2023 Los Angeles FC season

The 2023 Los Angeles FC season will be the club's sixth season in Major League Soccer, the top tier of the American soccer pyramid. LAFC plays its home matches at BMO Stadium in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. The venue was renamed prior to the start of the season.[1]

LAFC
2023 season
General managerJohn Thorrington
Head coachSteve Cherundolo
StadiumBMO Stadium
MLSConference: 3rd
Overall: 6th
U.S. Open CupRound of 16
CONCACAF Champions LeagueFinal
Leagues CupRound of 32
Biggest winLAFC 4–0 NE
(3/12)

Squad

First-team roster
As of May 17, 2023[2]
    No. Name Nationality Pos Date of birth (Age) Apps Goals
    1Eldin Jakupović SwitzerlandGK (1984-10-02) October 2, 198420
    16Maxime Crépeau CanadaGK (1994-05-11) May 11, 199400
    32Abraham Romero MexicoGK (1998-02-18) February 18, 199800
    77John McCarthy United StatesGK (1992-07-04) July 4, 199290
    2Denil Maldonado HondurasDF (1998-05-26) May 26, 199860
    3Jesús Murillo ColombiaDF (1994-02-18) February 18, 199470
    5Mamadou Fall SenegalDF (2002-11-21) November 21, 200200
    12Diego Palacios (INTL) EcuadorDF (1999-07-12) July 12, 1999100
    14Giorgio Chiellini (INTL) ItalyDF (1984-08-14) August 14, 198451
    15Mohamed Traore SenegalDF (2002-08-15) August 15, 200200
    18Erik Dueñas (HG) United StatesDF (2004-10-18) October 18, 200450
    24Ryan Hollingshead United StatesDF (1991-04-16) April 16, 1991101
    28Tony Leone (HG) United StatesDF (2004-04-28) April 28, 200400
    30Sergi Palencia SpainDF (1996-03-23) March 23, 199690
    33Aaron Long United StatesDF (1992-10-12) October 12, 199290
    80Julian Gaines United StatesDF (2002-11-05) November 5, 200200
    6Ilie Sánchez SpainMF (1990-11-21) November 21, 1990110
    8Francisco Ginella (INTL) UruguayMF (1999-01-21) January 21, 199900
    11Timothy Tillman GermanyMF (1999-01-04) January 4, 199992
    17Daniel Crisostomo United StatesMF (1997-01-16) January 16, 199700
    19Mateusz Bogusz PolandMF (2001-08-22) August 22, 200151
    20José Cifuentes (INTL) EcuadorMF (1999-03-12) March 12, 1999100
    23Kellyn Acosta United StatesMF (1995-07-24) July 24, 1995100
    7Stipe Biuk CroatiaFW (2002-12-26) December 26, 2002111
    10Carlos Vela (DP) MexicoFW (1989-03-01) March 1, 1989113
    21Christian Torres (HG) United StatesFW (2004-04-15) April 15, 200400
    22Kwadwo Opoku GhanaFW (2001-07-13) July 13, 2001112
    99Denis Bouanga GabonFW (1994-11-11) November 11, 19941110

    Coaching staff
    As of February 21, 2023[3]
    Technical staff
    Head coach United States Steve Cherundolo
    Assistant coach Canada Marc Dos Santos
    Assistant coach United States Ante Razov
    Assistant/Goalkeeping coach North Macedonia Oka Nikolov
    Assistant coach/Performance director South Africa Gavin Benjafield
    Co-President & General Manager United States John Thorrington
    Director of football operations Mexico Marco Garcés

