kovati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kovati, analogical form of *kuti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kǒʋati/
  • Hyphenation: ko‧va‧ti

Verb

kòvati impf (Cyrillic spelling ко̀вати)

  1. (transitive) to forge
  2. (transitive) to mint, coin
  3. (transitive) to plot, hatch

Conjugation
Conjugation of kovati
Infinitive: kovati Present verbal adverb: kȕjūći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: kòvānje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present kujem kuješ kuje kujemo kujete kuju
Future Future I kovat ću1
kovaću		 kovat ćeš1
kovaćeš		 kovat će1
kovaće		 kovat ćemo1
kovaćemo		 kovat ćete1
kovaćete		 kovat će1
kovaće
Future II bȕdēm kovao2 bȕdēš kovao2 bȕdē kovao2 bȕdēmo kovali2 bȕdēte kovali2 bȕdū kovali2
Past Perfect kovao sam2 kovao si2 kovao je2 kovali smo2 kovali ste2 kovali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam kovao2 bȉo si kovao2 bȉo je kovao2 bíli smo kovali2 bíli ste kovali2 bíli su kovali2
Imperfect kovah kovaše kovaše kovasmo kovaste kovahu
Conditional I kovao bih2 kovao bi2 kovao bi2 kovali bismo2 kovali biste2 kovali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih kovao2 bȉo bi kovao2 bȉo bi kovao2 bíli bismo kovali2 bíli biste kovali2 bíli bi kovali2
Imperative — kuj — kujmo kujte —
Active past participle kovao m / kovala f / kovalo n kovali m / kovale f / kovala n
Passive past participle kovan m / kovana f / kovano n kovani m / kovane f / kovana n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse in many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms
  • iskòvati
  • nakòvati
  • okòvati
  • otkòvati
  • potkòvati
  • prekòvati
  • prikòvati
  • raskòvati
  • skòvati
  • ukòvati
  • zakòvati

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kovati, analogical form of *kuti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kɔʋàːti/

Verb

kováti impf

  1. to forge

Inflection
-ovati -ujem (AP c)
infinitive kováti
1st singular kújem
infinitive kováti kovȁt
supine kovȃt
verbal noun kovȃnje
participle converb
present kujọ̄č kovȃje
past kován —
l-participle masculine feminine neuter
singular kovȃł kovála kovȃlo
dual kovȃla kovȃli kovȃli
plural kovȃli kovȃle kovȃla
present imperative
1st singular kújem —
2nd singular kúješ kūj
3rd singular kúje —
1st dual kújeva kȗjva
2nd dual kújeta kȗjta
3rd dual kújeta —
1st plural kújemo kȗjmo
2nd plural kújete kȗjte
3rd plural kújejo —

Derived terms

Further reading
  • “kovati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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