2024 Indonesian general election

General elections are scheduled to be held in Indonesia on 14 February 2024 to elect the President, Vice President, People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which consists of the DPR and the DPD, and members of local legislative bodies.[1][2]

2024 Indonesian general election
14 February 2024 (2024-02-14)
June 2024 (second round, if necessary)
Opinion polls
Presidential election
Incumbent President

Joko Widodo
PDI-P


Legislative election
PartyLeader Current seats
(DPR: 580, DPD: 152)
PDI-P Megawati Sukarnoputri 128
Golkar Airlangga Hartarto 85
Gerindra Prabowo Subianto 78
Nasdem Surya Paloh 59
PKB Muhaimin Iskandar 58
Demokrat Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono 54
PKS Ahmad Syaikhu 50
PAN Zulkifli Hasan 44
PPP Muhamad Mardiono 19

Electoral system

The previous election was regulated by Law No. 7 of 2017. The General Elections Commission (KPU), a legally independent government body was responsible for organizing the election. In addition, the vote was monitored by the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu), which also had the authority to rule on violations of election rules (e.g. administrative errors, vote-buying, etc.). Any ethical violations committed by either Bawaslu or the KPU were to be handled by the Elections Organizer Honor Council (Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu DKPP), which consists of one member from each body and five others recommended by the government. The same system and regulations are expected to be applied in the 2024 edition.

Depending on the voting location and voters' domicile, voters will be given four or five ballot papers: one for the presidential candidates and their running mate, one for Regional Representative Council (DPD), one for People's Representative Council (DPR), one for provincial council, and for the regions outside of Jakarta Special Capital Region, there is one additional ballot paper reserved for regency/city council (DPRD Provinsi and DPRD Kabupaten/Kota) members election. Voters use a nail to poke a hole in the ballot paper indicating which party or candidate they wish to vote for, and then dip their fingers in ink as a precaution against voter fraud.

Presidential

In order to run as a presidential candidate, a candidate must be formally endorsed by a political party or a coalition thereof which compose either 20 percent of seats in the DPR or 25 percent of popular votes in the prior election, i.e. in the 2019 election.[3] Political parties are allowed to remain neutral if they are unable to propose their own candidate. However, if a neutral party(s) is able to endorse their own candidate, they are required to do so, or face being barred from participating in the next election.

The voting procedure followed a two-round system, with voters simply choosing one of the candidate pairs. A candidate will be required to win a majority and at least 20% of the votes in over half of Indonesia's provinces to be declared the winner. If no candidate pairs had fulfilled the criterion (50%+1 of total popular votes), the election will be repeated or progressed to a second round with only the two candidates receiving the most popular votes.

According to the Constitution, presidential candidates must:

  • Be at least 40 years old (the requirement has not changed);
  • Be resident in Indonesia for at least 5 years;
  • Not have foreign citizenship or residence permit in a foreign country, either at the time of the election or at any time before (new constitutional requirement).

Legislative

Members of both the People's Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional People's Representative Councils (DPRD) are elected from multi-member electoral districts through voting with an open list system, and seat distribution is done with the Sainte-Laguë method. There is a gender quota requiring at least 30% of registered candidates to be female.

A 4% parliamentary threshold is set for parties to be represented in the DPR, though candidates could still win seats in the regional councils provided they won sufficient votes. There are 580 DPR seats contested. Nationally, there are 84 DPR electoral districts, with 301 provincial and 2,375 municipal electoral districts. Senatorial candidates for the DPD are not allowed to be members of any political party. Four senators are elected for each province – a total of 152 members.[4]

This will be the first elections for provincial deputies and senators of both Houses for Central, Southwest, South and Highland Papua - all new provinces formed in 2022. On 12 December 2022, Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 signed and published to amend the 2017 electoral law to make the new electoral regions to those provinces and facilitate the election there.[5]

Nusantara, the designated new national capital, is expected to not to be developed as new separate electoral region in the 2024 general election. Proposed plans by the government is currently not focused on the establishment of new electoral region and districts in Nusantara due to its under-construction state and currently as there are few people currently living in Nusantara, less than the standard number of people to be established as a new electoral district. Due to this, a new temporary mechanism is currently devised by the government for DPR to serve as the temporary representation body until 2029, when Nusantara can be deemed capable to be established as new electoral region. For 2024 election, electors living within Nusantara are considered a part of the East Kalimantan electoral region and thus the regional representatives to the DPR that covers the area, as well as the provincial senators at large, will be elected.[6][7][8]