    Transfers

    Transfers in
    Entry date Position Player From club Notes Ref.
    December 22, 2022 DF Honduras Denil Maldonado Honduras Motagua Loan [4]
    December 30, 2022 FW Croatia Stipe Biuk Croatia Hajduk Split Transfer [5]
    January 4, 2023 DF United States Aaron Long United States New York Red Bulls Free agent [6]
    January 9, 2023 GK Switzerland Eldin Jakupović England Everton Transfer [7]
    January 26, 2023 MF United States Daniel Crisostomo United States Las Vegas Lights Transfer [8]
    January 26, 2023 GK United States Abraham Romero United States Las Vegas Lights Transfer
    February 2, 2023 DF Spain Sergi Palencia France Saint-Étienne Transfer [9]
    February 10, 2023 MF Germany Timothy Tillman Germany Greuther Fürth Transfer [10]
    March 31, 2023 MF Poland Mateusz Bogusz England Leeds United Transfer [11]

    Transfers out
    Exit date Position Player To club Notes Ref.
    November 15, 2022 FW United States Cal Jennings United States Tampa Bay Rowdies Declined contract options [12]
    November 15, 2022 GK El Salvador Tomás Romero Canada Toronto FC Declined contract options [13]
    November 15, 2022 MF Mexico Daniel Trejo United States Phoenix Rising Declined contract options [14]
    November 15, 2022 DF Argentina Franco Escobar United States Houston Dynamo Free agent [15]
    November 15, 2022 DF United States Sebastien Ibeagha United States FC Dallas Free agent [16]
    November 15, 2022 DF Colombia Eddie Segura Free agent [17]
    November 15, 2022 MF Ecuador Sebastian Méndez Brazil São Paulo Free agent [18]
    November 15, 2022 FW Spain Cristian Tello Saudi Arabia Al Fateh Free agent [19]
    January 3, 2023 MF Ghana Latif Blessing United States New England Revolution Trade [20]
    January 9, 2023 FW Wales Gareth Bale N/A Retired [21]
    February 1, 2023 FW Colombia Cristian Arango Mexico Pachuca Transfer [22]
    February 28, 2023 DF Senegal Mohamed Traore United States Phoenix Rising Loan [23]

    Draft picks
    Round # Position Player College/Club Team Reference
    1 No Draft Selection
    2 58 GK United Arab Emirates Jassem Koleilat University of New Hampshire [24]
    3 87 DF United States Noah Dollenmayer CSU, San Bernardino [25]

    Competitions

      Win   Draw   Loss

    All matches are in Pacific Time

    Preseason
    January 21 1 Los Angeles FC 0–2 Real Salt Lake Los Angeles
    11:00 AM Jacquesson 10'
    Rubin 65' (pen.)    		 Stadium: Los Angeles Football Club Performance Center
    Attendance: 0
    Note: Played behind closed doors.
    January 28 2 Los Angeles FC 1–1 New York City FC Los Angeles
    30' Report Magno 32' (pen.) Stadium: Los Angeles Football Club Performance Center
    Note: Played behind closed doors.
    February 18 3 Los Angeles FC 3–1 San Diego Loyal Los Angeles
    5:00 PM Vela 21'
    Opoku 57'
    Bouanga 83'    		 Moon 38' Stadium: BMO Stadium

    Coachella Valley Invitational
    Main article: Coachella Valley Invitational
    February 6 1 Los Angeles FC 1–2 D.C. United Indio, California
    2:00 PM Bouanga 68'
    90+8'    		 Stadium: Empire Polo Club
    February 11 2 Los Angeles FC 2–1 Toronto FC Indio, California
    11:00 AM Bouanga , Vázquez 6' Stadium: Empire Polo Club

