, women's rights activist, suffragist, politician
  • Helene Lange (1848–1930) – educator, pioneering women's rights activist, suffragist
  • Sigrid Metz-Göckel (born 1940) – sociologist, gender studies academic
  • Ursula G. T. Müller (born 1940) – sociologist, gender studies academic
  • Louise Otto-Peters (1819–1895) – suffragist, women's rights activist, writer
  • Alice Salomon (1872–1948) – social reformer, women's rights activist, educator, writer
  • Käthe Schirmacher (1865–1930) – early women's rights activist, writer
  • Auguste Schmidt (1833–1902) – pioneering women's rights activist, educator, journalist
  • Alice Schwarzer (born 1942) – journalist and publisher of the magazine Emma
  • Gesine Spieß (1945–2016), educationalist specializing in gender studies
  • Marie Stritt (1855–1928) – women's rights activist, suffragist, co-founder of the International Alliance of Women
  • Johanna Vogt (1862–1944) – suffragist, first woman on the city council of Kassel starting in 1919.
  • Marianne Weber (1870–1954) – sociologist, women's rights activist, writer
  • Clara Zetkin (1857–1933) – Marxist theorist, women's rights activist, suffragist, politician

Ghana

Greece
  • Kalliroi Parren (1861–1940) – founder of the Greek women's movement
  • Avra Theodoropoulou (1880–1963) – music critic, pianist, suffragist, women's rights activist, nurse

Greenland
  • Aviâja Egede Lynge (born 1974), educator, activist for indigenous peoples and women's rights
  • Henriette Rasmussen (1950–2017), educator, journalist, women's rights activist and politician

Haiti
  • Léonie Coicou Madiou (1891–1974), political activist, feminist, educator

Hungary
  • Clotilde Apponyi (1867–1942) – suffragist
  • Enikő Bollobás (born 1952) – academic specializing in women's studies
  • Vilma Glücklich (1872–1927) – educational reformer and women's rights activist
  • Teréz Karacs (1808–1892) – writer and women's rights activist
  • Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948) – feminist, suffragist, World Peace Prize (1937)
  • Éva Takács (1780–1845) – writer and feminist
  • Blanka Teleki (1806–1862) – feminist and advocate of female education
  • Pálné Veres (1815–1895) – founder of Hungarian National Association for Women's Education

Iceland
  • Ingibjörg H. Bjarnason (1867–1941) – politician, suffragist, schoolteacher, gymnast
  • Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir (1856–1940) – activist for women's liberation and women's suffrage
  • Þórunn Jónassen (1850–1922) – active member of the women's movement
  • Katrín Magnússon (1858–1932) – promoter of women's voting rights and women's education

India
  • Angellica Aribam (born 1992) – political activist, founder of Femme First Foundation
  • Annie Basil (1911–1995) – Iranian-Indian activist for Armenian women
  • Yogita Bhayana – Indian anti-sexual violence activist and head of People Against Rape in India
  • Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954) – Irish-Indian suffragist, established All India Women's Conference, co-founded Irish Women's Franchise League
  • Madhusree Dutta (born 1959) – co-founder of Majlis, Mumbai, author, cultural activist, filmmaker, curator
  • Rehana Fathima (born 1986) – women's rights activist
  • Ruchira Gupta (born 1964) – journalist and activist. She is the founder of Apne Aap, a non-governmental organization that works for women's rights and the eradication of sex trafficking
  • Nazli Gegum (1874–1968) – Indian girl education activist
  • Kirthi Jayakumar (born 1987) – founder of The Red Elephant Foundation, rights activist, campaigner against violence against women
  • Shruti Kapoor – women's rights activist, economist, social entrepreneur
  • Sunitha Krishnan (born 1972) – Indian social activist, co-founder of Prajwala which assists trafficked women, girls and transgender people in finding shelter, education and employment
  • Subodh Markandeya – senior advocate
  • Swati Maliwal (born 1984) - Women's activist, had several demands, including the passage of an ordinance requiring the death penalty for individuals who rape children under age 12, recruiting police under United Nations standards and demanding accountability of the police
  • Manasi Pradhan (born 1962) – founder of nationwide Honour for Women National Campaign against violence to women
  • Mamatha Raghuveer Achanta (born 1967) – women's and child rights activist, chair of Child Welfare Committee, Warangal District, active in A.P. State Commission for Protection of Child Rights, founder director of Tharuni, focusing on girl-child and women empowerment

