tm

See also: TM, Tm, .tm, t/m, and ™

Chinese

Pronunciation

Phrase

tm

  1. Initialism of 他媽／他妈 (tāmā).

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare with Hebrew תַּם‎ (tam, “to be complete, finished”), Arabic تمام‎ (tamām, “complete; completeness”).

Pronunciation

For the proper noun:

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /jaˈtaːmuw/ → /jaˈtaːmuw/ → /ʔaˈtaːməʔ/ → /ʔaˈtoːm/

Verb
t
tm		 m

 2-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be complete
  2. (transitive) to complete, to finish
  3. (catenative, with a verb in the negatival complement) to not do, to not be

Inflection
Conjugation of tm (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: tm, geminated stem: tmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
tm
 tmw, tm
 tmt
 tm, j.tm
 tm, j.tm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
tm
 ḥr tm
 m tm
 r tm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect tm.n
 tmw, tm
 consecutive tm.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative tmt
perfective3 tm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 tm.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective tm, j.tm1
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 tm
 tmm
 potentialis1 tm.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive tm, j.tm1
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect tm.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective tm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 tm
 tmm, tmmj6, tm2, tmw2 5, tmy2 5
imperfective j.tm1, tm, tmy, tmw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 j.tm1, j.tmw1 5, tm, tmj6, tmy6
 tm, tmw5
prospective tm, tmtj7
 — tmtj4, tmt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tm  
t
tm
t
tm
D35		 m
tmm
tm tm tm
in the sense ‘not be, not do’

Derived terms

Noun
t
tm		 m

 m

  1. everything, totality, completion

Inflection
Declension of tm (masculine)
singular tm
dual tmwj
plural tmw

Derived terms

Proper noun
t
tm

 m

  1. the god Atum

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tm  
t
tm		 mA40
it
D38		 A40
t
tm
im		 wA40
it
Aa56
nTr
tm jtm tmw jtm
[Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [New Kingdom] [Late Period]

Based on the forms jtm and tmw, some authors interpret the god’s name as jtmw, a noun of action derived from the verb tm (“to finish, complete”), thus literally meaning ‘the finisher’; however, the most common writings of the name only explicitly show the consonants tm.

Derived terms
  • pr-tm

References
  1. Schenkel, Wolfgang (2005) “Die ägyptische Nominalbildungslehre und die Realität der hieroglyphischen Graphien der Sargtexte: Die Nominalbildungsklassen A I 5 und A I 6” in Lingua Aegyptia, volume 13, page 147

Turkish

Phrase

tm

  1. (text messaging) Initialism of tamam (“okay”).
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