    MLS
    Main article: 2023 Major League Soccer season
    Western Conference
    MLS Western Conference table (2023)
    Pos Team Pld W L T GF GA GD Pts Qualification
    1 Seattle Sounders FC 12 7 3 2 19 9 +10 23 Qualification for Round One
    2 Los Angeles FC 10 6 1 3 20 8 +12 21
    3 FC Dallas 12 6 3 3 15 12 +3 21
    4 St. Louis City SC 11 6 4 1 22 13 +9 19
    5 San Jose Earthquakes 12 5 4 3 16 16 0 18
    Updated to match(es) played on May 17, 2023. Source: MLS
    Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) total wins; 3) total goal differential; 4) total goals scored; 5) fewer disciplinary points; 6) away goal differential; 7) away goals scored; 8) home goals differential; 9) home goals scored; 10) coin toss (2 clubs tied) or drawing of lots (≥3 clubs tied)
    Overall
    Overall MLS standings table
    Pos Team Pld W L T GF GA GD Pts Qualification
    2 FC Cincinnati 12 8 1 3 18 12 +6 27 Qualification for the CONCACAF Champions League[lower-alpha 1]
    3 Seattle Sounders FC 12 7 3 2 19 9 +10 23 Qualification for the CONCACAF Champions League[lower-alpha 2]
    4 Los Angeles FC 10 6 1 3 20 8 +12 21
    5 St. Louis City SC 11 6 4 1 22 13 +9 19
    6 Nashville SC 13 6 3 4 17 8 +9 22
    Updated to match(es) played on May 14, 2023. Source: MLS
    Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) total wins; 3) total goal differential; 4) total goals scored; 5) fewer disciplinary points; 6) away goal differential; 7) away goals scored; 8) home goals differential; 9) home goals scored; 10) coin toss (2 clubs tied) or drawing of lots (≥3 clubs tied)
    Notes:
    1. As second highest-ranked club in 2023 MLS Supporters' Shield not already qualified (MLS4)
    2. As third highest-ranked club in 2023 MLS Supporters' Shield not already qualified (MLS5)