Indonesia
  • Electronita Duan – founder of Politeknik Pembangunan Halmahera
  • Raden Adjeng Kartini (1879–1904) – Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamy and lack of women's education
  • Valentina Sagala (born 1977) – women's rights activist
  • Nani Soewondo-Soerasno (born 1918) – lawyer, suffragist, and women's rights activist.

Iran
  • Mahboubeh Abbasgholizadeh (born 1958) – women's rights activist, founder of ZananTV and NGO Training Center
  • Parvin Ardalan (born 1967) – women's rights activist
  • Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi (1859–1921) – writer
  • Annie Basil (1911–1995) – Iranian-Indian activist for Armenian women
  • Sediqeh Dowlatabadi (1882–1962) – journalist and women's rights activist
  • Shirin Ebadi (born 1947) – activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for efforts for rights of women and children
  • Mohtaram Eskandari (1895–1924) – women's rights activist, founder of "Jam'iat e nesvan e vatan-khah" (Society of Patriotic Women)
  • Soheila Hejab (born 1990)
  • Sheema Kalbasi (born 1972) – writer, advocate for human rights and gender equality
  • Saba Kord Afshari
  • Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani (born 1970) – women's rights activist
  • Shadi Sadr (born 1975) – women's rights activist
  • Shahla Sherkat (born 1956) – journalist
  • Táhirih (died 1852) – Bábí poet, theologian, exponent of women's rights in 19th century
  • Roya Toloui (born 1966) – women's rights activist
  • Rayehe Mozafarian (born 1986) – women's rights activist, author, documentary filmmaker

Ireland
  • Hilary Boyle (1899–1988) – journalist, broadcaster, and activist
  • Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954): see India.
  • Anna Haslam (1829–1922) – early women's movement figure, founded the Dublin Women's Suffrage Association
  • Francis Hutcheson (1694–1746) – philosopher born to activist family of Scots Presbyterians, opponent of slavery and advocate of women's rights
  • Sarah Winstedt (1886–1972) – physician, surgeon and suffragist

Israel
  • Ketzia Alon (born 1971) – academic, social activist, Mizrahi feminist, art curator and critic; one of the founders of the Ahoti – for Women in Israel movement
  • Esther Eillam (1939–2023) – founder of the Feminist Movement organization; Mizrahi second wave and Mizrahi feminism activist
  • Carmen Elmakiyes (born 1979) – social and political activist, Mizrahi feminist; works on behalf of women in public housing
  • Marcia Freedman (1938–2021) – founder of Israel's feminist movement (1971); politician, social activist and writer
  • Anat Hoffman (born 1954) – executive director, Israel Religious Action Center; director and founding member, Women of the Wall
  • Shula Keshet (born 1959) – social and political activist and entrepreneur, Mizrahi feminist, artist, curator, writer, educator, and publisher; one of the founders and the executive director of the Ahoti – for Women in Israel
  • Vicki Knafo (born 1960) – social activist; led the 2003 single-mothers struggle against austerity decrees
  • Reut Naggar (born 1983) – producer, cultural entrepreneur and social activist, mainly focusing on LGBT and women's rights
  • Vicki Shiran (1947–2004) – one of the founders of the Mizrahi feminism movement
  • Iris Stern Levi (born 1953) – activist for rehabilitation of trafficked women

Italy
  • Alma Dolens (1869–1948) – pacifist, suffragist and journalist, founder of several women's organizations
  • Linda Malnati (1855–1921) – women's rights activist, trade unionist, suffragist, pacifist and writer
  • Anna Maria Mozzoni (1837–1920) – pioneering women's rights activist and suffragist
  • Eugenia Rasponi Murat (1873–1958) – women's rights activist and open lesbian who fought for civil protections.
  • Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti (1853–1931) – feminist, educator and philanthropist, founder of the National Council of Italian Women in 1903
  • Laura Terracina (1519–c.1577) – widely published poet, writer, protested violence against women and promoted women's writing