Voters

The voting age is 17, or less if the voter had married. Members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian Police are not allowed to vote.[9]

On 18 April 2023, KPU announced that there were provisionally 205,853,818 registered voters, including 1,574,737 voters registered overseas. It was planned that the vote will be held in 823,287 polling stations.[10]

Contesting parties
See also: List of political parties in Indonesia

In April 2022, the Ministry of Law and Human Rights declared the names of 75 national political parties eligible to register for the 2024 elections.[11][12] In the end, a total of 24 political parties registered with the KPU to run in the election nationally.[13] On 14 December 2022, the KPU announced that 17 parties had passed the factual verification process and would be eligible to contest the legislative election.

The Ummah Party, who the KPU deemed not qualified to participate in the elections, accused the KPU of irregularities in the process. The party subsequently filed a written complaint.[14] Following mediations brokered by General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) between the party and the KPU on 20 and 21 December, Bawaslu instructed the electoral commission to repeat the verification process for Ummah Party.[15] The party declared as qualified to participate in the election on December 30. [16][17]

Meanwhile, the Just and Prosperous People's Party (PRIMA), which registration was initially rejected, filed a lawsuit against KPU, and won the right for a second verification from the KPU.[18] However, on 19 April 2023, the KPU deemed PRIMA not qualified to participate in 2024 elections after the party failed in its factual verification phase, where the KPU found the party's membership numbers below the required threshold. [19]

# English name
Indonesian name		 Leader 2019 result
Votes (%) Seats
1
 PKB National Awakening Party
Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa		 Muhaimin Iskandar 9.69%
58 / 575
2
 Gerindra Great Indonesia Movement Party
Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya		 Prabowo Subianto 12.57%
78 / 575
3
 PDI-P Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan		 Megawati Sukarnoputri 19.33%
128 / 575
4
 Golkar Party of Functional Groups
Partai Golongan Karya		 Airlangga Hartarto 12.31%
85 / 575
5
 NasDem Nasdem Party
Partai NasDem		 Surya Paloh 9.05%
59 / 575
6
 PB Labour Party
Partai Buruh		 Said Iqbal New
7
 Gelora Indonesian People's Wave Party
Partai Gelombang Rakyat Indonesia		 Anis Matta New
8
 PKS Prosperous Justice Party
Partai Keadilan Sejahtera		 Ahmad Syaikhu 8.21%
50 / 575
9
 PKN Nusantara Awakening Party
Partai Kebangkitan Nusantara		 I Gede Pasek Suardika New
10
 Hanura People's Conscience Party
Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat		 Oesman Sapta Odang 1.54%
0 / 575
11
 Garuda Change Indonesia Guardian Party
Partai Garda Perubahan Indonesia		 Ahmad Ridha Sabana 0.50%
0 / 575
12
 PAN National Mandate Party
Partai Amanat Nasional		 Zulkifli Hasan 6.84%
44 / 575
13
 PBB Crescent Star Party
Partai Bulan Bintang		 Yusril Ihza Mahendra 0.79%
0 / 575
14
 Demokrat Democratic Party
Partai Demokrat		 Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono 7.77%
54 / 575
15
 PSI Indonesian Solidarity Party
Partai Solidaritas Indonesia		 Giring Ganesha 1.89%
0 / 575
16
 Perindo Indonesian Unity Party
Partai Persatuan Indonesia		 Hary Tanoesoedibjo 2.67%
0 / 575
17
 PPP United Development Party
Partai Persatuan Pembangunan		 Muhamad Mardiono 4.52%
19 / 575
Ballot number 18-23 allocated to local parties in Aceh[20]
18
 PNA Nanggroe Aceh Party
Partai Nanggroe Aceh		 Irwandi Yusuf DNP
19
 Gabthat Atjeh Beusaboh Tha'at and Taqwa Generation Party
Partai Generasi Atjeh Beusaboh Tha'at Dan Taqwa		 Teuku Syahril
20
 PDA Aceh Abode Party
Partai Darul Aceh		 Muhibbussabri A. Wahab
21
 PA Aceh Party
Partai Aceh		 Muzakir Manaf
22
 PAS Aceh Aceh Just and Prosperous Party
Partai Adil Sejahtera Aceh		 Bulqaini Tanjungan
23
 SIRA Independent Solidity of the Acehnese Party
Partai Soliditas Independen Rakyat Aceh		 Muslim Syamsuddin
24
 Ummat Ummah Party
Partai Ummat		 Ridho Rahmadi New