    Matches

    All matches are in Pacific time

    March 4 1 Los Angeles FC 3–2 Portland Timbers Los Angeles, California
    1:30 PM Chiellini 24'
    Vela 34' (pen.)
    Sánchez Yellow card 45+1'
    Hollingshead Yellow card 45+8'
    Opoku 52'
    Tillman Yellow card 72'    		 Report McGraw Yellow card 41'
    Evander 62'
    Paredes 84'
    Fogaça Yellow card 90+1'    		 Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 22,202
    Referee: Joseph Dickerson
    March 12 2 Los Angeles FC 4–0 New England Revolution Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Bouanga 14' (pen.), 67'
    Tillman 83'
    Biuk 90+6'    		 Report Polster Yellow card 67' Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 22,007
    Referee: Allen Chapman
    March 18 3 Seattle Sounders FC 0–0 Los Angeles FC Seattle, Washington
    1:00 PM Paulo Yellow card 35'
    Nouhou Yellow card 43'
    Rusnák Yellow card 45'
    A. Roldán Yellow card 56'    		 Report Long Yellow card 43'
    Murillo Yellow card 43'
    Acosta Yellow card 48'
    Bouanga Yellow card 84'    		 Stadium: Lumen Field
    Attendance: 32,515
    Referee: Ismail Elfath
    March 25 4 Los Angeles FC 2–1 FC Dallas Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Tillman 3'
    Murillo Yellow card 37'
    Hollingshead Yellow card 69'
    Bounga 84'    		 Report Twumasi Red card 34'
    Velasco Yellow card 40'
    Quignon Yellow card 43'
    Ibeagha Yellow card 53'
    Cerrillo Yellow card 63'
    Tafari Yellow card 66', 73'    		 Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 22,163
    Referee: Lukasz Szpala
    Note: FC Dallas head coach Nico Estévez was shown a yellow card (45+4').
    April 1 5 Colorado Rapids 0–0 Los Angeles FC Commerce City, Colorado
    6:30 PM Barrios Yellow card 87' Report Long Yellow card 65' Stadium: Dick's Sporting Goods Park
    Attendance: 16,298
    Referee: Drew Fischer
    April 8 6 Los Angeles FC 3–0 Austin FC Los Angeles
    4:30 PM Bouanga 40', 58', 68' Report Lima Yellow card 67' Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 22,199
    Referee: Victor Rivas
    April 16 7 LA Galaxy 2–3 Los Angeles FC Carson, California
    1:30 PM Boyd 41'
    Aude Yellow card 73'
    Delgado 84'
    Puig Yellow card 90'
    Joveljić Yellow card 90+4'    		 Report Acosta Yellow card 19'
    Vela 22', 68' (pen.)
    Palacios Yellow card 60'
    Cifuentes Yellow card 63'
    Hollingshead 70'
    Palencia Yellow card 90+1'    		 Stadium: Dignity Health Sports Park
    Attendance: 27,154
    Referee: Armando Villarreal
    April 22 8 Nashville SC 1–1 Los Angeles FC Nashville, Tennessee
    5:30 PM Mukhtar 35' Maldonado Yellow card 8'
    Bouanga 59'
    Dueñas Yellow card 69'
    Murillo Yellow card 88'    		 Stadium: Geodis Park
    Attendance: 30,109
    Referee: Ted Unkel
    May 6 9 San Jose Earthquakes 2–1 Los Angeles FC Santa Clara, California
    4:30 PM Espinoza 8', 83' (pen.) Report Bogusz Yellow card 29'
    Bouanga 30'
    Maldonado Yellow card 83'    		 Stadium: Levi's Stadium
    Attendance: 45,112
    Referee: Rubiel Vazquez
    May 13 10 Real Salt Lake 0–3 Los Angeles FC Sandy, Utah
    6:30 PM Ojeda Yellow card 27'
    Eneli Yellow card 79'    		 Opoku 8'
    Bouanga 34'
    Hollingshead Yellow card 68'
    Bogusz 87' (pen.)    		 Stadium: America First Field
    Attendance: 19,407
    Referee: Pierre-Luc Lauziere
    May 17 11 Los Angeles FC 1–1 Sporting Kansas City Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Bouanga 13'
    Sánchez Yellow card 29'
    Palacios Yellow card 40'
    Tillman Yellow card 70'    		 Russell 20'
    Sallói Yellow card 90+4'    		 Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 22,222
    Referee: Armando Villarreal
    May 20 12 Los Angeles FC v San Jose Earthquakes Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    June 3 Los Angeles FC Postponed Atlanta United Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Note: Match will be rescheduled due to Los Angeles FC's participation in 2023 CONCACAF Champions League.
    June 10 13 Houston Dynamo v Los Angeles FC Houston, Texas
    5:30 PM Stadium: Shell Energy Stadium
    June 14 14 Los Angeles FC v Houston Dynamo Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Note: Originally scheduled for April 29, match was rescheduled due to Los Angeles FC's participation in the 2023 CONCACAF Champions League.
    June 17 15 Sporting Kansas City v Los Angeles FC Kansas City, Kansas
    5:30 PM Stadium: Children's Mercy Park
    June 21 16 Los Angeles FC v Seattle Sounders FC Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    June 24 17 Los Angeles FC v Vancouver Whitecaps Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    July 1 18 FC Dallas v Los Angeles FC Frisco, Texas
    5:30 PM Stadium: Toyota Stadium
    July 4 19 LA Galaxy v Los Angeles FC Pasadena, California
    7:30 PM Stadium: Rose Bowl
    Note: Match was originally scheduled for February 25, but was postponed and later rescheduled due to severe weather.
    July 8 20 Los Angeles FC v San Jose Earthquakes Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    July 12 21 Los Angeles FC v St. Louis City SC Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Note: Match was rescheduled due to Los Angeles FC's participation in 2023 CONCACAF Champions League.
    July 15 22 Minnesota United v Los Angeles FC Saint Paul, Minnesota
    5:30 PM Stadium: Allianz Field
    August 20 23 Los Angeles FC v Colorado Rapids Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    August 26 24 Charlotte FC v Los Angeles FC Charlotte, North Carolina
    4:30 PM Stadium: Bank of America Stadium
    September 3 25 Los Angeles FC v Inter Miami Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Note: Originally scheduled for September 2
    September 9 26 Portland Timbers v Los Angeles FC Portland, Oregon
    7:30 PM Stadium: Providence Park
    September 16 27 Los Angeles FC v LA Galaxy Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    September 20 28 St. Louis City SC v Los Angeles FC St. Louis, Missouri
    5:30 PM Stadium: Citypark
    September 23 29 Philadelphia Union v Los Angeles FC Chester, Pennsylvania
    4:30 PM Stadium: Subaru Park
    October 1 30 Los Angeles FC v Real Salt Lake Los Angeles
    5:00 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    October 4 31 Los Angeles FC v Minnesota United Los Angeles
    7:30 PM Stadium: BMO Stadium
    October 7 32 Austin FC v Los Angeles FC Austin, Texas
    5:30 PM Stadium: Q2 Stadium
    October 21 33 Vancouver Whitecaps v Los Angeles FC Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    TBD Stadium: BC Place