Japan

Jordan
  • Hadeel Abdel Aziz

Kazakhstan
  • Bakhytzhan Toregozhina (born 1962)

Kenya
  • Nice Nailantei Leng'ete (born 1991) – advocate for alternative rite of passage (ARP) for girls in Africa and campaigning to stop female genital mutilation (FGM).
  • Wangari Maathai (1940–2011) – social, environmental and political activist, the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize

Latvia

Lebanon
  • Lydia Canaan
  • Laure Moghaizel (1929–1997) – lawyer and women's rights advocate

Libya
  • Alaa Murabit (born 1989) – physician, advocate of inclusive security, peace-building and post-conflict governance

Lithuania

Luxembourg
  • Marguerite Mongenast-Servais (1885–1925)
  • Netty Probst (1903–1990)
  • Catherine Schleimer-Kill (1884–1973)
  • Marguerite Thomas-Clement (1886–1979)

Mali
  • Jacqueline Ki-Zerbo (1933–2015) – activist, nationalist and educator

Mauritania
  • Zeinebou Mint Taleb Moussa

Netherlands
  • Ayaan Hirsi Ali (born 1969) – see Stomalia.
  • Wilhelmina Drucker (1847–1925) – politician and writer
  • Mariane van Hogendorp (1834–1909)
  • Mietje Hoitsema (1847–1934)
  • Cornélie Huygens (1848–1902) – writer, social democrat and feminist
  • Aletta Jacobs (1854–1929) – physician and women's suffrage activist
  • Charlotte Jacobs
  • Jeltje Kemper
  • Selma Meyer
  • Anette Poelman
  • Cornelia Ramondt-Hirschmann

Namibia

New Zealand
  • Kate Sheppard (1848–1934) – suffragette, influential in winning voting rights for women in 1893 (first country and national election in which women have vote)

Nigeria
  • Priscilla Achapka – women and gender environmental activist
  • Osai Ojigho (born 1976) – human rights and gender equality advocate
  • Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (1900–1978) – women's rights activist

Norway
  • Marit Aarum (1903–1956), economist, politician, activist
  • Irene Bauer (1945–2016), government official, activist
  • Anna Louise Beer (1924–2010), lawyer, judge, activist
  • Margunn Bjørnholt (born 1958), sociologist, economist, gender researcher, activist
  • Randi Blehr (1851–1928), feminist, co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
  • Karin Maria Bruzelius (born 1941), Swedish-born Norwegian judge, government official, rights activist
  • Nicoline Hambro (1861–1926), politician, women's rights proponent
  • Siri Hangeland (born 1952), politician, activist
  • Aasta Hansteen (1824–1908), painter, writer, feminist
  • Sigrun Hoel (born 1951), government official, activist
  • Anniken Huitfeldt (born 1969), historian, politician, reported on women's rights
  • Grethe Irvoll(born 1939), political supporter of women's rights
  • Martha Larsen Jahn (1875–1954), peace and women's activist
  • Dakky Kiær (1892–1980), politician, civic leader, activist
  • Betzy Kjelsberg (1866–1950), right's activist, suffragist, politician
  • Eva Kolstad (1918–1999), politician, minister, proponent of gender equality
  • Gina Krog (1947–1916), proponent of women's right to education, politician, editor
  • Berit Kvæven (born 1942), politician, activist
  • Aadel Lampe (1857–1944), women's rights leader, suffragist, teacher
  • Antonie Løchen (1850–1933), local politician and women's rights activist from Trondheim
  • Mimi Sverdrup Lunden (1894–1955), educator, writer, women's rights proponent
  • Fredrikke Mørck (1861–1934), editor, teacher, activist
  • Ragna Nielsen (1845–1924), headmistress, politician, activist
  • Marit Nybakk (born 1947), politician, activist
  • Amalie Øvergaard (1874–1960), women's leader, active in housewives associations
  • Kjellaug Pettersen (1934–2012), government official, politician, gender equality proponent
  • Kjellaug Pettersen (1843–1938), politician, founder of the Norwegian Women's Public Health Association
  • Ingerid Gjøstein Resi (1901–1955), philologist, women's rights leader, politician
  • Torild Skard (born 1936), psychologist, politician, women's rights leader
  • Kari Skjønsberg (1926–2003), academic, writer, activist
  • Anna Stang (1834–1901), politician, women's rights leader
  • Sigrid Stray (1893–1978), lawyer, women's rights proponent
  • Signe Swensson (1888–1974), physician, politician, women's leader
  • Thina Thorleifsen (1855–1959), women's movement activist
  • Clara Tschudi (1856–1945), writer, biographer of women's rights activists
  • Vilhelmine Ullmann (1816–1915), pedagogue, writer, women's rights proponent
  • Grethe Værnø (born 1938), politician, writer, national and international women's rights supporter
  • Margrethe Vullum (1846–1918), Danish-born Norwegian journalist, writer, women's rights proponent
  • Fredrikke Waaler (1865–1952), musician, activist
  • Gunhild Ziener (1868–1937), pioneer in the women's movement, editor

