-len

See also: Appendix:Variations of "len"

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a compound suffix from el (“past, over”) +‎ -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [lɛn]
  • Rhymes: -ɛn

Suffix

-len

  1. (adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary).
    ‎pedig + ‎-len → ‎pediglen
    ‎eddig + ‎-len → ‎eddiglen

Usage notes
  • (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -lan is added to back-vowel words
    -len is added to front-vowel words

Derived terms
Hungarian adverbs suffixed with -len

References
  1. -lan in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (’A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

Middle English

Suffix

-len

  1. Alternative form of -elen

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?]. Analyzable as -le (“noun-to-verb maker”) + -n (“reflexive mood”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /læn/

Suffix
preceding vowel
A / I / O / U E / İ / Ö / Ü
-lan -len

-len

  1. Forms passive verb stems from nouns.
    ‎sinir (“anger”) + ‎-len → ‎sinirlenmek (“to get angry”)
    ‎endişe (“anxiety”) + ‎-len → ‎endişelenmek (“to get anxious”)

Derived terms
Turkish terms suffixed with -len
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