uma

See also: UMA, UMa, Uma, and -uma

Afar

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /uˈma/, [ʔʊˈmʌ]

Hyphenation: u‧ma

Verb

umá

(stative) to be bad

Conjugation

Conjugation of uma (type III verb)
		1st singular	2nd singular	3rd singular		1st plural	2nd plural	3rd plural
		1st singular	2nd singular	m	f	1st plural	2nd plural	3rd plural
present indicative I	V-affirmative	umiyóh	umitóh	umáh	umáh	uminóh	umitoonúh	umoonúh
	N-affirmative	umiyó	umitó	umá	umá	uminó	umitón	umón
	negative	múmiyo	múmito	múma	múma	múmino	múmiton	múmon
present indicative II		affirmative present indicative I + imperfective of én
past indicative I		úmuk + perfective of én
past indicative II		úmuk + perfective of *sugé*
present potential	affirmative	umiyóm takkéh	umitóm takkéh	umám takkéh	umám takkéh	uminóm takkéh	umitoonúm takkéh	umoonúm takkéh
past conditional	affirmative	úmuk + past conditional of *sugé*
		-h converb	-k converb	-in(n)uh converb	infinitive
		úmih	úmuk	umínnuh	umíyya

Antonyms

meqé (“be good”)

References

E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “uma”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Aklanon

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

farm

Aymara

Noun

uma

water

Verb

uma

to drink
umtwa ― I drink

References

David Forbes, On the Aymara Indians of Bolivia and Peru (1870)
Dennis William Stuart Selder, Toward a Sound Methodology for Comparative Rhetoric (2007)

Balinese

Romanization

uma

Romanization of ᬳᬸᬫ (“sawah”)
Romanization of ᬉᬫ (“the eight day in astawara”)

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔuˈma/, [ʔuˈma]
Hyphenation: u‧ma

Noun

umá (Basahan spelling ᜂᜋ)

farm; field

Derived terms

kaumahan
mag-uma
pag-uma
parauma
umahon

Drehu

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ʀumaq.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /umɑ/

Noun

uma

house

References

Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Fijian

Noun

uma

trunk (of a tree)
lead (metal)

Garifuna

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈuma/

Postposition

uma

with
Nabinaha tuma María. ― I'm going to dance with Mary.

Conjunction

uma

and
Baruru tuma faluma ― Platains and coconuts

Inflection

Postposition uma

	singular		plural
first	numa		wuma
second	buma		huma
third	masculine	feminine	huma
third	luma	tuma	huma

Hiri Motu

Noun

uma

garden

Iraqw

Noun

uma m (plural um'ee)

name

Japanese

Romanization

uma

Rōmaji transcription of うま
Rōmaji transcription of ウマ

Karaim

Etymology

From Mongolic (Mongolian овог (ovog, “clan”), Yakut омук (omuk)); compare Southern Altai омок (omok, “people, nation”), Chagatai [script needed] (omak, “family”).

Noun

uma

people

References

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 361

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /uma/

Verb

uma (infinitive kuuma)

to go out, come out
Antonym: gũtonya

Derived terms

(Proverbs)

mũrimũ ndũrĩ hinya ũgĩtonya mwĩrĩ ta ũkiuma
ngemi ciumaga na mũciĩ
ngemi ciumaga ndĩrĩ-inĩ
nyũmba na riika itiumagwo
wega uumaga na mũciĩ

Related terms

(Verbs)

kuumagara

References

Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

Malay

Noun

uma

(Sanggau) mother

Masbatenyo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

farm

Derived terms

parauma

Portuguese

Alternative forms

hua, hũa, huma, ũa (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũa, from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): (numeral) /ˈũ.mɐ/, (article) /u.mɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (numeral) /ˈu.ma/, (article) /u.ma/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): (numeral) /ˈu.mɐ/, (article) /u.mɐ/

Hyphenation: u‧ma

Numeral

uma

feminine of um
- 2000, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Câmara Secreta [Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets] (Harry Potter; 2), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 217:
  Quando tiver uma dúvida, vá à biblioteca.
  When you are in doubt, go to the library.
- 2001, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 555:
  Harry passou por uma provação terrível esta noite.
  Harry underwent a terrible ordeal tonight.
- 2007, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 274:
  A varinha soltou uma faisquinha e se apagou.
  The wand let out a little spark and extinguished itself.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

Article

uma

feminine singular of um
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:
  Ele agora tem uma casa nas montanhas, foi Dumbledore que arranjou, uma bela caverna.
  He now has a home in the mountains, Dumbledore is who provided it, a beautiful cave.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