    U.S. Open Cup
    Main article: 2023 U.S. Open Cup

    Los Angeles FC will enter the Open Cup at the Round of 32.

    All matches are in Pacific Time.

    May 9 Round of 32 (USLC) Monterey Bay FC California 2–2 (a.e.t.)
    (4–5 p)    		 California Los Angeles FC (MLS) Seaside, California
    7:30 PM Murphy Yellow card 45'
    Dawkins 90'
    Maldonado 94'
    Siaha Yellow card 103'
    Fehr Yellow card 110'    		 Report Torres 25'
    Maia 105'    		 Stadium: Cardinale Stadium
    Attendance: 5,808
    Referee: Cristian Campo
    Penalties
    May 22 Round of 16 (MLS) Los Angeles FC California v California LA Galaxy (MLS) Los Angeles
    TBD Stadium: BMO Stadium

    CONCACAF Champions League
    Main article: 2023 CONCACAF Champions League

    Los Angeles FC qualified for the tournament as the 2022 Supporters' Shield winners and MLS Cup 2022 winners.

    All matches are in Pacific Time.

    Round of 16
    March 9 First leg Alajuelense Costa Rica 0–3 United States Los Angeles FC Alajuela, Costa Rica
    7:00 PM Parkins Yellow card 34' Report Bouanga 47', 70', 89'
    Murillo Yellow card 87'    		 Stadium: Estadio Alejandro Morera Soto
    Referee: Daneion Parchment (Jamaica)
    March 15 Second leg Los Angeles FC United States 1–2
    (4–2 agg.)    		 Costa Rica Alajuelense Los Angeles, United States
    7:30 PM
    		Report
    		Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 19,672
    Referee: Adonai Escobedo González (Mexico)
    Note: Los Angeles FC advance 4–2 on aggregate.

    Quarterfinals
    April 5 First Leg Vancouver Whitecaps Canada 0–3 United States Los Angeles FC Vancouver, Canada
    7:00 PM PDT Bouanga 55', 65'
    Opoku 61'    		 Stadium: BC Place
    Attendance: 11,652
    Referee: Fernando Guerrero Ramírez (Mexico)
    April 11 Second Leg Los Angeles FC United States 3–0
    (6–0 agg.)    		 Canada Vancouver Whitecaps Los Angeles, United States
    7:15 PDT Vela 8' (pen.), 31'
    Sánchez Yellow card 32'
    Cifuentes 65'    		 Berhalter Yellow card 20' Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 18,688
    Referee: Juan Calderón (Costa Rica)
    Note: Los Angeles FC advance 6–0 on aggregate.

    Semi-finals
    April 26 First Leg Philadelphia Union United States 1–1 United States Los Angeles FC Chester, United States
    6:00 PM Martínez Yellow card 63'
    Gazdag 86' (pen.)    		 Report Acosta Yellow card 84', 90+1' Stadium: Subaru Park
    Attendance: 17,676
    Referee: César Ramos (Mexico)
    May 2 Second Leg Los Angeles FC United States 3–0
    (4–1 agg.)    		 United States Philadelphia Union Los Angeles, United States
    7:00 PM Tillman 13'
    Bouanga Yellow card 17', 90'
    Murillo Yellow card 43'
    Opoku 82'    		 Report Bedoya Yellow card 2'
    Uhre Yellow card 37'
    Mbaizo Yellow card 41' Yellow-red card 59'    		 Stadium: BMO Stadium
    Attendance: 19,985
    Referee: Drew Fischer (Canada)
    Note: Los Angeles FC advance 4–1 on aggregate.