Panama
  • Lamar Bailey Karamañites (dates unknown) – filmmaker, activist
  • Esther Neira de Calvo (1890–1978) – educator and politician
  • Tomasa Ester Casís (1878 – 1962) – teacher and suffragist
  • Georgina Jiménez de López (1904 – 1994) – sociologist, writer, feminist
  • Marta Matamoros (1909 – 2005) – trade unionist, dressmaker, political activist for gender equality
  • Gumercinda Páez (1904 –1991) – teacher, suffragist, politician
  • Sara Sotillo (1900 – 1961) – educator, trade unionist, founder of National Feminist Party of Panama

Pakistan

Peru
  • María Jesús Alvarado Rivera

Philippines

Poland

Portugal
  • Carolina Beatriz Ângelo
  • Sara Beirão
  • Cesina Bermudes
  • Adelaide Cabete
  • Ana de Castro Osório
  • Elina Guimarães
  • Lutegarda Guimarães de Caires (1873–1935) – poet and women's rights activist
  • Maria Lamas

Puerto Rico
  • Luisa Capetillo (1879–1922) – labor union suffragette jailed for wearing pants in public

Romania
  • Maria Baiulescu (1860–1941) – Austro-Hungarian born Romanian writer, suffragist and women's rights activist
  • Calypso Botez (1880–1933) – writer, suffragist and women's rights activist
  • Alexandrina Cantacuzino (1876–1944) – political activist, feminist, philanthropist and diplomat
  • Maria Cuțarida-Crătunescu (1857–1919) – first female doctor in Romania, feminist supporter, founded the Maternal Society in 1897, and in 1899 organised the first crèche in Romania
  • Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck (1879–1969) – painter and feminist
  • Eugenia de Reuss Ianculescu (1866–1938) – teacher, writer, women's rights activist, suffragist
  • Clara Maniu (1842–1929) – feminist, suffragist
  • Elena Meissner (1867–1940) – feminist, suffragist, headed Asociația de Emancipare Civilă și Politică a Femeii Române
  • Sofia Nădejde (1856–1946) – writer, women's rights activist and socialist
  • Ella Negruzzi (1876–1948) – lawyer and women's rights activist
  • Elena Pop-Hossu-Longin (1862–1940) – Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian writer, journalist, suffragist and women's rights activist
  • Ilona Stetina (1855–1932) – pioneer educator and women's rights activist
  • Izabela Sadoveanu-Evan (1870–1941) – literary critic, educationist, journalist, poet and feminist militant

Russia
  • Praskovia Arian (1864–1949) – writer and journalist
  • Maria Bezobrazova (1857–1914) – philosopher and writer
  • Maria Chekhova (1866–1934) – suffragette and socialist activist
  • Anna Filosofova (1837–1912) – early women's rights activist, member of "triumvirate"
  • Zinaida Ivanova (1865–1913) – translator and writer
  • Evgenia Konradi (1838–1898) – early women's rights activist and writer
  • Tatiana Mamonova (born 1943) – author, non-profit founder, and artist
  • Poliksena Shishkina-Iavein (1875–1947) – physician and suffragette
  • Nadezhda Stasova (1822–1895) – early women's rights activist, member of "triumvirate"
  • Maria Trubnikova (1835–1897) – early women's rights activist, member of "triumvirate"

