ustel
Basque
Etymology
Unknown. The Lapurdian dialect has the forms bustel, pustel and phustel. Zuberoan has üstel with unexpected fronting of u before s. This word may be a loan from an unknown language, though dropping b before u occurs sporadically in native words as well.
Adjective
ustel (comparative ustelago, superlative ustelen, excessive ustelegi)
Declension
Declension of ustel (adjective, ending in consonant)
| indefinite | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| absolutive | ustel | ustela | ustelak | |
| ergative | ustelek | ustelak | ustelek | |
| dative | usteli | ustelari | ustelei | |
| genitive | ustelen | ustelaren | ustelen | |
| comitative | ustelekin | ustelarekin | ustelekin | |
| causative | ustelengatik | ustelarengatik | ustelengatik | |
| benefactive | ustelentzat | ustelarentzat | ustelentzat | |
| instrumental | ustelez | ustelaz | ustelez | |
| inessive | anim. | ustelengan | ustelarengan | ustelengan |
| inanim. | usteletan | ustelean | usteletan | |
| locative | anim. | — | — | — |
| inanim. | usteletako | usteleko | usteletako | |
| allative | anim. | ustelengana | ustelarengana | ustelengana |
| inanim. | usteletara | ustelera | usteletara | |
| terminative | anim. | ustelenganaino | ustelarenganaino | ustelenganaino |
| inanim. | usteletaraino | usteleraino | usteletaraino | |
| directive | anim. | ustelenganantz | ustelarenganantz | ustelenganantz |
| inanim. | usteletarantz | ustelerantz | usteletarantz | |
| destinative | anim. | ustelenganako | ustelarenganako | ustelenganako |
| inanim. | usteletarako | ustelerako | usteletarako | |
| ablative | anim. | ustelengandik | ustelarengandik | ustelengandik |
| inanim. | usteletatik | usteletik | usteletatik | |
| partitive | ustelik | — | — | |
| prolative | usteltzat | — | — | |
Noun
ustel inan or anim
Declension
Declension of ustel (animate and inanimate, ending in consonant)
| indefinite | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| absolutive | ustel | ustela | ustelak | |
| ergative | ustelek | ustelak | ustelek | |
| dative | usteli | ustelari | ustelei | |
| genitive | ustelen | ustelaren | ustelen | |
| comitative | ustelekin | ustelarekin | ustelekin | |
| causative | ustelengatik | ustelarengatik | ustelengatik | |
| benefactive | ustelentzat | ustelarentzat | ustelentzat | |
| instrumental | ustelez | ustelaz | ustelez | |
| inessive | anim. | ustelengan | ustelarengan | ustelengan |
| inanim. | usteletan | ustelean | usteletan | |
| locative | anim. | — | — | — |
| inanim. | usteletako | usteleko | usteletako | |
| allative | anim. | ustelengana | ustelarengana | ustelengana |
| inanim. | usteletara | ustelera | usteletara | |
| terminative | anim. | ustelenganaino | ustelarenganaino | ustelenganaino |
| inanim. | usteletaraino | usteleraino | usteletaraino | |
| directive | anim. | ustelenganantz | ustelarenganantz | ustelenganantz |
| inanim. | usteletarantz | ustelerantz | usteletarantz | |
| destinative | anim. | ustelenganako | ustelarenganako | ustelenganako |
| inanim. | usteletarako | ustelerako | usteletarako | |
| ablative | anim. | ustelengandik | ustelarengandik | ustelengandik |
| inanim. | usteletatik | usteletik | usteletatik | |
| partitive | ustelik | — | — | |
| prolative | usteltzat | — | — | |
Derived terms
References
- “ustel” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
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