itse
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *icek, *iccek, from Proto-Uralic *iće ~ *iśe. Cognate to Estonian ise, Erzya эсь (eś, “own, oneself”) and -сь (-ś) in монсь (monś, “I myself”). Originally, itse meant "the conscious mind" (as a part of the soul).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈitse(ˣ)/, [ˈits̠e̞(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -itse
- Syllabification(key): it‧se
Pronoun
itse
- oneself (used to emphasize the person of the head word)
- Sinun täytyy tehdä se itse.
- You must do it yourself.
- Itse pomo tuli paikalle.
- The boss himself/herself came there.
Inflection
Not inflected, but see itsensä.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- adjectives: itseinen, itsekäs, itsenäinen, itsepäinen
- adverbs: itse asiassa, itsekseen, itsellään, itsessään, itsestään
- nouns: itsellinen, itseys, itsensä kehittäminen
- phrases: itse teossa
- prefixes: itse-
- pronouns: itsensä
Compounds
See compounds section under itse-.
Declension
| Inflection of itse (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | itse | — | ||
| genitive | itsen | — | ||
| partitive | itseä | — | ||
| illative | itseen | — | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | itse | — | ||
| accusative | nom. | itse | — | |
| gen. | itsen | |||
| genitive | itsen | — | ||
| partitive | itseä | — | ||
| inessive | itsessä | — | ||
| elative | itsestä | — | ||
| illative | itseen | — | ||
| adessive | itsellä | — | ||
| ablative | itseltä | — | ||
| allative | itselle | — | ||
| essive | itsenä | — | ||
| translative | itseksi | — | ||
| instructive | — | — | ||
| abessive | itsettä | — | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of itse (type nalle) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading
- "itse" in Kielitoimiston sanakirja (Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish).
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *icek, from Proto-Uralic *iće. Cognates include Finnish itse and Estonian ise.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈit͡se/, [ˈit͡s̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈit͡se/, [ˈit͡se̞]
- Rhymes: -it͡s, -it͡se
- Hyphenation: it‧se
Pronoun
itse
- oneself
- 1936, L. G. Terehova; V. G. Erdeli, Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, transl., Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
- Ken arvajaa matkapoolen itsest - „oikiaa“, „kurraa“, „ettee“, „takkaa“, - se kiiree öksyy veerahas paikaas.
- Whoever determines the direction of a journey from oneself - „to the right“, „to the left“, „forward“, „backward“, - that [person] will quickly get lost in an unfamiliar location.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
- Mama miun saattoi itsen eest lehmiä lypsemää.
- Mummy sent me on behalf of herself to milk the cows.
-
Declension
| Declension of itse | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | ||
| nominative | itse | |
| genitive | itsen | |
| partitive | itsiä | |
| illative | itsehe | |
| inessive | itsees | |
| elative | itsest | |
| allative | itselle | |
| adessive | itseel | |
| ablative | itselt | |
| translative | itseks | |
| essive | itsennä | |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) | ||
| Possessive forms of itse | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | itseen | itsemme |
| 2nd person | itsees | itsenne |
| 3rd person | itseehe1) | itsesse |
| *) Possessive reflexives are obsolete in modern Ingrian. 1) Scarcely attested. Possibly originally an illative functioning as a nominative. | ||
References
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 101
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 97
- Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку, →ISBN, page 39
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