    Final
    May 31 First leg León Mexico v United States Los Angeles FC León, Mexico
    22:00 (20:00 CDT) Report Stadium: Estadio León
    June 4 Second leg Los Angeles FC United States v Mexico León Los Angeles
    22:00 (19:00 PDT) Report Stadium: BMO Stadium

    Leagues Cup
    Main article: 2023 Leagues Cup

    Los Angeles FC will enter the Leagues Cup in the Round of 32

    Knockout round
    Main article: 2023 Leagues Cup knockout stage
    August 2 Round of 32 Los Angeles FC United States v Runner-up South 1 Los Angeles
    Stadium: BMO Stadium

    Statistics

    References
    1. "LAFC's home venue renamed as BMO Stadium". MLSsoccer.com. January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
    2. "First team roster". Los Angeles FC. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
    3. "Los Angeles FC Technical Staff". January 16, 2021.
    4. "LAFC Acquires Honduran National Team Defender Denil Maldonado On Loan". Los Angeles FC. December 22, 2022. Retrieved December 22, 2022.
    5. "LAFC Signs Forward Stipe Biuk". Los Angeles FC. December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
    6. "LAFC Signs Free Agent Defender Aaron Long". Los Angeles FC. January 4, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
    7. "LAFC Signs Goalkeeper Eldin Jakupovic". Los Angeles FC. January 9, 2023. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
    8. "LAFC Signs Midfielder Daniel Crisostomo & Goalkeeper Abraham Romero". Los Angeles FC. January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
    9. "LAFC Signs Defender Sergi Palencia". Los Angeles FC. February 2, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
    10. "LAFC Signs Midfielder Timothy Tillman". Los Angeles FC. February 10, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
    11. "LAFC Signs Mateusz Bogusz From Leeds United". Los Angeles FC. March 31, 2023. Retrieved March 31, 2023.
    12. "LAFC Announces Roster Moves For 2023 Season". Los Angeles FC. November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
    13. "LAFC Announces Roster Moves For 2023 Season". Los Angeles FC. November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
    14. "LAFC Announces Roster Moves For 2023 Season". Los Angeles FC. November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
    15. "Houston Dynamo FC sign two-time MLS Cup winner Franco Escobar". Houston Dynamo. January 12, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
    16. "LAFC Announces Roster Moves For 2023 Season". Los Angeles FC. November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
    17. "LAFC Announces Roster Moves For 2023 Season". Los Angeles FC. November 15, 2022. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
    18. "Sebas Méndez joins Brazil's Sao Paulo after 4-year MLS career". Major League Soccer. January 9, 2023. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
    19. "Cristian Tello, Franco Escobar officially depart LAFC". SB Nation: Angels on Parade. January 25, 2023. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
    20. "LAFC Acquires $400,000 In General Allocation Money From New England In Exchange For Latif Blessing". Los Angeles FC. January 3, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2023.
    21. "Gareth Bale Announces Retirement From Professional Football". Los Angeles FC. January 9, 2023. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
    22. "LAFC Transfers Cristian Arango To C.F. Pachuca In Liga MX". Los Angeles FC. February 1, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
    23. "LAFC Loans Defender Mohamed Traore to Phoenix Rising". Los Angeles FC. February 28, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
    24. "LAFC Selects Two Players In The MLS SuperDraft 2023 Presented By Adidas". Los Angeles FC. December 21, 2022. Retrieved December 22, 2022.
    25. "LAFC Selects Two Players In The MLS SuperDraft 2023 Presented By Adidas". Los Angeles FC. December 21, 2022. Retrieved December 22, 2022.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.