Derived terms

dar uma de
umas e outras

Pronoun

uma

feminine of um

Quechua

Adjective

uma

elevated

Noun

uma

Declension

declension of uma

	singular	plural
nominative	uma	umakuna
accusative	umata	umakunata
dative	umaman	umakunaman
genitive	umap	umakunap
locative	umapi	umakunapi
terminative	umakama	umakunakama
ablative	umamanta	umakunamanta
instrumental	umawan	umakunawan
comitative	umantin	umakunantin
abessive	umannaq	umakunannaq
comparative	umahina	umakunahina
causative	umarayku	umakunarayku
benefactive	umapaq	umakunapaq
associative	umapura	umakunapura
distributive	umanka	umakunanka
exclusive	umalla	umakunalla

possessive forms of uma

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	umay	umaykuna
accusative	umayta	umaykunata
dative	umayman	umaykunaman
genitive	umaypa	umaykunap
locative	umaypi	umaykunapi
terminative	umaykama	umaykunakama
ablative	umaymanta	umaykunamanta
instrumental	umaywan	umaykunawan
comitative	umaynintin	umaykunantin
abessive	umayninnaq	umaykunannaq
comparative	umayhina	umaykunahina
causative	umayrayku	umaykunarayku
benefactive	umaypaq	umaykunapaq
associative	umaypura	umaykunapura
distributive	umayninka	umaykunanka
exclusive	umaylla	umaykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	umayki	umaykikuna
accusative	umaykita	umaykikunata
dative	umaykiman	umaykikunaman
genitive	umaykipa	umaykikunap
locative	umaykipi	umaykikunapi
terminative	umaykikama	umaykikunakama
ablative	umaykimanta	umaykikunamanta
instrumental	umaykiwan	umaykikunawan
comitative	umaykintin	umaykikunantin
abessive	umaykinnaq	umaykikunannaq
comparative	umaykihina	umaykikunahina
causative	umaykirayku	umaykikunarayku
benefactive	umaykipaq	umaykikunapaq
associative	umaykipura	umaykikunapura
distributive	umaykinka	umaykikunanka
exclusive	umaykilla	umaykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	uman	umankuna
accusative	umanta	umankunata
dative	umanman	umankunaman
genitive	umanpa	umankunap
locative	umanpi	umankunapi
terminative	umankama	umankunakama
ablative	umanmanta	umankunamanta
instrumental	umanwan	umankunawan
comitative	umanintin	umankunantin
abessive	umanninnaq	umankunannaq
comparative	umanhina	umankunahina
causative	umanrayku	umankunarayku
benefactive	umanpaq	umankunapaq
associative	umanpura	umankunapura
distributive	umaninka	umankunanka
exclusive	umanlla	umankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	umanchik	umanchikkuna
accusative	umanchikta	umanchikkunata
dative	umanchikman	umanchikkunaman
genitive	umanchikpa	umanchikkunap
locative	umanchikpi	umanchikkunapi
terminative	umanchikkama	umanchikkunakama
ablative	umanchikmanta	umanchikkunamanta
instrumental	umanchikwan	umanchikkunawan
comitative	umanchiknintin	umanchikkunantin
abessive	umanchikninnaq	umanchikkunannaq
comparative	umanchikhina	umanchikkunahina
causative	umanchikrayku	umanchikkunarayku
benefactive	umanchikpaq	umanchikkunapaq
associative	umanchikpura	umanchikkunapura
distributive	umanchikninka	umanchikkunanka
exclusive	umanchiklla	umanchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	umayku	umaykukuna
accusative	umaykuta	umaykukunata
dative	umaykuman	umaykukunaman
genitive	umaykupa	umaykukunap
locative	umaykupi	umaykukunapi
terminative	umaykukama	umaykukunakama
ablative	umaykumanta	umaykukunamanta
instrumental	umaykuwan	umaykukunawan
comitative	umaykuntin	umaykukunantin
abessive	umaykunnaq	umaykukunannaq
comparative	umaykuhina	umaykukunahina
causative	umaykurayku	umaykukunarayku
benefactive	umaykupaq	umaykukunapaq
associative	umaykupura	umaykukunapura
distributive	umaykunka	umaykukunanka
exclusive	umaykulla	umaykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	umaykichik	umaykichikkuna
accusative	umaykichikta	umaykichikkunata
dative	umaykichikman	umaykichikkunaman
genitive	umaykichikpa	umaykichikkunap
locative	umaykichikpi	umaykichikkunapi
terminative	umaykichikkama	umaykichikkunakama
ablative	umaykichikmanta	umaykichikkunamanta
instrumental	umaykichikwan	umaykichikkunawan
comitative	umaykichiknintin	umaykichikkunantin
abessive	umaykichikninnaq	umaykichikkunannaq
comparative	umaykichikhina	umaykichikkunahina
causative	umaykichikrayku	umaykichikkunarayku
benefactive	umaykichikpaq	umaykichikkunapaq
associative	umaykichikpura	umaykichikkunapura
distributive	umaykichikninka	umaykichikkunanka
exclusive	umaykichiklla	umaykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	umanku	umankukuna
accusative	umankuta	umankukunata
dative	umankuman	umankukunaman
genitive	umankupa	umankukunap
locative	umankupi	umankukunapi
terminative	umankukama	umankukunakama
ablative	umankumanta	umankukunamanta
instrumental	umankuwan	umankukunawan
comitative	umankuntin	umankukunantin
abessive	umankunnaq	umankukunannaq
comparative	umankuhina	umankukunahina
causative	umankurayku	umankukunarayku
benefactive	umankupaq	umankukunapaq
associative	umankupura	umankukunapura
distributive	umankunka	umankukunanka
exclusive	umankulla	umankukunalla

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

oema (superseded)

Etymology

From English woman. Compare Antigua and Barbuda Creole English uman, Aukan uman and Krio uman.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈu.ma/

Noun

uma

woman

Swahili

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya) (file)

Etymology 1

From Kikuyu uma.