Presidential election

In July 2017, the People's Representative Council (DPR) passed a law that only parties or coalitions with at least 20% of seats in the legislature (i.e. 115 seats), or 25% of votes in the previous election are eligible to submit a presidential candidate. Requirements for presidential/vice-presidential candidates are, Indonesian-born citizens, Indonesian citizens who were born abroad, a minimum age of 40 and a requirement to "have a belief in the One and Only God". If the candidates had spouses, they also had to be Indonesian citizens. A criminal record resulting in over five years of incarceration or an active bankruptcy bars a candidate from running.

Candidates with official party support
Name Born Experience Supporting parties 2019 result Ref
Seats Votes

Anies Baswedan		 (1969-05-07)7 May 1969
(age 54)
Kuningan, West Java		 Governor of Jakarta (2017–2022)
Minister of Education and Culture (2014–2016)		 Nasdem
Demokrat
PKS
Ummat
163 / 575
 25.03% [21][22][23]

Prabowo Subianto
(Campaign)		 (1951-10-17)17 October 1951
(age 71)
Jakarta		 Minister of Defense (incumbent)
Commander of Kostrad (1998)
General Commander of Kopassus (1995-1998)		 Gerindra
PKB
136 / 575
 23.29% [24][25][26]

Ganjar Pranowo		 (1968-10-28)28 October 1968
(age 54)
Karanganyar, Central Java		 Governor of Central Java (incumbent) PDI-P
PPP
Hanura
PSI
147 / 575
 27.28% [27][28][29][30]

Potential candidates

Legislative election

Contested seats
Legislative elections in Indonesia: February 2024[34]
Level Institution Seats contested Change from 2019 Elections
National People's Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR)		 580 Increase5
Regional Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD)		 152 Increase16[lower-alpha 1]
Provincial
Provinsi		 Provincial People's Regional Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi (DPRD I)		 2,372 Increase165
Regency/Municipal
Kabupaten/Kota		 Regency/Municipal People's Regional Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten/Kota (DPRD II)		 17,510 Increase170
Total 20,614 Increase356

Candidates

All legislative candidates has to be Indonesian citizens, over 21 years old, senior high school (or equivalent) graduates, and have never been convicted for a crime resulting in a sentence of 5 years or more. In addition, the candidates for the People's Representative Council (DPR) or local legislatures has to be endorsed by a political party and are required to resign from their non-legislative government offices – except for the president and vice president – or their state-owned company positions. Legislators running for reelection or another body through a new political party are also required to resign.[36]

Opinion polls

President
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election

People's Representative Council
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2024 Indonesian legislative election

This graph shows the polling trends in the run-up to the 2024 Indonesian legislative election. Scenario polls are not included.

The electoral threshold to obtain seats is currently set at 4%.

Notes
  1. Due to the formation of four new provinces in Western New Guinea: Central Papua, Highland Papua, South Papua, and Southwest Papua.[35]

