Biotechnology in India

Biotechnology in India is a sunrise sector within the Indian economy.[1] Agencies of the Government of India concerned with the biotechnology industry include the Department of Biotechnology and the proposed Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India. As of 2022, the sector is valued at $80 billion.[2] The Indian biotechnology sector is fast growing, and the sector is expected to be valued at $150 billion by 2025 and surpass $300 billion in value by 2030.[2]

History

The first Indian biotechnology company to be established was Biocon, which was founded by Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw in 1978.[3] The Indian biotechnology industry formally began in 1986 with the establishment of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) by the Ministry of Science and Technology.[4]

Regulation

Department of Biotechnology
Main article: Department of Biotechnology

The Department of Biotechnology is an Indian government department under the Ministry of Science and Technology, responsible for administering development and commercialization in the field of modern biology and biotechnology in India. The DBT was also one of the world's first government departments that was established to focus solely on the biotechnology sector.[4]

Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India
Main article: Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India

The Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) is a proposed regulatory body in India for uses of biotechnology products including genetically modified organisms (GMOs).[5] The institute was first suggested under the Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) draft bill prepared by the Department of Biotechnology in 2008. Since then, it has undergone several revisions.[6]

Companies

Vaccine manufactures

India is the world's largest vaccine maker as of 2020.[7] Prominent Indian vaccine manufactures include the Serum Institute of India (SII).[8] SII is the world's largest vaccine manufacturer.[9][10] Another prominent vaccine manufacturer is Bharat Biotech.[11] Hester Biosciences is Asia’s largest company that manufactures animal and poultry vaccines.[12]

Other established companies
  • Advanced Enzymes[13]
  • Biocon.[14][15]
  • Laurus Bio.[16] The company is a subsidiary of Laurus Labs, and was originally company named Richcore, before Laurus acquired it and renamed it.[16][17]
  • Sea6 Energy is a startup working for producing fuel from seaweed.[18]

Biotechnology startups

There have been an increasing number of startups being founded in the Indian biotechnology industry. In 2021, the total number of biotechnology startups stood at 5365, whereas in 2010, there were only 50 startups in the sector.[2] As of 2021, more than half of the biotechnology startups are being founded in the medical sector, however, other large sectors where biotechnology startups are being founded include 18% in the biotechnology services sector and 14% of startups are in agricultural biotechnology.[4]

Biotechnology parks

The DBT has set up biotechnology parks in India, and as of 2022, there are 9 biotechnology parks across the country.[19] The parks have been set up by the DBT to give infrastructure support that will assist in making biotechnology research into products and services.[19] The biotechnology parks give scientists and small and medium-sized enterprises facilities that can help them in developing and demonstrating technologies, and assist in their pilot plant studies as well.

References
  1. Livemint (11 June 2022). "India's biotech sector likely to reach $150 billion in 4 years: Minister". mint. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  2. Basu, Mohana (20 July 2022). "R&D investment in Indian biotech tripled in 2021 to cross $1 billion, says govt report". ThePrint. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
  3. Dey, Soma (2019). "Biocon: Taking a Crack at the Global Biosimilar Market". South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases. 8 (1): 100–110. doi:10.1177/2277977918803186. ISSN 2277-9779.
  4. Nogrady, Bianca (12 December 2018). "How Indian biotech is driving innovation". Nature. 564 (7735): S53–S55. doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07671-9. PMID 30542184.
  5. Regulatory Authority to be Set Up on Bio-Technology, PIB, GOI, 22 May 2012
  6. "BRAI Bill leaves biotech commercialisation in limbo", The Hindu, 9 September 2010
  7. Roy, Abhirup; Rocha, Euan; Das, Krishna N. (10 December 2020). "Not without India: World's pharmacy gears up for vaccine race". Reuters. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  8. "About Serum Institute Of India Pvt. Ltd". www.seruminstitute.com. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  9. Kalra, Aditya (24 May 2022). "Indian vaccine giant Serum plans African plant in global expansion". Reuters. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  10. Robertson, Chiyo (28 February 2021). "Covid: How this Indian firm is vaccinating the world". BBC News. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  11. "Bharat Biotech International Ltd - Company Profile and News". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  12. "About". www.hester.in. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  13. "Corporate Profile". Advanced Enzymes. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  14. "Who we are - Biocon - Global Biopharmaceutical company". Biocon. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
  15. "Biocon Ltd". Business Standard India. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
  16. Ramarathinam, Ashwin (25 November 2020). "Laurus Labs buys 73% stake in Biotech firm Richcore Lifesciences for Rs247 crore". mint. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  17. "Laurus Bio | Enabling precision fermentation and synthetic biology". LAURUS Bio. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  18. How Bengaluru became the biotech capital of India, The Economic Times, 12 November 2015
  19. PTI (28 May 2022). "North India's first biotech park inaugurated in J-K's Kathua". The Economic Times. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
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