Noun

uma (u class, plural nyuma)

fork

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-uma (infinitive kuuma)

to bite (to cut off a piece by clamping the teeth)
to ache or hurt

Conjugation

Conjugation of -uma

Positive present	-nauma
Subjunctive	-ume
Negative	-umi
Imperative singular	uma

Infinitives

Positive	kuuma
Negative	kutouma

Imperatives

Singular	uma
Plural	umeni

Tensed forms

Habitual	huuma
Positive past	positive subject concord + -liuma
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kuuma

Positive present (positive subject concord + -nauma)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninauma/nauma	tunauma
2nd person		unauma	mnauma
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anauma	wanauma
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -nauma

Negative present (negative subject concord + -umi)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		siumi	hatuumi
2nd person		huumi	hamuumi
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	haumi	hawaumi
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -umi

Positive future	positive subject concord + -tauma
Negative future	negative subject concord + -tauma

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ume)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		niume	tuume
2nd person		uume	muume
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	aume	waume
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -ume

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -siume
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngeuma
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singeuma
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngaliuma
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singaliuma

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -auma)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nauma	twauma
2nd person		wauma	mwauma
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	auma	wauma
	m-mi_(III/IV)	wauma	yauma
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	lauma	yauma
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chauma	vyauma
	n_(IX/X)	yauma	zauma
	u_(XI)	wauma	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwauma
	pa_(XVI)	pauma
	mu_(XVIII)	mwauma

Perfect	positive subject concord + -meuma
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshauma
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jauma
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kiuma
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipouma
Consecutive	kauma / positive subject concord + -kauma
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kaume

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-niuma	-tuuma
2nd person		-kuuma	-wauma/-kuumeni/-waumeni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-muuma	-wauma
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-uuma	-iuma
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-liuma	-yauma
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kiuma	-viuma
	n_(IX/X)	-iuma	-ziuma
	u_(XI)	-uuma	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kuuma
	pa_(XVI)	-pauma
	mu_(XVIII)	-muuma
Reflexive		-jiuma

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -uma- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-umaye	-umao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-umao	-umayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-umalo	-umayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-umacho	-umavyo
n_(IX/X)	-umayo	-umazo
u_(XI)	-umao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-umako
pa_(XVI)	-umapo
mu_(XVIII)	-umamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -uma)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yeuma	-ouma
m-mi_(III/IV)	-ouma	-youma
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-louma	-youma
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-chouma	-vyouma
n_(IX/X)	-youma	-zouma
u_(XI)	-ouma	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-kouma
pa_(XVI)	-pouma
mu_(XVIII)	-mouma

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Causative: -umiza
- Passive: -umwa (“to be in pain, to ache”)
- Reciprocal: -umana
- Stative: -umika

Swazi

Conjunction

úma

when
if

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: u‧ma

IPA^(key): /ˈʔuma/, [ˈʔu.mɐ]

Noun

uma (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

encasement end-to-end
Synonym: pagkakauma

Derived terms

pagkakauma

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: u‧ma

IPA^(key): /ˈʔumaʔ/, [ˈʔu.mɐʔ]

Noun

umà (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

kiss on the mouth
Synonyms: beso, halik, umaum

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: u‧ma

IPA^(key): /ʔuˈma/, [ʔʊˈma]

Noun

umá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

surfeit of sleep or monotony
Synonyms: pagkauma, sawa, suya

Derived terms

pagkauma

Tarifit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

uma m (Tifinagh spelling ⵓⵎⴰ, plural aytma, feminine utšma)

brother
compatriot
bro, a male comrade or friend
the same, lookalike

Related terms

utšma (“sister”)
awmaten (“brothers”)
tawmat (“brotherhood”)

Tausug

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

uma

farm

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq. Compare Nias omo and Malay rumah.

Noun

uma

house (adobe)

Derived terms

uma-moras

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

farm

Western Bukidnon Manobo

Etymology

Akin to Maranao oma.

Verb

uma

to arrive

Yakan

Verb

uma

to bark (of dogs)

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /úːma/

Conjunction

úma

if
when

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “uma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “uma (3.9)”

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Portuguese articles (edit)
	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Definite articles (the)	o	a	os	as
Indefinite articles (a, an; some)	um	uma	uns	umas