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Nelcia Robinson-Hazell – poet, community organizer and activist

Saudi Arabia
  • Loujain al-Hathloul (born 1989) – women's rights leader, social media influencer, political prisoner

Serbia
  • Ksenija Atanasijević (1894–1981) – philosopher, suffragette, first PhD Doctor in Serbian universities
  • Helen of Anjou (1236–1314) – queen, feminist, establisher of women schools
  • Jefimija (1349–1405) – politician, poet, diplomat, feminist
  • Draga Ljočić (1855–1926) – physician, socialist, and feminist
  • Milica of Serbia (1335–1405) – empress, feminist, poet
  • Katarina Milovuk (1844–1913) – educator and women's rights activist
  • Milunka Savić (1888–1973) – first female combatant, soldier, feminist
  • Stasa Zajovic (born 1953) – co-founder and coordinator of Women in Black

Slovenia
  • Alojzija Štebi (1883–1956) – suffragist, who saw socialism as a means of equalizing society for both men and women.

Somalia
  • Ayaan Hirsi Ali (born 1969) – Somali-Dutch feminist and atheist activist, writer and politician
  • Halima Ali Adan – Somali gender rights activist and an expert on female genital mutilation (FGM).

South Africa
  • Shamima Shaikh (1960–1998) – member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, exponent of Islamic gender equality

Spain
  • Concepción Arenal (1820–1893) – feminist and activist
  • Clara Campoamor (1888–1972) – politician and feminist
  • Montserrat Cervera Rodon (born 1949) – Catalan anti-militarist, feminist, and women's health activist

Sri-Lanka
  • Rupika De Silva – women's rights activist
  • Saila Ithayaraj (born 1977) – women's rights activist, especially for widows
  • Shreen Abdul Saroor (born 1969) – women's rights activist

Sweden
  • Gertrud Adelborg (1853–1942) – teacher, leading member of the women's rights movement
  • Sophie Adlersparre (1823–1895) – publisher, women's rights activist, pioneer
  • Alma Åkermark (1853–1933) – editor, journalist, activist
  • Ellen Anckarsvärd (1833–1898) – women's rights activist, co-founded Föreningen för gift kvinnas äganderätt (Married Woman's Property Rights Association)
  • Carolina Benedicks-Bruce (1856–1935) – sculptor, rights activist
  • Ellen Bergman (1842–1921) – musician, rights activist
  • Fredrika Bremer (1801–1865) – writer, feminist activist and pioneer
  • Frigga Carlberg (1851–1925) – writer, feminist and women's suffragist
  • Maria Cederschiöld (1856–1935) – journalist and women's rights activist
  • Josefina Deland (1814–1890) – feminist, writer, teacher, founded Svenska lärarinnors pensionsförening (Society for Retired Female Teachers)
  • Lizinka Dyrssen (1866–1952) – women's rights activist
  • Agda Montelius (1850–1920) – philanthropist feminist, chairman of the Fredrika Bremer Association
  • Ebba von Eckermann (1866–1960) – women's rights activist
  • Ruth Gustafson (1881–1960) – politician, trade unionist, women's rights activist, editor
  • Anna Hierta-Retzius (1841–1924) – women's rights activist and philanthropist
  • Lilly Engström (1843–1921) – women's rights activist, government official
  • Soheila Fors (born 1967) – Iranian-Swedish women's rights activist
  • Ruth Gustafson (1881–1960) – politician, union worker and women's rights activist
  • Ellen Hagen (1873–1967) – suffragette, rights activist, politician
  • Lina Hjort (1881–1959) – schoolteacher, house builder and suffragist
  • Amanda Kerfstedt (1835–1920) – writer, active in the women's rights movement
  • Ellen Kleman (1867–1943) – writer, journal editor, women's rights activist
  • Lotten von Kræmer (1828–1912) – writer, poet, philanthropist, founder of literary society Samfundet De Nio
  • Elisabeth Krey-Lange (1878–1965) – women's rights activist and journalist
  • Lisbeth Larsson (1949–2021) – literary historian focusing on gender studies
  • Rosa Malmström (1906–1995), librarian and feminist
  • Sara Mohammad (born 1967) – Iraqi Kurdish-born Swedish human rights activist campaigning against honour killing
  • Agda Montelius (1850–1920) – philanthropist, suffrage activist
  • Rosalie Olivecrona (1823–1898) – pioneer of the women's rights movement
  • Ellen Palmstierna (1869–1941) – women's rights and peace activist
  • Gulli Petrini (1867–1941) – suffragette, women's rights activist, politician
  • Anna Pettersson (1886–1929) – lawyer and pioneer in legal advice to women
  • Eva Pineus (1905–1985) – librarian, politician and activist
  • Emilie Rathou (1862–1948) – journalist, editor, activist
  • Hilda Sachs (1857–1935) – journalist, writer and feminist
  • Sophie Sager, (1825–1902) – women's rights activist and writer
  • Anna Sandström (1854–1931) – educational reformer
  • Ida Schmidt (1857–1932) – women's rights activist, educator, politician
  • Alexandra Skoglund (1862–1938) – suffragette, activist, politician
  • Frida Stéenhoff (1865–1945) – writer, women's rights activist
  • Elisabeth Tamm (1880–1958) – politician, women's rights activist
  • Kajsa Wahlberg – Sweden's national rapporteur on human trafficking opposition activities
  • Anna Whitlock (1852–1930) – school pioneer, journalist and feminist