References
  1. Dewi, Retia Kartika (11 July 2022). "Jadwal Lengkap dan Tahapan Pemilu 2024". Kompas. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  2. Kiswondari (15 November 2020). "KPU Targetkan Sirekap Digunakan pada Pemilu 2024". sindonews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  3. "Apa yang perlu Anda ketahui tentang UU Pemilu". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). 21 July 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  4. "PERATURAN PEMERINTAH PENGGANTI UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG PEMILIHAN UMUM". Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2022 (PDF) (in Indonesian). President of Indonesia.
  5. Rizqo, Kanavino Ahmad. "Jokowi Terbitkan Perppu Pemilu terkait 4 Daerah Otonomi Baru di Papua". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-12-13.
  6. Firmansyah, Muhammad Julnis (2022-08-31). Wibowo, Eko Ari (ed.). "Mendagri Usul Pemilu 2024 Tak Digelar Dulu di IKN, Ini Alasannya". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-18.
  7. Mantalean, Vitorio (2022-08-31). Prabowo, Dani (ed.). "IKN Tak Gelar Pemilu 2024, Mendagri Usul Badan Otorita Diawasi DPR RI". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-18.
  8. "Pakar: IKN Nusantara Tak Bisa Gelar Pemilu 2024". nasional (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-18.
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  10. "KPU: Daftar Pemilih Sementara Pemilu 2024 Capai 205 Juta". Bisnis.com (in Indonesian). 18 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  11. Savitri, Putu Indah (12 April 2022). "Ketua KPU: 75 parpol berhak mendaftar jadi peserta Pemilu 2024". Antara News (in Indonesian). Retrieved 25 April 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. "Deretan 75 Parpol yang Berhak Daftar Pemilu 2024". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. Mantalaen, Vitorio (15 August 2022). "40 Parpol Daftar Pemilu 2024, 24 Lanjut Verifikasi". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 December 2022.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. Mantalean, Vitorio (14 December 2022). Asril, Sabrina (ed.). "Resmi, 17 Parpol Lolos Jadi Peserta Pemilu 2024, Ini Daftarnya..." Kompas. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
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  16. Tandiah, Kenzu; Meilani A, Tri (30 December 2022). Haryati, Sri (ed.). "Ummah Party passes KPU re-verification to contest 2024 elections". Antara News. Retrieved 30 December 2022.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. Silvia Ng (30 December 2022). "Lolos Peserta Pemilu 2024, Partai Ummat Pegang Nomor Urut 24". detiknews (in Indonesian).
  18. Wiryono, Singgih (1 April 2023). Santosa, Bagus (ed.). "KPU Nyatakan Prima Lolos Verifikasi Administrasi Peserta Pemilu 2024". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 April 2023.
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  20. Arjanto, Dwi (2 January 2023). "Deretan 6 Partai Politik Lokal Aceh yang Lolos Pemilu 2024 dan Asal-usulnya". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  21. Shafira, Ima Dini (2023-01-30). Hantoro, Juli (ed.). "PKS Dukung Anies Baswedan, Sudirman Said: Bakal Capres Pertama yang Dapat Dukungan Cukupy". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  22. Prastiwi, Devira (1 February 2023). "3 Parpol yang Resmi Dukung Anies Baswedan Jadi Capres pada Pilpres 2024". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 April 2023.
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  24. Teresia, Ananda; Lamb, Kate; Suroyo, Gayatri (12 August 2022). "Indonesia defence minister Prabowo accepts party's nomination to run for president". Reuters. Archived from the original on 17 October 2022.
  25. Firmansyah, Teguh; Akbar, Nawir Arsyad (28 April 2023). "Koalisi Gerindra-PKB akan Kerja Keras Menangkan Pilpres 2024". Republika (in Indonesian). Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  26. "PKB Umumkan Usung Prabowo Subianto Capres 2024". nasional (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-05-10.
  27. Siregar, Kiki; Kamil, Asyraf (21 April 2023). "Indonesia's PDI-P picks Central Java governor Ganjar Pranowo as presidential candidate". CNA. Retrieved 2023-04-21.
  28. Maulana, Gibran (26 April 2023). "PPP Resmi Dukung Ganjar Pranowo Capres 2024". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  29. Pamungkas, Nugroho Catur (2022-10-03). "PSI Usung Ganjar Pranowo - Yenny Wahid di Pilpres 2024". Tempo. Retrieved 2023-04-21.
  30. Silalahi, Theresia (22 April 2023). "Partai Hanura Dukung Ganjar Pranowo di Pilpres 2024". Berita Satu (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  31. Suadnyana, Sui (18 January 2022). "Ridwan Kamil Nyatakan Siap Lahir Batin Maju Pilpres 2024". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. Hantoro, Juli (2022-10-19). "Golkar Tegaskan Airlangga Hartarto Tetap Calon Presiden 2024". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  33. Faizal, Achmad (15 February 2023). Hartik, Andi (ed.). "Muhaimin Iskandar: Saya Maju Capres, Dapatnya Apa Tergantung Takdir". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  34. "Dapil dan Jumlah Kursi Anggota DPR dan DPRD dalam Pemilu Tahun 2024" (in Indonesian). General Elections Commission. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
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