Switzerland
  • Marianne Ehrmann (1755–1795) – among first women novelists and publicists in German-speaking countries
  • Margarethe Faas-Hardegger (1882–1963) – Swiss women's rights activist and trade unionist
  • Marie Goegg-Pouchoulin (1826–1899) – founder of the Swiss women's movement

Tunisia
  • Néziha Zarrouk (born 1946) – minister who contributed to improvements in women's rights and women's health

Turkey
  • Nezihe Muhiddin – feminist, founded a women's party
  • Sebahat Tuncel – women's rights activist, former nurse and member of Parliament in Turkey

Uganda
  • Jane Frances Kuka – Ugandan legislator, Member of Parliament and anti-FGM activist

United Kingdom
  • Lesley Abdela (born 1945) – women's rights campaigner, gender consultant, journalist who has worked for women's representation in over 40 countries including post-conflict countries: Kosovo, Sierra Leone, Iraq, Afghanistan, Nepal, and Aceh. In 1980 she founded the all-Party 300 Group to campaign to get more women into local, national, and European politics in the UK. Author of hundreds of features in The Guardian, The New York Times, The Independent, and major women's magazines and the paperback Women with X Appeal: Women Politicians in Britain Today (London: Macdonald Optima 1989).
  • Jane Austen (1775–1817) – writer and feminist, focusing on women's rights and marriage complications through 6 novels
  • Clementina Black (1853–1922) – writer prominent in the Women's Trade Union League and the forerunner of the Women's Industrial Council
  • Helen Blackburn (1842–1903) – suffragist and campaigner for women's employment rights
  • Barbara Bodichon (1827–1891) – active in the Langham Place Circle, promoter of first journal to press for women's rights, the English Woman's Journal (1858–64)
  • Jessie Boucherett (1825–1905) – co-founder of Society for Promoting the Employment of Women in 1859, editor of Englishwoman's Review (1866–70), co-founder of Women's Employment Defence League in 1891
  • Myra Sadd Brown (1872–1938) – suffragette, activist for women's rights and internationalist
  • Constance Bryer (1870–1952) – suffragette who went on hunger strike and was forcibly-fed
  • Ida Craft (fl. 1910s) – suffragist, among main organizers of Suffrage Hikes
  • Laura Ormiston Chant (1848–1923) – social reformer, women's rights activist, writer, and member of the International Council of Women (1888)
  • Adeline Chapman (1847–1931) – English suffragette and president of the New Constitutional Society for Women's Suffrage (a middle ground between the militant suffragists and the NUWSS)
  • Emily Davison (1872–1913) – English suffragette
  • June Eric-Udorie (born 1998) – anti-FGM campaigner
  • Kate Williams Evans (1866–1961) – suffragette and activist for women's rights
  • Millicent Fawcett (1847–1929) – suffragist and feminist, president of National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
  • Mary Fildes (1789–1876) – political activist and founder of Manchester Female Reform Society
  • Edith Margaret Garrud (1872–1971) – trained "Bodyguard" unit of Women's Social and Political Union in jujutsu techniques
  • Katharine Gatty (1870–1952) – journalist, lecturer, militant suffragette
  • Cicely Hamilton (1872–1952) – English actress, writer, journalist, suffragist, feminist
  • Diana Reader Harris (1912–1996) – educator and advocate of female ordination in the Church of England
  • Matilda Hays (1820–1897) – co-founder of first journal to press for women's rights, the English Woman's Journal (1858–64)
  • Margaret Hills (1892–1967) – organiser of the Election Fighting Fund
  • Anna Mary Howitt (1824–1884) – feminist prominent in the campaign that led to the Married Women's Property Act 1870
  • Leyla Hussein – Somali-born British psychotherapist and social activist, co-founder of the Daughters of Eve

United States

Uruguay
  • María Abella de Ramírez (1863–1926) – feminist noted for her role in establishing Uruguayan and Argentine women's groups in the early 1900s

Venezuela
  • Sheyene Gerardi – human rights advocate, peace activist, founder of the SPACE movement

Yemen
  • Muna Luqman – activist, peace builder, founder of the organization Food4Humanity and co-founder of Women in Solidarity Network

Zambia
  • Lily Monze (born 1936) – teacher, politician and women's rights activist

Zimbabwe
  • Nyaradzo Mashayamombe (born 1980) – women's and human rights advocate, founder of Tag A Life International Trust (TaLI)
  • Talent Jumo (born 1980/1981) – teacher, co-founder and director of the Katswe Sistahood

See also

References
  1. Richard J. Evans: The feminist movement in Germany. London, Beverly Hills 1976 (SAGE Studies in 20th Century History, Vol. 6). ISBN 0-8039-9951-8, S. 120
  2. Prah, Mansah (2002). "Jiagge, Annie (1918–1996)". In Commire, Anne (ed.). Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications. ISBN 0-7876-4074-3. Archived from the original on 2016-04-09.
  3. Parker, Jacqueline (1974). Helen Valeska Bary: Labor Administration and Social Security: A Woman's Life. Berkeley CA: University of California.
  4. Santiago-Valles, Kelvin A. (1994). Subject People and Colonial Discourses: Economic Transformation and Social Disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898–1947. SUNY Press. pp. 58, 161. ISBN 9781438418650. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  5. "Fox, Muriel, 1928- . Papers of NOW officer Muriel Fox, 1966–1971: A Finding Aid". Oasis.lib.harvard.edu. 1928-02-03. Archived from the original on 2018-07-03. Retrieved 2018-02-21.
  6. , additional text.
  7. Daggett, Windsor. A Down-East Yankee From the District of Maine. A.J. Huston, 1920, p. 30.
  8. "Western Women's Suffrage Newspapers". Accessible Archives Inc. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  9. Lane, Temryss MacLean (January 15, 2018). "The frontline of refusal: indigenous women warriors of standing rock". International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education. 31 (3). Routledge: 209. doi:10.1080/09518398.2017.1401151. eISSN 1366-5898. ISSN 0951-8398. S2CID 149347362. Her courage in sharing her personal story of sexual violence with congress was vital in the passing of the 2013 Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). [...] Her dignified poise and presence was pivotal and necessary to pass the tribal provisions that protect Native women and their communities in the VAWA.
  10. Nichols, John (May 24, 2016). "The Democratic Platform Committee Now Has a Progressive Majority. Thanks, Bernie Sanders". Democrats. The Nation. Katrina vanden Heuvel. ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on June 3, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018. The Sanders selections are all noted progressives: [...] Native American activist and former Tulalip Tribes Vice Chair Deborah Parker (a key advocate for reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act) [...].
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